2021届高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析(二十三).doc

1、2021高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（二十三）2020山东卷（B篇）Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a b

2、achelors degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（学费）, because there was no extra

3、 money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing

4、something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her fa

5、mily as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many ni

6、ghts with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation gra

7、duate and an inspiration to her family and thats pretty powerful. 词块梳理1： pursuevt. 从事；追赶；继续；纠缠vi. 追赶；继续进行时 态: pursued, pursuing, pursues 形容词: pursuable名 词: pursuer近义词：v. act, move, travel, go, locomote, search, seek词组 | 习惯用语pursue after v. 追赶2：goal 1. n. 目标；终点；球门，得分数 2. vi. 攻门，射门得分词组习惯用语goals n. 目标，

8、心理 目的；进球，射中次数primary goal 首要目标goal drought 进球荒；入球荒no goal 投中无效goal line 球门线set goals 设定目标outcome goal 结果性目标company goals 公司目标organizational goals 组织目标goal programming 目标规划；计 目标程序设计3：earnvt. 获得，挣得；赚，赚得；博得；使得到时 态: earned, earning, earns 名 词: earner近义词：v. get, acquire解析：acquire: 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积

9、月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。obtain: 较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 gain: 侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。get: 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。win: 主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。earn: 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。secure: 强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。词组 | 习惯用语earn money 赚钱earn a living 谋生；活命earn interest 赚取利息4：growvi. 生长；发展；渐渐变得v

10、t. 种植；使生长；扩展时 态: grew grown growing, grows 名 词: grower近义词：v. change, increase, develop, make grow, become, cultivate解析：become: 最普通用词，作为连系动词，指从一个状态向另一个状态的变化。get: 常指某人或某物有意无意地获得引起变化的因素，结果使变成另一状态。grow: 常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。turn: 侧重指变得与原来截然不同，有时含贬义。go: 作为连系动词，通常与形容词连用，指进入某种状态，从而发生变化，多指不好的状态。come: 侧重变化的经过或

11、过程，多用于不良情况。词组 | 习惯用语grow up 成长，逐渐形成grow in 增加；在方面成长grow old 变老grow into 成长为；长大到能穿着；变得成熟有经验grow on 加深影响；引起爱好grow together 一起成长，共同成长；长在一起；长合，愈合；混合grow from 由长大，由发展起来grow out 出，发芽；拉架子grow out of 产生于；因长大而丢弃；长得太高大grow rice 种水稻grow vegetables 种蔬菜grow flowers 种花；栽花5：attend1.vt. 出席；上（大学等）；照料；招待；陪伴 2. vi. 出席

12、；照料；照顾；致力于词组习惯用语attender n. 出席者；按规定常到的人；常客attending adj. （医生）主治的; n. 主治医生; v. 参加；注意，听；照顾；（作为结果、情况）伴随（attend 的现在分词）;attended v. 参加；注意；照料（attend的过去分词）；伴随attend school 上学；去上学attended mode 连接方式attended operation 计 值班操作；参与操作attending physician 主治医生attend university 上大学attend court 出庭attend class 上课6：adva

13、ncevt. & vi. (使)前进, (使)发展; 促进，提高, 提升vt. 提出，提前，预付, 贷(款项等)n. 前进, 发展, 改进, 进步，增长, 提高，借款, 预付款, 贷款adj. 预先的, 在前的，预先做好的; 预先供给的时 态: advanced, advancing, advances 名 词: advancer近义词：n. change of location, travel, transformation, transmutation, shift, suggestion, propositionv. travel, go, move, locomote, propose

14、, suggest, adviseadj. early, 反义词：n. recede, fall back, retire, backn. middle, late, 解析：advance: 主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。 progress: 指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。proceed: 侧重指继续前进。move on: 非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。go: 最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。7：career n. 事业，职业；生涯词组习惯用语careers n. 职业；事业；职业生涯（ca

15、reer 的复数）; v. （不加控制地）猛冲；全速前进（career 的第三人称单数）;Career Path 职业道路careers fair 人才市场；职业招聘会career counselling 职业咨询career training 职业训练; 劳经 就业训练;career choice 职业选择；事业选择；选择职业career plateau 职业高原；职业生涯高原career guidance 就业指导；就业辅导career goal 事业目标career stages 事业阶段；生涯阶段8：degreen. 程度，等级；度；学位；阶层近义词：n. property, stat

16、e, award, accolade, honor, honour, laurels解析：class: 含义广泛，指人或物按优劣划分的等级，也指学校中的年级或班级。degree: 指程度、范围不同，社会地位的高低。也可指形容词或副词的级。grade: 指按地位或优劣划分的等级，既可指人又可指物。rank: 指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔。词组 | 习惯用语degree of 的程度；的学位high degree 高度；高地位bachelor degree 学士学位；大学本科学位证书a certain degree 到某种程度in some degree 在某种程度上master d

17、egree 硕士学位；研究生bachelors degree 学士学位masters degree n. 硕士学位college degree 大学文凭；大学学位to some degree 在某种程度上；有点，稍微university degree 大学学历；本科学历to a degree 在某种程度上，在一定程度上；非常in ones degree 按照其本身的情况(或程度)degree of freedom 自由度to what degree 达到何种程度，如何degree of automation 自动化程度degree of difficulty 难度系数，难度degree of

18、satisfaction 满意度vacuum degree 真空度degree of accuracy 精确度9：support vt. 支撑; 撑扶; 托住; 支持，维持，赞助; 赞成; 供养，经常光顾; 为捧场，忍受n. 支撑, 承受, 支持, 赞助；支撑物, 支柱, 支座, 支架；给予帮助同情的人；支持者, 拥护者时 态: supported, supporting, supports 近义词：n. activity, aid, assist, assistance, help, influence, operationv. give, approve, O.K., okay, sanc

19、tion, agree, hold解析：help: 最普通用词，可以与aid和assistance换用。help强调使受助者达到目的或侧重受助者对帮助的需要。aid: 比help正式，侧重受助者处于困难或危险境地急需救助。assistance: 正式用词，通常指帮助完成不太重要的那一部分工作。support: 强调在迫切需要时给予支持或鼓励。10：sacrifice牺牲，供俸，祭品词组习惯用语sacrifice n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉; vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售; vi. 献祭；奉献;offer sacrifices 祭祀sacrifice fly n. （美）牺牲高飞球长打sacrifi

20、ce hit 牺牲打sacrifice sale 贸易 亏本出售；贸易 大甩卖sacrifice bunt n. 牺牲短打human sacrifice 人祭；活人献祭sacrifice to 牺牲，献出；献祭，供奉supreme sacrifice 最大牺牲at the sacrifice of 以牺牲为代价11：witnessn. 目击者; 证人，证词; 证据vt. 亲眼看见, 目击，作证, 证明，表示, 说明时 态: witnessed, witnessing, witnesses 近义词：n. perceiver, percipient, observer, beholder, spe

21、aker, talker, uttererv. watch, experience, undergo, see, go through解析：look: 侧看“重”的动作。see: 指看见。watch: 指用眼睛跟随某物，以便对每一个变化、运动等进行观察。observe: 侧重以客观的态度进行观察。witness: 指当场看见，亲眼看见。词组 | 习惯用语bear witness 证明，作证as witness 以为证明in witness whereof 以资证明；作为其证据expert witness 鉴定证人material witness 重要证人with a witness 古语极端地；毫无疑问地star witness 主要证人eye witness 目击者，见证人