2012考研英语一真题及答案.docx

1、2012 考研英语（一）真题参考答案Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot its legitimacy as gu

2、ardian of the rule of law justices behave likepoliticians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that being independent and impartial。the court s reputation forJustices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. Thatkind of activity makes it less like

3、ly that the courts decisions will beas impartial judgments.Part of the problem is that the justices are not by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself to the code of conduct that to the rest of the federal judiciary。This and other cases the question of whether there is still

4、a between the court and politics。The framers of the Constitution envisioned law having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions they would be free to those in power and have no need to political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precis

5、ely because they are so closely 。Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it is inescapably political which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so

6、easily as unjust。The justices must doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, , convincing as law 。1 A emphasizeB maintainC modifyD recognize 2 A whenB bestC beforeD unles3 A rend

7、eredB weakenedC establishedD eliminated4 A challengedB compromisedC suspectedD accepted 5. A advancedB caught C boundD founded 6. A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone 7. A resortsB sticksC leadsD applies8. A evadeB raiseC denyD settle 9. A lineB barrier C similarity D conflict 10. AbyB asC throughD t

8、owards 11. A soB sinceC providedD though 12. A serveB satisfyCupsetD replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guardedB followedCstudiedD tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorte

9、d18. A suppress B exploitC addressD ignore 19. A accessibleB. amiableC agreeable D accountable20.A by all meansB at all costsC in a wordD as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your an

10、swers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)Text 2TEXT2Pretty in pink: adult womendo not rememberbeing so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it a

11、lso repeatedly and firmly fused girls identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singularlack of imagination about girls lives and interests。Girls attraction to

12、pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, its not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, sin

13、ce the onlyway of getting clothes clean was to boil them. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Bl

14、ue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant childrens marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive to girl

15、s, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years。I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perceptionwhat is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something

16、experts developedofafter years of research into childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out, accordingDaniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s。toTrade publications counselled department stores that, in order to incr

17、ease sales, they should create a third stepping stone between infant wear and older kids clothes. It was only after toddler became common shoppers term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, intoever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boo

18、st profits. And one of theeasiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist。26 By saying it is . The rainbow(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pink 。A should not be the sole representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with g

19、irls innocenceC cannot explain girls lack of imaginationD cannot influence girls lives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls DNAB Blue used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizin

20、g genders D White is preferred by babies28 The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychologicaldevotement was much influenced by 。A the marketing of products for childrenB the observation of childrens natureC researches into childrens behaviorD studies of childhood consumption29. We ma

21、y learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised 。A focuses on infant wear and older kids clothesB attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groupsD create some common shoppers terms30. it can be concluded that girls attraction to pink seems to be 。A c

22、learly explained by their inborn tendencyB fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological expertsPart BDirections:For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered box

23、es to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentsinto Chinese. Your translation s

24、hould be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points)Section WritingPart A51. Directions:。You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use PostgraduatesAssociation instead. ( 10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of160-200 words ba

25、sed on the following drawing. In your essay, you shoulddescribe the picture briefly,explain its intended meaning, andgive your comments。You should write neatly on answer sheet 2.2012 年全国硕士 研究生入学考试英语试题National Entrance Test of English forMA/MSCandidates (NETEM) 跨考英语教研室杨凤芝Section Use of English Direct

26、ions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blankand mark A, B, C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issuerecently. The court cannot its legitimacy as guardian of the rule oflaw justices behave like p

27、oliticians. Yet, in several instances,justices acted in ways that the courts reputation for being independentand impartial。Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared atpolitical events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courtsshould make itself to the code

28、of conduct that to threest of thedecisions will be the justices are notas impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that by an ethics code. At the very least, the courtfederal judiciary。This and other cases the question of whether there is still a between the court and politics。The framers of the

29、Constitution envisioned law having authority apartfrom politics. They gave justices permanent positions they would be freeto those in power and have no need to political support. Our legalsystem was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they areso closely 。Constitutional law is p

30、olitical because it results from choices rooted infundamental social like liberty and property. When the court deals withsocial policy decisions, the law it is inescapably political whichis why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily as unju。stThe justices must doubts about the courts

31、legitimacy by making themselves to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings morelikely to be seen as separate from politics and, , convincing as law。1 A emphasize B maintainC modify D recognize 2 A when3 A rendered B weakened C established D eliminatedbBest C before Dunless4 A challenged B

32、 compromised C suspected D accepted 5. A advanced B caught C bound D founded 6. A resistant B subject C immune D prone 7. A resorts B sticks C leads D applies 8. A evade B raise C deny D settle 9. A line B barrier C similarity D conflict 10. A by B as C through D towards 11. A so B since C provided

33、D though12. A serve B satisfy Cupset D replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer14 A guarded B followed C studied D tied15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploit C

34、 address D ignore 19. A accessible B. amiable C agreeable D accountable20.A by all means B at all costs C in a word D as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers oAnNSWER SHEET

35、1. (40 points)Text 2 TEXT2Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with thecolour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls lives. It is not that pinkintrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it maycelebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and fi

36、rmly fused girlsidentity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even amongtwo-year-olds,between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence。Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girlslives and interests。Girls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable

37、, somehow encoded in their DNA,but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies,its not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20thcentury: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore whiteaaspractical matter, since the only way of getting clot

38、hes clean was to boilthem. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of asgender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actuallyconsidered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the V

39、irgin Mary,constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until themid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominantchildrens marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when itbegan to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as femal

40、e,at least for the first few critical years。I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perceptionof what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychologicaldevelopment. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something expertsdeveloped after years of rese

41、arch into childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out,according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it waspopularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s 。Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increasesales, they should create a third

42、 stepping stone between infant wear and older kids clothes. It was only after toddler became common shoppersterm that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splittingkids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways

43、 to segment a market is tomagnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist。26 By saying it is . The rainbow(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pink 。A should not be the sole representation of girlhoodB should not be associated with girls innocenceC cannot explain girls la

44、ck of imaginationD cannot influence girls lives and interests27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?A Colors are encoded in girls DNAB Blue used to be regarded as the color for girlsC Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing gendersD White is preferred by babies

45、28 The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychologicaldevotement was much influenced by 。A the marketing of products for childrenB the observation of childrens natureC researches into childrens behaviorD studies of childhood consumption29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department

46、 stores were advised 。A focuses on infant wear and older kids clothes B attach equal importance to different gendersC classify consumers into smaller groupsD create some common shoppers terms30. it can be concluded that girls attraction to pink seems to be 。A clearly explained by their inborn tendencyB fully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological experts Part BDirections:For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the listA-G and fill them into thenumbered boxes to form a co