1、Pediatric Assessment PATPediatric Assessment Triangle 儿科评估三角儿科评估三角Pediatric Assessment当你认为病人生命受到威胁时，即刻进入紧急救援当你认为病人生命受到威胁时，即刻进入紧急救援状态，给予病人生命支持的各项措施。状态，给予病人生命支持的各项措施。AssessCategorizeDecideAction 儿科评估三角，儿科评估三角，PAT Pediatric Assessment Triangle目标目标nPAT 的三个组成部分的三个组成部分n对儿科病人的最初特征作出评估对儿科病人的最初特征作出评估n评估后形成大体
2、印象评估后形成大体印象n首要处理首要处理外观外观Appearance 呼吸呼吸Breathing循环循环Circulation 儿科评估三角儿科评估三角Pediatric Assessment Triangle外观外观Appearancen肌肌张力张力 Tonen反反应应 Interactivenessn可可安抚安抚 Consolabilityn注注意力意力 Look/Gazen发发声声 Speech/Cryn声音n体位n三凹征n鼻扇呼吸做功呼吸做功Work of Breathingn苍白n花斑纹n紫绀循环循环Circulation to Skinn稳定 ABC normal n呼吸困难 B
3、abnormaln呼吸衰竭 B abnormal&A/Cn休克 C abnormaln中枢神经系统失调 A abnormaln心肺功能衰竭或骤停 ABC abnormal大体印象大体印象 General Impression处处 理理Actionn保持气道开放位置n供氧n氧饱、心电和度监测nBLSnPALSBreathing:Respiratory RateAge Respiratory Rate婴儿Infant 30 to 60幼儿Toddler 24 to 40学龄前Preschooler 22 to 34学龄期School-aged child 18 to 30青少年Adolescent
4、 12 to 16AgeNormal Heart RateInfant100 to 160Toddler90 to 150Preschooler80 to 140School-aged child70 to 120Adolescent60 to 100Circulation:Heart RatenPulse quality:Palpate central and peripheral pulsesnSkin temperature:Reverse thermometer signnCapillary refillnBlood pressure:Minimum BP=70+(2 X age in years)CirculationPALS guideline AHA 2008
