名词性从句许一锋 .ppt

1、Noun Clausesn定语从句 句句 子子充当定语充当定语名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句句句 子子充当主语充当主语句句 子子句句 子子句句 子子充当宾语充当宾语充当同位语充当同位语充当表语充当表语状语从句状语从句 句句 子子充当状语充当状语n1.The thing made me happy.n2.I like his job.n3.My job is teaching.n4.Hu,chairman of our country,is popular among China.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语 I can pay

2、back the help people give to me makes me happy.ThatI dislike what he saidnThe reason is that you dont work hard.nThere is a high possibility that Justin was taken away by aliens 主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表从表从同位语从句同位语从句（1）名词性从句构成有名词性从句构成有3种种a.That+陈述句陈述句b.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b.

3、if/whether+陈述句陈述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c.疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.n主语从句nThat he was savednWhether or not he was savednWho saved himn is clear.that he was saved 陈述陈述whether or not he was saved 是否是否Who saved him.疑问疑问n宾语从句n that he

4、was savedn n whether or not he was savedn who saved himnI am interested in who that tall man is.I dont know 同位语从句同位语从句 we have no doubt that he was saved who saved himWe have doubt whether or not he was saved.表语从句表语从句 that he was saved whether or not he was saved.who saved him.The fact isThe questio

5、n is总结：名词从句总结：名词从句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A.That B.What C.Why D.If2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A.that B.if C.whether D.what3.This is _ he was often late for school.A.what B.that C.why D.whether4.We all know

6、 the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A.if;moved B.that;moves C.why;move D.whether;moveAC CB主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句（1）名词性从句构成有名词性从句构成有3种（火车头）种（火车头）a.That+陈述句陈述句b.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b.if/whether+陈述句陈述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c.疑问词疑

7、问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序：一、名词性从句的语序：陈述语序陈述语序(1)that 和whether/if引导的从句 She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.She had

8、 a feeling that.(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()FTTF二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接

9、词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。what在名词性从句中在名词性从句中充当成分充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。that在名词性从句中在名词性从句中不充当任何成分不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。，只起连接作用。名词性从句中名词性从句中缺少成分一般用缺少成分一般用what代替代替that/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the ga

10、me.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat引导词引导词that 的省略的省略单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位

11、语从句同位语从句d.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略He said(that)he liked rain very much and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was rainingthat/(that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.Th

12、e news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it is necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatif 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.

13、whether to do 做动词宾语做动词宾语 为固定结构为固定结构.g.whether or not 为固定结构为固定结构.if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _

14、he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether其它连接代词和副词的选用其它连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词。这些连接词等连接词。这些连接词既具有疑问含义，既具有疑问

15、含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenw

16、howhatwhere三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief suggestion,advice等等3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位语从句等来引导同位语从句There is a high possibility that we will have two days off on New Y

17、ears Day.1.I have no idea _ he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have some doubt _ he will win.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句

18、和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的定语从句是先行词的修饰语，起修饰作用。修饰语，起修饰作用。定语从句中定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中从句中充当一个句子成分充当一个句子成分，2.同位语从句对先行词的内容作进一步的同位语从句对先行词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，解释和说明，表明先行词的具体内容表明先行词的具体内容。先行词一般为抽象名词。先行词一般为抽象名词。引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中在同位语从句中不做任何成分不做任何成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用,无具体含义无具体含义,且不可省略且不可省略.nFact,promise,n

19、ews,belief,nChance,possibility 等抽象名词充当先行词nA.that B.if C.that if D.what ifnFather made me a promise _I make progress he would give me a presentnThe news that our team has won the game came.nThe news(that she told me)is true.g名词性从句名词性从句做做同位语同位语Father made me a promise _he would give me a present.that不

20、做成分做成分C1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.定语从句定语从句 or 同

21、位语从句同位语从句定语同位语同位语定语名词名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should+do,should 可省略可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.表命令表命令 要求要求 建议建议 等语气中，名词性从句中需要用虚拟语气等语气中，名词性从句中需要用虚拟语气My suggestion is that you(should)be calm now.He suggested that I(should)

22、be calm now.It is required that we(should)observe the rule in the class.宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you

23、were doing at this time yesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _.他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher told us _he was pre

24、paring for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.Practice time1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.A.that B.which C.what D.how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A.which B.what C.that D.how3.It _ Joe drives badly.A.thoug

25、ht that B.thinks that C.is thought what D.is thought that5.This is _ she was born.A.where B.which C.that D.what6.The question is _ we cant go there today.A.that B.what C.which D.when7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ h

26、e has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.that D.what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.A.what B.that C.which D.where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A.build B.will build C.be built D.will be built11.My advice is that he _ quiet.A.keep B.wo

27、uld keep C.keeps D.kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it.A.Who that B.Whoever C.Whom that D.That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A.that B.which C.what D.whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won.A.which B.that C.what D.where15.The problem _ it is right or wr

28、ong has not yet been decided.A.which B.that C.whether D.if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A.which B.what C.that D.where Thank youn1.His success was because of _ he had been working hard.nA.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the factn2.“Is Mary from New York City”“I dont know _.

29、”nA.from what city does she come from B.from what city she comenC.what city does she come from D.what city she comes fromn3._ makes mistakes must correct them.nA.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatevern4.The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.nA.because I got B.because of getting C.I got D.t

30、hat I gotn5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.nA.while B.that C.if D.for n6.Henry killed the dog.Ill ask him why _.nA.did he do that B.he did thatC.he did D.he has done so n7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _.nA.how he is getting along B.how is he getting alongnC.what

31、 he is getting along D.what is he getting alongn8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.nA.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenevern9.He asked me _ with me.nA.what is the trouble B.what wrong wasnC.what was the matter D.what trouble it isn10.I am sure _ he said is true

32、.nA.that B.about that C.of that D.that whatn11.When and why he came here _ yet.nA.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not been12.I wonder how much _.nA.does the watch cost B.did the watch costnC.the watch costed D.the watch costsn13.Mary is _ someone might recognize her.nA.afraid of

33、B.afraid about C.afraid that D.afraid forn14._ is no reason for dismissing her.nA.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes latenC.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes laten15.They came to the conclusion _ by a computer.nA.that not all things can be done B

34、.because of not all things be donenC.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be donen16.Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.nA.for B.because C.since D.thatn17.I dont doubt _ hell come.nA.that B.if C.what D.whethern18.“Why did you go to th

35、e wrong class,Mr.Wang”n“Well,I forget _ I was supposed to go to.”nA.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.what room was itn19.Output is now six times _ it was before liberation.nA.that B.which C.what D.of whichn20.Mary:Helen is a mere washer woman,yet shes now buying a big house.nCarol:Y

36、es.Because shes always saved _.nA.what little she earns B.how little she earnsnC.for little she earns D.with little she earnsn21._ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.nA.Thatwhat B.Whatthat C.Thatwhich D.Whatwhichn22.We gave him _ help we could.nA.which B

37、.what C.that D.thisn23.She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.nA.that B.which C.all what D.all that n24.Excuse me would you please tell me _ nA.when the sports meet is taken place B.when is the sports meet going to be heldnC.when is the sports meet to begin D.when the sp

38、orts meet is to take placen25.Do you happen to know _ nA.what size shoes he wears B.how big shoes he wearsnC.what is the size of his shoes D.what number shoes are hisn26.This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.nA.how you have observed B.how what you have observednC.that you have obse

39、rved D.how that you have observedn27.Where do you think _ nA.has he gone B.has he been C.hes gone D.was hen28.Do you know _ nA.how many populations there are in the world nB.how much population there is in the worldnC.how many the population of the world isnD.what the population of the world isn29.W

40、ould you go and see _ outside n A.what to take place B.what Tom has happened C.what is happening D.what the matter had beenn30.The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him.is_.nA.what B.interesting C.What is interesting D.InBy the time you arrive here,my lecture will have ended,

41、and I will be meeting my guests in the office.nBy the time he went to England,he had learnt English for nearly ten years.nBy the time he goes to England,he will have learnt English for nearly ten years.n-What has happened to you?You look pale.n-I am very tired.I have been painting my room all day.n5

42、.What surprised me most was that he didnt attend the lecture.n6.Word came that we had won the match.n7.That one and one is two is known to all.n名词性从句其它情况看笔记n8.In this perfect world lived people（who knew how to stay young forever）.n9.Growing around the lake are many wild flowers.n10.Out he went.n11,N

43、ot until my father came back did I go to bed.n倒装句其它情况看笔记n11.It was not until my father came back that I went to bed.(强调句型具体的看笔记)n12.He insisted that he had done nothing wrong and(should)be set free at once.n13,His pale face suggested that he was ill and I suggested that he(should)see a doctor at onc

44、e.n14 You cant imagine the difficulty(I had in solving the problems).n15.I want to know who you want to have go with you.n16,He speaks clearly to make his speech(understood)easy to understand.n17,The theory(that he insisted on)proved right.n18.When faced with difficulties,we cant give up.n19.When fa

45、cing difficulties,we cant give up.n20.After being punished by his father,he was very upset.n (主同谓be 原则要看笔记)n20With 结构要记牢笔记本上的6 个句子。n21Please keep me informed of the approaches to solving the problems.n22.It is reported that he is studying abroad/has studied abroad/he will study abroad.n He is report

46、ed to be studying abroad/have studied abroad/to study abroad.n The witness reported seeing a Yeti.n23.a bridge built/to be built/being builtn24.He ran in,followed by a big dog,walking very slowly.n25.Devoted to teaching,he has no time to stay with his family.n Devoting himself to teaching,he has no

47、time to stay with his family.n26.Satisfied with my work,the boss praised me.n27,Not having finished his homework,he had to stay up.n28,He is the man who told/telling me the news.n29,It happened that he was writing a novel.n He happened to be writing a novel.n30.It happened that he had gone abroad.n

48、He happened to have gone abroad.(顺便注意 board,aboard 的用法)n31.He hurried to the station,only to be told that the bus had left.n He was buried in work,only smoking from time to time.n32.They are talking about the policy they will see carried out next year.n33.We should do whatever we can to protect the

49、environment from being polluted.n （理解并记住笔记本上的5个句子）n34.Upon/on arriving/my arrival at the destination,Ill call you.n Ill call you the minute/moment/immediately I get there.n35.9.11 is a day,one well never forget.n36.-Where did you meet Tom?n -It was on the farm(where I used to work)that I met him.n37

50、,Compared with him,Im luckier.n Compare the two cars and you will find the differences.n Comparing the two cars,you will find the differences.n38,Typhoon and the losses they caused are frightening.n She is such a good teacher as we all respect/show respect for/look up to n We are trying to create an