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小升初英语总复习动词-课件.pptx

1、第二篇 专项提升第四部分 时态精析第一节 动词知识梳理一、动词的概念与分类一、动词的概念与分类 动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词的词义和在句中的动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词的词义和在句中的作用,可以将动词划分为如下几类:作用,可以将动词划分为如下几类:二、动词的基本形式二、动词的基本形式 1.情态动词:没有人称和数的变化,后面接动词原形。如:情态动词:没有人称和数的变化,后面接动词原形。如:I can play basketball well.Mike can speak Chinese.2.be动词:根据人称和时态的不同,呈现不同形式。如:动词:根据人称和时态的不同,

2、呈现不同形式。如:现在时:现在时:I am very happy today.Mike is an American boy.They are playing in the snow.过去时:过去时:He was in Grade 3 last year.We were at home yesterday.将来时:将来时:There will be a match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow.I am going to Hainan next week.3.助动词:不能单独在句中使用,在句中的作用是协助主要动词构助动词:不能单独在句中使用,在句中的

3、作用是协助主要动词构成谓语。如:成谓语。如:We do not(dont)have classes on Saturdays.My father does not(doesnt)work in the hospital.Did you go swimming last weekend?4.实义动词:小学阶段所学的实义动词有四种形式,即动词原形、实义动词:小学阶段所学的实义动词有四种形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式(动词的第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式(动词的-ing形式)和过去式形式。如:形式)和过去式形式。如:(1)动词第三人称单数形式的构成)动词第三人称单数形式的构成 一般

4、情况下,在动词词尾加一般情况下,在动词词尾加-s。如:。如:workworks,looklooks,wantwants 以以 c h,s h,s,x,o 结 尾 的 动 词,在 词 尾 加结 尾 的 动 词,在 词 尾 加-e s。如:。如:teachteaches,washwashes,dress(装扮)(装扮)dresses,fix(安装)(安装)fixes,gogoes 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改结尾的动词,改y为为i,再加,再加-es。如:。如:flyflies,crycries 【注】【注】以元音字母加以元音字母加y结尾的动词,直接在词尾加结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-s。

5、如:。如:playplays,buybuys 不规则变化。如:不规则变化。如:havehas,beis (2)动词现在分词形式的构成)动词现在分词形式的构成 一般情况下,在动词词尾加一般情况下,在动词词尾加-ing。如:。如:gogoing,playplaying 以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去结尾的动词,去e再加再加-ing。如:。如:writewriting,comecoming 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后这个辅音字母再加这个辅音字母再加-ing。如:。如:runrunning,swimsw

6、imming,shopshopping 以以ie结尾的动词,将结尾的动词,将ie改为改为y,再加再加-ing。如:。如:diedying,lielying (3)动词过去式的构成)动词过去式的构成 一般情况下,在动词词尾加一般情况下,在动词词尾加-ed。如:如:workworked,playplayed 以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾加结尾的动词,在词尾加-d。如:如:closeclosed,arrivearrived 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改结尾的动词,改y为为i,再加再加-ed。如:如:crycried,studystudied 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只

7、有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后这个辅音字母再加这个辅音字母再加-ed。如:如:stopstopped,dropdropped动词过去式的不规则变化(见下表)动词过去式的不规则变化(见下表)续表续表续表考点精析考查动词的变化形式考查动词的变化形式考点1【例【例1】Listen and fill.听对话,填入所缺的单词听对话,填入所缺的单词,使对话意思合理、完整,使对话意思合理、完整,每空只填一词。每空只填一词。1.A:What is Mr Blacks job?B:He is a scientist.He _ in a university

8、.2.A:Look!What are the rabbits doing?B:Some are _,some are eating fresh carrots.听力材料:听力材料:1.A:What is Mr Blacks job?B:He is a scientist.He works in a university.2.A:Look!What are the rabbits doing?B:Some are jumping,some are eating fresh carrots.解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做此题时,不仅解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做此题时,

9、不仅要考虑主语的人称,还要注意句子的时态,这样才能根据句意和录音要考虑主语的人称,还要注意句子的时态,这样才能根据句意和录音提示填写出动词的正确形式。第提示填写出动词的正确形式。第1小题主语是第三人称,句子又是陈小题主语是第三人称,句子又是陈述习惯性的动作,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式述习惯性的动作,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式works。第。第2小题小题中的中的are一词提示了本题要用现在进行时,所以要用现在分词一词提示了本题要用现在进行时,所以要用现在分词jumping。答案:答案:1.2.worksjumping举一反三一、一、Read and fill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填

10、空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The cat _(run)around the tree.2.They are _(clean)their classroom.3.I _(have)a cold last week.4.Dont _(talk)loudly in the library.5.My mother _(make)a big cake last month.6.What _(do)she do last night?7.My aunt often _(go)shopping on Sundays.8.Sarah _(buy)a red bag yesterday.runsc

11、leaninghadtalkmadedidgoesbought考查动词的综合运用考查动词的综合运用考点2【例【例2】Read and fill.用用read的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.You can _(read)the book in the library.2.She _(read)a book now.3.Can I _(read)this book now?4.My father _(read)newspapers every morning.5.A:Did you _(read)the comic book?B:Yes,I _(read)it yesterday.解析:本题围

12、绕一个词解析:本题围绕一个词read 展开,考查了不同时态、不同人称情展开,考查了不同时态、不同人称情况下,实义动词的用法。第况下,实义动词的用法。第1小题中小题中can接原形动词;第接原形动词;第2小题小题now表示表示的是现在,体现现在进行时,的是现在,体现现在进行时,she 是第三人称单数,故是第三人称单数,故“is动词的动词的-ing形式形式”是本小题需要的答案;第是本小题需要的答案;第3小题不管后面出现什么,小题不管后面出现什么,can接动词原接动词原形是做题关键;第形是做题关键;第4小题小题every morning 体现一般现在时,而体现一般现在时,而my father是第三人称

13、,故动词要用三单形式;第是第三人称,故动词要用三单形式;第5小题小题did 之后加动词原形,答之后加动词原形,答句中用过去式形式,句中用过去式形式,read 的过去式和原形同形。的过去式和原形同形。答案:答案:1.2.3.4.5.read is readingreadreadsread;read举一反三二、二、Read and fill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.We _(like)music.Now we _(sing).2.Lets _(go)to the cinema.3.He _(is)ill yesterday.4.Can you _(cle

14、an)the table now?5.Do you _(go)to the park on Saturdays?likeare singinggowascleango三、三、Read and choose.单项填空。单项填空。()1.What did he _ yesterday?A.do B.does C.did()2.He is _ with his friend.A.talked B.talking C.talksAB()3.John:How is he feeling?Mike:He _ better.A.feels B.is feel C.is feeling()4.Amy:What

15、 are you doing?Sam:Im _ dinner.A.cook B.cooks C.cooking()5.Dont _ TV.A.watch B.watching C.watchesCCA过关检测一、一、Read and write.按要求改写单词。按要求改写单词。1.have(第三人称单数形式)(第三人称单数形式)_2.slept(动词原形)(动词原形)_e(反义词)(反义词)_4.driver(动词形式)(动词形式)_5.sit(动词过去式)(动词过去式)_hassleepgodrivesat6.do(现在分词)(现在分词)_7.take(动词过去式)(动词过去式)_8.was

16、h(第三人称单数形式)(第三人称单数形式)_9.write(动词过去式)(动词过去式)_10.told(动词原形)(动词原形)_doingtookwasheswrotetell二、二、Read,choose and fill.选词填空,将下列短文补充完整。选词填空,将下列短文补充完整。live,works,went,likes,play,walks,drawing,goes,teaches,am My name is Sarah.I _ an American girl,but I _ in Guangzhou with my parents now.My father is a teache

17、r.He _ English.He likes _ pictures.Usually my father _ to work by car,but yesterday he _ by bus.My mother is a nurse.She _ in a big hospital.She often _ to work.She _ playing baseball very much.We often _ it together.am1.2.live3.teaches4.drawing5.goes6.went7.works8.walks9.likes10.play三、三、Read and fi

18、ll.用括号内所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。1._(be)these your shoes?2.I can _(play)football every day.3.I want to _(buy)some flowers for my mother.4.Listen!Who is _(cry)over there?5.He _(do)morning exercises every morning.6._ your mother _(wash)the clothes every day?7.He _(not teach)English in our scho

19、ol.8.He _(leave)his homework at home this morning.AreplaybuycryingdoesDoeswashdoesnt teachleft9.Where _(be)the twins last night?10.Can I _(watch)TV now?11.My father likes _(collect)stamps.12.Joes aunt _(work)in a factory last year.13.We should _(help)each other.14.The sun _(rise)in the east.15.No _(

20、smoke)!)!16._(have)this orange,please.17.She _(stay)at home today.werewatchcollectingworkedhelprisessmokingHavestays18.Jack is good at _(run),),and he is _(run)on the playground now.19.A:Listen!Who _(sing)?B:Oh,it is Miss Green.She always _(sing)and _(dance)in the music room after school.Next Monday

21、 she _(sing)for us in class.20.A:_ your friends _(come)to your birthday party yesterday?B:Yes,and they _(give)me a lot of birthday presents.runningrunningis singingsingsdanceswill sing/is going to singDidcomegave四、四、Read and choose.单项填空。单项填空。()1.Lucy:Can I _ your bike?Lily:Sure.A.ride B.riding C.to

22、ride ()2.My father _ a new car.He _ it very much.A.have;like B.has;likes C.has;like ()3._ he often _ his homework at school?A.Does;do B.Does;does C.Do;does ABA ()4.Oliver:What is she doing?Tony:She _.A.sings B.will dance C.is cleaning her room ()5.The sun _ down in the west.A.go B.is going to C.goes

23、 ()6.Mary often helps her mum _ the dishes.A.does B.do C.doing ()7.I enjoy _ to music.A.listen B.listening C.listenedCCBB ()8.Father _ on his coat and went out.A.puts B.put C.putting ()9.I _to the teacher,but I didnt _ him.A.listen;heard B.listened;heard C.listened;hear ()10.What _ you _ last weeken

24、d?A.will;do B.does;do C.did;do ()11.Tony _ to school by bike last year.A.goes B.went C.will go ()12.Mr Smith _ to see you in an hour.A.came B.comes C.will comeBCCBC ()13.My friend Peter _ very well.A.swim B.running C.sings ()14.Li Lei _ like fish,but his sister _.A.dont;do B.doesnt;does C.isnt;is ()

25、15.Dont _ in class.Lets _ to the teacher.A.talking;listening B.talks;listens C.talk;listenCBC五、五、Read and write.按要求改写句子。按要求改写句子。1.Jenny will be a doctor in the future.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_2.He did his homework last night.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)一般疑问句一般疑问句:_ 肯定回答肯定回答:_3.He is listening to music.(就画线部分提问就画线部分提问)_Will Jenny be a doctor in the future?Did he do his homework last night?Yes,he did.What is he doing?4.Sarah can swim.(改为否定句)(改为否定句)_5.My friend and I are going to play baseball next week.(用(用last week 改写)改写)_Sarah cant swim.My friend and I played baseball last week.

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