2021届重庆市主城区高三上学期高考适应性(一)英语试题(解析版).doc

1、重庆市主城区2021届高考适应性试卷（一）英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。阅读理解一、阅读理解AStudent Activities AssistantBluegrass Community and Technical College Duties: $10 an hourDuties:This position will support the Student Acti

2、vities Coordinator. Make Student Photo IDs and do general office work.Qualifications:High school diploma and one year of related work experience.Fun, dependable, and excellent customer service.Weekend English TeacherMosher Tech $30 an hourDuties:Teach English to young learners between 5-12 years of

3、age through our platform. Teachers will be teaching classrooms with up to 4 students.Qualifications:English teaching certificates. Prior teaching experience.Reading/Math TutorButler Community College $22.25 an hourDuties:The Reading/Math Tutor will be responsible for reading aloud and listening to s

4、tudents read in a group. They will tutor students by assisting with academic assignments for reading or math.Qualifications:Strong attention to details and problem solving skills.Ability to establish and maintain productive work relationships with staff and students.Registrar AssistantThe University

5、 of Chicago $15.25 an hourDuties:This individual will work from December to March at approximately 20 hours per week. In peak periods, more hours may be available, and the assistant may be asked to work evening hours if needed. The assistant will create various reports on examinations, assist in exa

6、m administration and print course evaluations to help assure the department runs smoothly and efficiently during this period.Qualifications:High level of accuracy with repeated tasks.Minimum of 2 years of previous office experience required.1. As a Registrar Assistant, you need to _.A. deal with gen

7、eral office workB. write a variety of exam reportsC. give instructions on course evaluationsD. work 20 hours a week for a whole year2. Which job doesnt require previous working experience?A. Student Activities Assistant.B. Weekend English Teacher.C. Reading/Math Tutor.D. Registrar Assistant.3. We ca

8、n probably read this passage from _.A. a textbookB. a school websiteC. a travel guideD. a science magazine【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几则针对学生的招聘广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Registrar Assistant部分Duties中的“The assistant will create various reports on examinations, assist in exam administration.”（助理将创建各种考试报告

9、，协助考试管理。）可知，作为注册助理，你需要写各种各样的考试报告。故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。由Student Activities Assistant部分Qualifications中的“one year of related work experience”（一年相关工作经验），Weekend English Teacher部分Qualifications中的“Prior teaching experience.”（之前的教学经验）喝Registrar Assistant部分Qualifications中的“Minimum of 2 years of previous office e

10、xperience required.”（至少两年工作经验）可推知，只有Reading/Math Tutor不需要有工作经验。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了几则针对学生的招聘广告。由此推知，本文很有可能出自学校的网站。故选B。BScientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century, but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery. Now, Earther

11、reports that a team of scientists from Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands and the UK has published the most detailed data on the continents subglacial topography（冰川下的地形）near the South Pole.As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, central Antarctica is home to three large canyons（峡谷）

12、, one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points. The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole, a spot that isnt covered by imaging satellites. They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet, but the wide canyons they foun

13、d between the mountains came as a surprise.Of the three canyons, two hadnt been documented previously. The largest, the Foundation Trough, measures 218 miles long, up to 22 miles wide, and 6,260 feet deep, putting it up there with the planets most impressive canyons.The discoveries are significant o

14、n their own, but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic Ice Sheets will react to rising temperatures. Human-caused climate change has destabilized some of the continents ice, and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet especially has been slowly crumbling（崩

15、塌）into the sea. If patterns continue, the coastal glaciers supporting the large ice sheets could fall down, causing sea levels to rise a minimum of 10 feet. If this happens, the canyons could be a major factor in the speed and direction of ice flow from central Antarctica to the coast.The event isnt

16、 likely to happen in the near future, but further study of Antarcticas topography will help scientists to better predict when it might.4. According to the text, the researchers found the new canyons _.A. as plannedB. by accidentC. in the seaD. with satellites5. What can be known about the canyons ac

17、cording to paragraph 4?A. They are likely to affect ice flow.B. They cause ice sheets to crumble.C. They stop ice flowing into the sea.D. They help to cool ice sheets down.6. What does the author think of the further study of Antarcticas topography?A. Its confusing.B. Its quite easy.C. Its meaningfu

18、l.D. Its challenging.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Rising Temperatures Cause Sea Levels to RiseB. Massive Canyons Are Found Beneath Ice SheetsC. Antarctica Still Remains Unknown to the PublicD. Antarcticas Topography Will Be Predicted Soon【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了关

19、于对南极大陆冰下地形的研究情况。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet, but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.”（他们本想在冰盖下找到山脉，但他们在两座山之间发现的宽阔峡谷却让人大吃一惊。）可知，发现宽阔的峡谷是他们意想不到的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ If this happens, the canyons could be a major factor i

20、n the speed and direction of ice flow from central Antarctica to the coast.”（如果发生这种情况，这些峡谷可能是影响南极中部冰流向海岸的速度和方向的一个主要因素。）可知，峡谷很可能会影响冰的流动。故选A。6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The event isnt likely to happen in the near future, but further study of Antarcticas topography will help scientists to better predict when it

21、 might.”（这一事件不太可能在近期发生，但对南极洲地形的进一步研究将帮助科学家更好地预测它可能发生的时间。）可知，这项研究对南极洲地形的进一步研究是有意义的。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Now, Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands and the UK has published the most detailed data on the continents subglacial topography（冰川下的地形）near the S

22、outh Pole.”（现在，Earther报道说，来自丹麦、挪威、荷兰和英国的一组科学家已经公布了南极附近大陆冰下地形的最详细数据。）以及根据第二段“As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, central Antarctica is home to three large canyons（峡谷）, one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points.” （正如他们在地球物理研究快报上报道的那样，南极洲中部有三

23、个大的峡谷，其中一个峡谷比大峡谷还要深，在某些地方几乎和大峡谷一样宽。）可知，这篇文章介绍了对关于南极大陆冰下地形的研究情况。所以短文的最佳标题为“在冰原下面发现了巨大的峡谷”。故选B项。CThe Trades Union Congress(TUC) has urged the government to use high productivity from the greater use of robots and artificial intelligence to reverse(推翻) planned changes to the state retirement age.Before

24、 its annual congress in Brighton, the TUC said higher productivity thanks to technological innovation(革新) ought to bring greater benefits for working people. It said recent progress had mainly benefited business owners, rather than being shared across the workforce through better wages and working c

25、onditions. Frances OGrady, the TUC general secretary, said: Robots and Al could let us produce more for less, promoting national prosperity. But we need a debate about who benefits from this wealth, and how workers get a fair share.There have been previous waves of technological advances since the f

26、irst Industrial Revolution, when inefficient jobs have been replaced by machines or the number of people required to do work has been reduced. Such advances have not led to a total loss of jobs, but have disturbed the type of work people do.There are concerns that the current stage of innovation cou

27、ld be more damaging, while the rewards from higher productivity have not necessarily led to higher wages. The latest available figures show low unemployment unseen since the mid-1970s, but growth in real wages remains negative.In 1950, almost one in three workers worked in manufacturing, while one i

28、n twelve worked in professional and technical services. By 2016 the proportions(比例) had changed completely, but in the communities which were affected, the jobs lost in manufacturing were not replaced by jobs of similar or better quality. Wages in former industrial areas were still 10% below the nat

29、ional average.The increase in the state retirement age by seven years, which was controversially(有争议的) brought forward by the Work and Pensions Secretary David Gauke, is expected to affect about 7 million people in their late 30s and early 40s. As well as reversing the proposal on the retirement age

30、, the TUC said workers should be given the right to a midlife career review, while firms should invest more in workplace training. At present, the UK invests just half of the EU average, it said. OGrady said: Robots are not just terminators. Some of todays jobs will not survive, but new jobs will be

31、 created. We must make sure that tomorrows jobs are no worse than todays.8. According to the TUC, the use of robots and artificial intelligence should result in _.A. technological advancesB. higher levels of productivityC. benefits for working peopleD. more wealth of business owners9. It can be infe

32、rred that the waves of technological advances _.A. had a great influence on the labor structureB. tended to be more damaging than constructiveC. were the outcome of the Industrial RevolutionD. slowly raised the real income of working people10. What can we learn about the proposal of David Gauke?A. I

33、t is strongly opposed by the TUC.B. It will help to create new types of jobs.C. It has produced a widespread influence.D. It reflects the real needs of economic growth.11. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Technological innovation has contributed to peoples wage increases.B.

34、 The government plans to delay retirement age, from which 7 million people will suffer.C. The use of robots and artificial intelligence is only beneficial to the national prosperity.D. OGrady holds an idea that new jobs in the future must be ensured to be at least as good as todays.【答案】8. C 9. A 10.

35、 A 11. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述英国劳工联合会敦促政府利用技术浪潮来高效推翻延迟退休七年的提案，来为工人阶层谋福利。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Before its annual congress in Brighton, the TUC said higher productivity thanks to technological innovation(革新) ought to bring greater benefits for working people.（在布莱顿举行的年度大会之前，英国劳工联合会表示，技术创新带来的生产力提高应该会给劳动人民带来更大的利益

36、。）”可知，英国劳工联合会认为，机器人和人工智能的使用的结果是应该为工人阶层带来福利。故选C。9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，自第一次工业革命以来，曾有过几次技术进步浪潮。在第一次工业革命期间，效率低下的工作被机器取代，或者需要工作的人数减少了。这些进步并没有导致工作岗位的全部流失，但扰乱了人们的工作类型，结合第五段中“In 1950, almost one in three workers worked in manufacturing, while one in twelve worked in professional and technical services. By 20

37、16 the proportions(比例) had changed completely,（1950年，几乎三分之一的工人在制造业工作，而十二分之一的工人在专业和技术服务行业工作。到2016年，这一比例完全改变了，）”可以推断出技术进步的浪潮对劳动力结构有很大的影响。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的前2句“The increase in the state retirement age by seven years, which was controversially(有争议的) brought forward by the Work and Pensions Secret

38、ary David Gauke, is expected to affect about 7 million people in their late 30s and early 40s. As well as reversing the proposal on the retirement age, the TUC said workers should be given the right to a midlife career review, while firms should invest more in workplace training.（将法定退休年龄提高7年，这一提议由就业

39、和养老金大臣戴维高克提出，引起了争议。预计这一举措将影响到大约700万年龄在30岁左右和40岁出头的人。除了撤销关于退休年龄的提案外，英国劳工联合会还表示，应该给予工人在中年时期重新审视职业生涯的权利，而企业应该在工作场所培训方面加大投资。）”可知，David Gauke提出的延迟退休七年的提案是有争议的，英国劳工联合会认为除了推翻这份提案中有关退休年龄的问题，员工还应该获得中年职业复兴的权利，公司应该在工作场所培训方面投入更多。由此可知，David Gauke的提案遭到了英国劳工联合会的强烈反对。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some of todays jobs will

40、 not survive, but new jobs will be created. We must make sure that tomorrows jobs are no worse than todays.（今天的一些工作将不复存在，但新的工作将被创造出来。我们必须确保明天的工作不会比今天的差。）”可知，OGrady认为，未来的新工作必须确保至少和现在一样好。故选D。DIn New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spoken among the more than 1 million students. Fo

41、r 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New Yorks Department of Education makes learning better for these students by providing dual-language(双语) programmes.Students are taught in two languages, English and another one, like Russian or Chinese. Maths, social studies, science and all

42、 other regular courses are taught in both languages so that they could learn about the culture of the other countries.Milady Baez is Deputy Chancellor of English Language Learners and Student Support. She says, The jobs of the future require that our students know more than one language. They are go

43、ing to be travelling abroad; they are going to be communicating with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them.Middle-schoolers might not have jobs on their minds yet. For Kequing Jaing, she likes keeping up her first language, Mandarin. It makes me feel that I am home because I

44、can speak in Chinese and learn in Chinese, while learning in English. So it makes me feel better and makes me understand more about the task Im learning.Anastasia Hudikova came to the United States when she was two years old. She says the Russian-English programme keeps her connected to her heritage

45、(文化遗产) and her parents.The New York schools also offer dual-language programmes in seven other languages: Arabi, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, Polish and Spanish. There are plans to add even more languages in the future. While these dual-language programmes are popular, educators in the US

46、 say that teaching English comes first. Anyway English is the official language of the United States. Studies show that children who learn English early will be more successful later.12. Why are many courses of public schools in New York City taught in both languages？A. To get the students to know a

47、bout the cultures of other countries.B. To encourage more students to go abroad to study further.C. To attract more students to study in the public schools.D. To show the advantages of studying in the public schools.13. How does the text introduce the fact that its important to learn different langu

48、ages？A. By making comparisonsB. By listing peoples attitudes.C. By making the situation clear.D. By giving some numbers.14. What can we infer from the last paragraph？A. More languages have been added to the New York City schools.B. Its unnecessary to learn more languages in New York City.C. English should be a must though different languages are taught.D. English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.15. What is the best title of the passage？A. English, Out o