2022人教版英语八年级上册unit1--2考点梳理.docx

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、重点短语1. go on vacation 去度假2. go shopping 购物3. go out 外出(娱乐)4. buy sth. for sb.(= buy sb. sth.) 给某人买某物5. go to summer camp 去夏令营6. go to the beach 去海滩7. go to the mountains 去爬山8. keep a diary 记日记9. long time no see 好久不见10. most of the time 大多数时间11. study for tests

2、 备考12. feed hens 喂母鸡13. quite a few 相当多；不少14. visit museums 参观博物馆15. visit my uncle 拜访我叔叔16. stay at home 待在家17. taste good 尝起来不错18. in the countryside 在乡下19. Bye for now！再见了！20. along the way 沿途21. another two hours( 另外两个小时22. because of 因为23. the next day 第二天24. feel like 给的感觉；感受到25. find out 查明；弄

3、清26. come up 升起27. in the past 在过去28. take photos 照相29. too many people太多的人30. try doing sth. 试着做某事31. walk around 四处走走32. arrive in(= get to) 到达33. walk up to the top 走到顶部34. rain hard 雨下得很大35. bring back 带回来36. jump up and down in excitement 兴奋地跳来跳去37. learn something important 学一些重要的东西38. have a

4、fun time 玩得非常开心39. in the shopping center 在购物中心40. keep doing sth. 继续做某事二. 重点句型1. Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了？I went to New York City. 我去了纽约城。2. Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗？No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。3. Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗？

5、Yes, I bought something for my father. 对，我给父亲买了一些东西。4. How was the food? 食物怎么样？Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。5. Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗？Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。6. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.晚上除了读书以外无事可做。三、习惯用法buy sth. for sb. / bu

6、y sb. sth.为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来.look+adj.看起来seem+ (to be) + adj. 看起来.nothing. but+动词原形 除.之外什么都没有arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth. 决定去做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事try to do sth. 尽力去做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事want to do sth. 想去做某事start doing sth. 开

7、始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事keep doing sth. 继续做某事Why not do sth.?为什么不做.呢?so+adj.+that+从句 如此.以至于.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事四、词语辨析1. anywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere“任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere“在某处，到某处”，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near her

8、e.2. seem +形容词，“看起来”You seem happy today.seem+to do sth.似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold.It seems/seemed从句看起来好像.；似乎.It seems that no one believe you.seem like 好像，似乎.It seems like a good idea.3. decide to do sth. 决定做某事They decide to visit the museum.decide +疑问词+动词不定式He can not decide when to leave.4. st

9、art doing sth .= start to do开始，可与begin互换。He started doing his homework.但以下几种情况不能用begin：（1）创办，开办: He started a new bookshop last month.（2）机器开动：I cant start my car.（3）出发，动身: I will start tomorrow morning.5. over（1）介词，多于，超过，在.以上(表示数目、程度)My father is over 40 years old .（2）.之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under 相反。The pla

10、n is flying over the montains.（3）超过：There are over 60 students in the class.（4）遍及：I want to travel all over the world.6. too many太多，后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do.Dont talk too much.much too太，修饰形容词或副词。The hat is much too big for

11、me.You re walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀:too much, much too用法区别看后头:much后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。too many要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.五重点语法一一般过去时1.一般过去时的结构1.1、肯定形

12、式:主语+动词过去式+其他例句：She often came to help us in those days.1.2、否定形式：was/were+not；在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词例句：I didnt know you like coffee.1.3、一般疑问句：Did+主语+谓语动词原型+其他？ Was/Were+主语+表语?Did you work?2、一般过去时的基本用法2.1.表示过去确定时间内发生的动作或状态My parents got married in1960.我父母于1960年结婚。What did you say just now? 你刚才说什么来着?2.

13、2.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。I never overslept.我过去从未睡过头。I used to go to the cinema a lot，but I never get the time now.我过去常去看电影，可现在总是抽不出时间来。3、一般过去时时间状语3.1. yesterday/yesterday morning/the day before yesterday3.2. two days/weeks/months/years ago3.3. last night/ Spring/week/month/year3.4. just

14、now（刚才），in the past(在过去），in 19203.5. the other day（前几天），once upon a time（过去曾经），in the old days（过去的日子里），one day(一天）long long ago(很久很久以前）4. 动词的过去式分为规则动词和不规则动词两种：4.1规则动词的过去式:（1）一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed，如：wanted；played（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d。如：hoped；lived（3）重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed.如：stopped（4）以辅音字

15、母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed，如：studied；worried（5）以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-ed，如：played；enjoyed 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住，清后t， 元浊d，td之后读id。清辅音后，ed要读t。如：worked，finished元音或浊辅音后，ed要读d。如：lived，calledt或d后，ed读id。如：started，needed4.2.不规则动词的过去式:4.2.1. A-A-A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 割,切hit hithit

16、 打let let let 让put put put 放下read read read 读hurt hurt hurt 伤4.2.2. A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形）动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词beat beat beaten 打4.2.3. A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词come came come 来become became become 变run ran run跑4.2.4. A -B -B型（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词burn burnt burnt 燃烧lear

17、n learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思hear heardheard 听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借给lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spentspent 花费（3）其他动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词pay paid paid 付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说bring brought br

18、ought 带来buy bought bought买think houghtthought 想sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教feel felt felt 觉得fight fought fought 战斗find found fou

19、nd 发现get got got/gotten 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死 / 挂have had had 有hold held held 盛,握leave left left 离开make made made 制造meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻sit sat sat 坐dig dug dug 挖4.2.5. A-B-C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）（1）在动词原形后加

20、-n或-en构成过去分词.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下steal stole stolen 偷give gave given 给freeze froze frozen 冻结take took taken 拿see saw seen 看见write wrote written 写ride rode ridden 骑drive drove driven 驾驶throw threw thrown 抛,扔blow blew blown 吹grow grew grown 生长know knew known 知道fly flew

21、flown 飞draw drew drawn 拉,绘画show showed shown 展示（2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词speak spoke spoken 说话break broke broken 破碎,折断wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒choose chose chosen 选择forget forgot forgotten 忘记（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词begin began begun 开始ring rang r

22、ung 按铃sing sang sung 唱sink sank sunk 沉swim swam swum 游泳drink drank drunk 饮（4）其他不规则动词的变化.动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词be(am, is) was/ were been 是be(are) were been 是do did done 做go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺wear wore worn 穿二不定代词1. 含义不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。2.分类2.1普通不定代词some与anysome和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。

23、some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。many与muchmany修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。either与neithereither指两个人或物中的一个；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，常构成固定搭配either/neither of名词/代词的复数谓语动词(第三人称单数形式)；当either.or.和neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在

24、人称和数上保持一致。both与allboth表示“两者都”，常与and连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”，常与of连用。each与everyeach和every都表示“每一个”。each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；every强调整体情况；修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可指两个或两个以上的人或物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或物。(a) few与(a) little(a)few和(a) little具有名词或形容词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。(a) few与复数可数名词连用；(a) little与不可数名词连用。few和little表示否定，指

25、“几乎没有”，在反意疑问句中尤其要注意；a few和a little指“有一些”，相当于some。other，the other，others与anotherother作形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，常用在单数或复数名词的前面；the other表示已知两个人或事物中的另外一个，表示特指，常与one连用；others表示泛指，意为“其他的人或物”，常用于some.，others.结构中；the others表示特指，意为“其他的人或物”；another表示三者或三者以上的另外一个。22复合不定代词在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody，nobody，anyo

26、ne等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词they；当陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything，anything，something，nothing等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。something important一些重要的事情 everbody else其他所有人everyone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one既可指人也可指物，还可以和of连用。 some, any构成的复合不定代词时,some的复合不定代词多用

27、于肯定句，any的复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some的复合不定代词,不用any的复合不定代词,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。3.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数。六、满分作文My trip to BeijingI had a wonderful trip on my summer vacation. I went to Beijing with my parents this summer. I did many interesting things. First , I went to Tiananme

28、n Square with my parents on the first day. It is great. Then we visited the Great Wall in the afternoon. The next day we ate Beijing Duck for lunch.I enjoyed the delicious food and the beautiful sight in Beijing, I felt tired but happy.北京之旅我有一个美妙的旅行在我的暑假。今年夏天我和父母去了北京。我做了很多有趣的事情。首先，我去了天安门广场和我的父母在第一天。

29、它是伟大的。然后我们在下午参观了长城。第二天中午我们吃了北京烤鸭。我享受了美味的食物和美丽的景色在北京，我感到累但高兴。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?【重点单词】housework haswk n.家务劳动hardly hdli adv.几乎不；简直不；刚刚ever ev(r) adv.曾经；在任何时候once wns adv.一次；曾经twice twas adv.两倍；两次Internet ntnet n.因特网program prrm n.节目；程序；课程；节目单full fl adj.满的；充满的；完全的swing sw n.摇摆；秋千 v.摇摆；旋

30、转maybe mebi adv.或许；也许；可能least list adj.最小的；最少的junk dk n.垃圾；废旧杂物coffee kfi n.咖啡；咖啡色health hel n.健康；人的身体或精神状态result rzlt n.结果；后果percent psent adj.百分之的online nlan adj.在线的 adv.在线地television telvn n.电视机；电视节目although l conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是through ru prep.穿过；凭借；一直到body bdi n.身体mind mand n.头脑；想法；意见；心思such st ad

31、j.这样的；如此的together te(r) adv.共同；一起die da v.死；枯竭；消失writer rat(r) n.作者；作家dentist dentst n.牙科医生magazine mzin n.杂志however haev(r) adv.然而；无论如何；不管多么than n conj.比almost lmst adv.几乎；差不多none nn pron.没有人；没有任何东西；毫无less les adj.更少的；较少的point pnt n.看法；要点；重点；小数点；目标；分数【重点短语】1. help with housework 帮助做家务活2. go shoppin

32、g 去购物3. on weekends 在周末4. how often 多久一次5. hardly ever 几乎不6. once a week 每周一次7. twice a month 每月两次8. go to the movies 去看电影9. every day 每天10. use the Internet 上网11. be free 有空12. have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈和钢琴课13. swing dance 摇摆舞14. play tennis 打网球15. stay up late 熬夜16. at least 至少17. go to bed

33、early 早睡18. play sports 锻炼身体19. be good for 对有好处20. go camping 去野营21. in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间22. not.at all 根本不23. the most popular 最流行的24. such as 例如25. go to the dentist 去看牙医26. less than 少于；不到27. more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常28. junk food 垃圾食品；无营养食品【重点句型】1. I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一个

34、月看一次电影。2. How often does he watch TV?他多久看一次电视？He hardly ever watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。3. Do you go shopping? 你购物吗？No, I never go shopping. 不，我从不购物。4. Here are the results.下面就是结果。5. Old habits die hard. 旧习惯难改。6. We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.我们发现仅仅百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。7. We

35、 all know that many students often go online; we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.我们都知道很多学生经常上网；我们很吃惊他们中有百分之九十的人每天上网。8. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏节目是最受欢迎的。9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.通过上网或看游戏节目来放松很好，但是我们认为最好的放松方式还是通过锻炼。10. Its healthy for the mind and the body.对身心都很健康。11. So start exercising before its too late!所以趁现在还不晚，开始锻炼吧！