阅读“七选五”之逻辑衔接Logical-Coherence-in-Gap-Filling课件.ppt

1、 解题解题策略策略设空位置设空位置（结构）（结构）段落小标题段落小标题概括性短语概括性短语段首段首主题句主题句段中段中过渡句过渡句段尾段尾总结概括句总结概括句词汇对应词汇对应（内容）（内容）相同相同/相近相近/相反语义对应相反语义对应/词场词场代词对应代词对应句际关系句际关系（逻辑）（逻辑）?Step Review上下文语境上下文语境Step II:Warm-up1.My mother is an ordinary housewife.2.She was sitting there,watching TV.3.I found her weeping.4.I told her a funny s

2、tory.She连句成篇连句成篇(要求：可以添加一些词与句，使其成为一个有趣的故事）要求：可以添加一些词与句，使其成为一个有趣的故事）1.My mother is an ordinary housewife.2.She was sitting there,watching TV.3.I found her weeping.4.I told her a funny story.She1.My mother is an ordinary housewife.2.She was sitting there,watching TV.3.I found her weeping.4.I told her

3、a funny story.She逻辑关系并列递进关系并列递进关系转折对比关系转折对比关系因果关系因果关系概括总结关系概括总结关系时间顺序关系时间顺序关系解释例证关系解释例证关系解释例证关系解释例证关系是指后面的句子对前面是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释（是什么？怎么做？）、的句子作解释（是什么？怎么做？）、引申（有本意引出新意）、例证（举引申（有本意引出新意）、例证（举例说明）、使意思更加明了，具体。例说明）、使意思更加明了，具体。考查形式：考查形式：归纳归纳(从例子到观点从例子到观点)和推和推理理(从观点到例子从观点到例子)两种两种。（1）What is your logical rela

4、tion between your choice and sentences(before and after blank)in your materials?（2）What are commonly used linking words in this logical relation?(There are six different practices for different groups.Then I will ask one representive of your group to give me your groups answer).Do the exercises and

5、discuss with your group partners.Step III:Example1Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.1 .A.But dont worr

6、y if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.B.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.C.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.解释说明解释说明:in fact;in other words,or rather（更确切的说更确切的说)for example,for instance,as a matter of

7、 fact,actually,that is(to say)解释说明解释说明 Explanation and examples should be closely related to the statement.Example2Approach money lessons with openness and honesty.1 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money,explain,“You have enough toy trucks for now.”Or,if the request is for many diffe

8、rent things,say.“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”Examples A.Tell your child why he can-or cannot-have certain things.B.Permit the child to choose between them.C.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.MethodOver the last 25 years,British socie

9、ty has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have.1 .Ideas about social class whether a person is“working-class”or“middle-class”are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.A.In some ways,however,very little has changed,particularly where attitudes are concerned.B.Such changes

10、could be apparent in the whole society.Example1转折关键词：but,however,yet,nevertheless,still,whereas,on the contrary,by contrast,in comparison,instead,otherwise,etc.转折对比转折对比 Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful.As we age,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit and that

11、 can be a very annoying thing.1 .Read on for some techniques worth trying.Example2A.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.B.Some of us may even feel anxious and easily get angry.带感情色彩的副词：带感情色彩的副词：unfortunately,luckily,surprisingly,转折转折对比对比关系关系转折对比常用关系词：转折对比常用关系词：but

12、,however,yet,nevertheless,still,whereas,by contrast,on the contrary,in comparison,instead,otherwise,etc.带感情色彩的副词带感情色彩的副词:unfortunately,luckily,surprisingly,etc.At first I was paid in candy.1 I worked every day after school,and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m.to 7 p.m.My fat

13、her helped me set up a bank accountA.Later I received 50 cents an hour.B.Before long,she let me sit there by myself.C.I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.D.Today I still carry that lesson with me:I listen to customers.时间顺序关系时间顺序关系:指各句子只能按事物发展的过程指各句子只能按事物发展的过程有先而后的顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常有先而后的顺序排

14、列，不可随意改变次序，通常出现于记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中。出现于记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中。常用连接词：常用连接词：first,next,then,later,after that,afterwards,eventually,etc.时间顺序时间顺序Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.1 And supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries

15、.A.The music gives them extra energy.B.Music is playing in the background.C.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.D.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.并列递进关系：指句与句之间处于平等并列的地指句与句之间处于平等并列的地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题，可以改变次序。问题，可以改变次序。常用联系词：常用联系词：and,also,fur

16、ther,moreover,whats more,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also.并列递进并列递进It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.1 The best friendships are the ones that grow

17、 naturally.A.Making new friends comes easy for some people.B.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.C.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.因果关系连接词：因果关系连接词：so,therefore,thus,hence,as a result,consequently.因果关系因果关系 A serious problem for todays society is.I would lik

18、e to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.First,employers should take responsibility for their retired employees.Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual.In addition,the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly.1 ,it i

19、s reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.A.To sum up,all these options have advantages and disadvantages.B.Its unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility.C.To make this possib

20、le,a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose.概括总结：概括总结：to sum up,in short,in summary,in general,toconclude,in conclusion,in brief,on the whole概括总结概括总结解解题题策策略略设空位置设空位置（结构）（结构）段落小标题段落小标题概括性短语概括性短语段首段首主题句主题句段中段中过渡句过渡句段尾段尾总结概括句总结概括句词汇对应词汇对应（内容）（内容）相同相同/相近相近/相反语义对应相反语义对应代词对应代词对应句际关系句际关

21、系（逻辑）（逻辑）Step VI:Summary解释例证解释例证转折对比转折对比并列递进并列递进顺序因果顺序因果概括总结关系概括总结关系时间顺序关系时间顺序关系They are combined in the sentences上下文语境上下文语境漳州分校Zhangzhou Branch Campus of Xiamen Shuangshi Middle School 勤勤 毅毅 信诚信诚StepV:Apply the approaches Choose five sentences for possible gap filling according to the logical coher

22、ence in each paragraph.1.Exchange your ideas with your group members.2.Present the best design,why?Things to remember before moving to New York City Before you move to any city,it is best to know a little about the city.So,reading up on the New Yorks history,facts and figures,statistics,facilities i

23、s always a good idea.Learn about the culture,how to deal with people,manners,and so on.It is always best to know what exactly you are getting into rather than landing there and getting a complete shock.Before you buy your clothes or shoes,you always try them on first,right?In the same way,before you

24、 move to New York,you need to visit it for a couple of days,so that you can see what the city is like.Take a tour of the city and try to imagine yourself living there.The best and worst thing about New York is that this city is controlled by money.To start with,you will need to make a budget.Then,yo

25、u need to set aside an amount for emergencies only.If you are moving to New York with a job,or planning to get a job once you are in the city,then you need to make sure that your salary covers up all your expenses and the amount that you set aside for emergencies.Finding a neighborhood in New York i

26、s the key to actually enjoying your stay there.If you are moving to the city due to work,then look for accommodation close to your workplace.You need to decide what kind of neighborhoods you want.Do you want to live in a place that is quiet,like the Upper West Side or the Upper East Side,or do you w

27、ant noisy set-ups,like the East Village,the Lower East Side,or the West Village?Give the city a chance to make some good memories,and enjoy your stay there.Be safe wherever you go,and dont worry too much.Once you are in New York,you never want to leave.Color is fundamental in home design something y

28、oull always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a room thats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36 ,color is the key to making a room feel t

29、he way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37 ,they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the

30、 medium ones,and the large ones.38 .Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significant

31、benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves.39 .They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the

32、walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40 .A.While all of them are useful.B.Whatever youre looking for.C.If youre experimenting with a color.D.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with.E.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces.F.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first time.G.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways.Homework