初中英语定语从句解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析(DOC 9页).doc

1、初中英语定语从句解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、定语从句1Do you know the man_ gave out food a few days ago?AwhoBwhichCwhoseDwhether【答案】A【解析】句意：你认识那个几天前分发食物的男士吗？这里是定语从句。A. who引导定语从句，先行词是指人的；在定语从句中做宾语或主语； B. which 引导定语从句，先行词是指物的；在定语从句中做宾语或主语； C. whose引导定语从句，先行词是指人或指物的； 在定语从句中做定语； D. whether是否。不能引导定语从句。The man先行词，是指人的，故选A。2The

2、last place _ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.AwhereBthatCwhenDwhy【答案】B【解析】句意：我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是定语从句，where关系副词，指地点；that关系代词，先行词为物；when关系副词，指时间；why关系副词，指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语，故应填关系代词，选B。3Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?Is it the one your uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?Aw

3、hoBwhatCthatDwhen【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：露西，你在哪儿看到我的表了吗？是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗？后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句，先行词the one指事物“表”，关系词用that。故选C。考点：考查连词辨析。4This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是eve

4、rything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a

5、 sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my lif

6、e. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which

7、 is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions.5Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provi

8、de a movie experience people cannot get at home.AthatBwhoCwhomDwhat【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：如果剧院可以提供人们在家无法获得的电影经历，它们会有一个光明的未来。此处修饰先行词experience的定语从句，并且作为动词get的宾语，故此处用关系代词that，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。6The book _ I read last night was fantastic.AthatBwhatCwhoseDwho【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行

9、词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；D. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物，用that来引导，故答案为A。【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/th

10、at在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4）关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, wher

11、e, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。7一What kind of movies do you like？一I prefer movies give me something to think about.AthatBwhatCwhere【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意： 你喜欢什么类型的电影？ 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that：指人或物，做主语或宾语；B. what什么，不能引导定语从句，排除；C. where

12、哪里，先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies，指物，因此用that 来引导。故选A。8The book _was written by him is very interesting.AwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；B. whom代指人，在定语从句中做宾语；C. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构，可知本句为定语从句，先行词the book为物，而且从句中缺主语，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which；故答案选C。9-Which is

13、 your new neighbor, Liu Hua? -The man _ T-shirt is red.AthatBwhoCwhichDwhose【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点：考查连词辨析。【详解】试题分析：句意：李华，哪个是你的新邻居？T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T恤，表示所有关系，用关系词whose，故选D。10A Wechat（微信）is an invention _can help people talk to friends，share photos，ideas and feelings freely .AwhichBwhoC/【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：微信是能帮助人

14、们和朋友自由交谈，分享照片，想法，感情的一种发明。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词：where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指认又可指物。根据先行词是物，引导词做主语不能省略，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。11The photo _ taken by my brother last week is very nice.AwhichBthat isCthat wereDwhich

15、 was【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：上周被我弟弟拍的那张照片非常好看。此题考查定语从句。根据句意，应选D。考点：考查定语从句。12Wechat（微信） is an invention can help people talk to friends ,share photos ,ideas and feelings.AwhatBwhoCwhich【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：微信是能帮助人们和朋友交谈，自由地分享照片，想法，感受的一种发明。根据先行词是invention,所以引导词用that，或这which. 故选C。考点：考查定语从句的用法。13The lady spoke to m

16、e in the shop is my aunt.AWhichBwhoCwhereDWhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个；B. who 谁；C. where 在哪； D. What什么。The lady为先行词，指人，引导词用who或that，故答案为B。考点： 考查定语从句的引导词。14Who was the student _ was absent yesterday?Mary was.AthatBwhoCwhomDwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：昨天旷课的那名学生是谁？是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句，修饰人或事物

17、；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语，表语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语，宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student，表示人，故排除D项。作定语从句的主语，因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句，因此句中的定语从句用that引导，故选A。15 What kind of musicians do you like? I like musicians can write their own lyrics.A which B who C whom【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：-你喜欢哪类音乐人？我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人，在定语从

18、句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句，故选B。考点：考查代词的用法。16What kind of TV shows do you prefer?I like the ones _ make me laugh.AwhoBwhomCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意：-你喜欢哪种电视节目？-我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。_ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词，指人的；在句中作主语； B. whom是定语从句的关系代词，指人的；在句中作宾语；C. that是定语从句的关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语或宾语； D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D；第二句

19、中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物，故排除AB；故选C。点睛：考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词，what不能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物，找对应的关系词。17 Martian Brother is the nickname for a boy called Hua Chenyu_won the 2013 Supei Boy.AwhoBwhichCwhoseDwhat【答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是a boy，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故who符合题意。18I still remember the mountain s

20、chools and teachers _ we visited last year.AwhereBwhoCthatDwhich【答案】C【解析】句意：我仍然记得我们去年参观过的山区学校和老师们。根据句意可知，这里是一个定语从句。where引导定语从句时，先行词是地点，where在从句中作地点状语；who 引导定语从句时，先行词是人；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物。从句先行词是the mountain and the teachers，既有人，也有物，这时定语从句的关联词应该使用that，在从句中作visited的宾语，故答案选C。 点睛：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

21、被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。关系代词在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语；关系副词在定语从句中做状语。19Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house

22、 whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。20This is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.AwhichBthatCwhomDwho【答案】B【解析】句意：这是我参观过的最美的地方。在定语从句中，当先行词由形容词或副词最高级修饰时，从句的引导词应用that。根据语境可知应选B。21The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _ have difficulties.AwhichBwhomCwhoDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意：

23、那个富人对有困难的人非常善良，而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语，宾语或表语。此处先行词people，表示人，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。故选C。22Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.AwhereBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】B【解析】句意：读书是一件好事，它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句

24、，先行词是places；定语从句中缺少句子的宾语，where在定语从句中作状语，故排除A；what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句的时，先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语，先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。23Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.AwhoBwhoseCwhichDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意：建于上世纪60年代的南京长江大桥现在正在修理。who引导定语从句，先行词应该是人，在从句中做主语或宾语；whose的；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，wh

25、ich在从句中做主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge,是物，故应选C。24The movie _ we saw last night was fantastic.AwhichBwhyCwho【答案】A【解析】句意：我们昨晚看的电影是很好。A. which在定语从句作宾语、主语。指物或事情；B. Why在定语从句中做状语，先行词是reason；C. who在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。考查定语从句，先行词movie是指物的，关系词在定语从句中作saw的宾语。所以用which，故选A。25The old man

26、 came into the room with a little boy_was carrying a big bag.AwhoBwhichCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：那位老人带着一个拿大袋子的小孩走进了房间。从题干分析此题是考查定语从句，先行词是人，并在从句中作主语，所以关系词要用who，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法26The young man _ is a friend of mine.Awho I had a talk Bwhom I had a talk withCwhom I had a talk Dwhich I had a talk with【

27、答案】B【解析】句意：和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈；空格处是定语从句，先行词 man是指人的，关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，故选B。27Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of some famous singers _ I can use in my speech.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你为什么还在这儿？时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些

28、著名歌手的照版，我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句，先行词是the photos，指事物，用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。28Most students enjoy having lessons _ are interesting and lively.AthatBwhatCwhoDwhose【答案】A【解析】句意：大多数学生喜欢有趣的充满活力的课堂。此句考查定语从句的关联词，what不能引导定语从句，先行词lessons指物，要由that/which来引导，作定语从句的主语，故答案为A。29Who do you like best in the program Where A

29、re We Going，Dad?Ill say Jasper.He is such a cute boy _ can speak English very well.AwhichBwhoCwhose【答案】B【解析】句意“-在爸爸去哪中，你最喜欢谁？-我会说是陈胤捷，他是一个能把英语说得很好的聪明的小孩”。根据“n+_+句子”结构可知，本题考查定语从句。A.which指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；B.who指人，在从句中做主语和宾语；C.whose指人或物，在从句中做定语。本题中，先行词the boy指人，且在从句中做主语，故选B。30The Palace Museum is the best place Ive ever visited.AwhoBthatCwhereDwhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：故宫博物院是我曾经参观过最好的地方。which， that引导的从句，它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时，用that而不用which。本句中先行词是the best place，此先行词为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语，指物，先行词前有最高级修饰，故用that引导此句的定语从句。选B。考点：考查定语从句。