2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用03(解析版).docx

1、2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用03解析版基础盘点自测自评05重点词汇拓展词汇1.mix v混合mixture n混合物2.electricity n电electric adj.电的；用电的electrical adj.与电有关的；用电的3.conclude vt.推论出；断定conclusion n结论4.aim n.目标；目的aimless adj.无目的的；没有目标的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；无目标地5.react vi.(化学)反应reaction n反应6.equip vt.装备；配备equipment n设备；装备7.astonish vt.使惊讶aston

2、ishment n惊愕astonished adj.吃惊的；惊愕的astonishing adj.令人惊讶的；使人惊奇的语境活用1.Every classroom in our school is equipped with modern equipment(equip)2.The reaction showed us how the company reacted to the need of the customer.(react)3.In my opinion, each of us should have an aim of our own.But some of us lead an

3、 aimless life every day.(aim)4.To our astonishment, the famous star died.Thats to say, we were astonished at the news of her sudden death, and it was really astonishing(astonish)5.Jack said he could conclude from Janes expression that Jane had stolen his money.But everyone knew Jack always jumped to

4、 a conclusion without any evidence to support his conclusionIn conclusion, nobody was likely to believe Jane was a thief.(conclude)深谙构词法高考英语ure & ture结尾名词全扫描exposeexposure 暴露，揭露failfailure失败please（使高兴）pleasure 愉快，快乐presspressure压力architectarchitecture 建筑departdeparture离开；出发furnishfurniture 家具，设备mixm

5、ixture混合,混合物signsignature 署名，签字高考英语-less后缀结尾的形容词荟萃breathbreathless气喘吁吁地hopehopeless绝望的endendless 没完没了的 carecareless粗心的guiltguiltless 无罪的，无辜的harmharmless无害的helphelpless无助的powerpowerless 无权的，无能为力的shameshameless 无耻的，厚颜的useuseless无用的对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练五I.单句语法填空1.Jane moved aimlessly (aim) down the treeline

6、d street, not knowing where she was heading.2.People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced (balance) diet to satisfy their nutritional needs.3.Supposing/Suppose(suppose) that there was an earthquake, what would be the right way to escape? 4.The government is supposed to take effective (ef

7、fect) measures to protect the environment.5.I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words as well as your reaction (react)6.I soon came to the conclusion (conclude) that he could not afford to buy a house.7. Would you like to drink some coffee with some sugar or milk?Oh，Id like some milk add

8、ed (add) to the coffee.8.It is uncertain (certain)whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not.9.The more you listen to English, the easier (easy) youll feel in speaking English.10.When it comes to adaptation (adapt) , it is important to understand that climate change is a process. 单句改错1.Hear

9、ing that our country has successfully launched Shenzhou XIspaceship, we offered our congratulation. congratulationcongratulations2.Although astonishing at what he heard, Peter didnt say anything. astonishingastonished 3.Our school has been given some new teaching equipments since 2019. equipmentsequ

10、ipment 4.The apartments are so expensive that they are hard for ordinarily people to buy. ordinarilyordinary5.I cant tell you how delighting I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me. delightingdelightedIII.短文语法填空A report says about fifty million to seventy million Americans have sleep p

11、roblems. It says many more are suffering from lack of sleep.A study has examined 1. we need sleep and the effects of sleep loss. The study shows American businesses lose millions of dollars a year because of tired workers. Some 2. (employ) are too tired to report for work. They have more accidents o

12、r are 3. (little) productive at work. Other costs include increased visits 4. doctors.The study finds that 20% of injuries 5. (cause) by car accidents are linked to sleepy drivers. Other studies have linked poor sleep to a risk of health problems like heart disease, depression and 6. (healthy) amoun

13、ts of body fat. Researchers say the reason for this link is unclear.Many experts say 7. large amount of sleep is as important to health as diet and exercise. They say most people need seven to nine hours of sleep each night. Less than that can influence 8. mental and physical abilities. It can lead

14、to more serious problems, including severe sleeplessness. People with this condition temporarily stop 9. (breathe) while they sleep.Researchers suggest the public 10. (inform) of the problem and take steps to prevent sleep disorders.【解题导语】充足的睡眠同饮食和健康一样重要。本文主要介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。1why解

15、析：考查宾语从句。一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。2employees解析：考查名词。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。some employees“一些员工”。employee“雇员，雇工”；employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。3less解析：考查形容词的比较级。工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。4to解析：考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。5caused解析：考查非谓语动

16、词。cause和它所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。6unhealthy解析：考查形容词。其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与患心脏病、抑郁和不健康的体内脂肪含量等这样的健康问题的风险联系了起来。空处修饰名词amounts且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。7a解析：考查冠词。a large amount of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。8both/their解析：考查代词。少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“不仅而且”。或结合上文中的“most

17、 people”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。9breathing解析：考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。10(should) be informed解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，且should可以省略。另外，the public与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填(should) be informed。IV.短文改错Dear Peter，Im very

18、 glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood，the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation，our private car will make your v

19、isit easy.Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities，Im sure you will have no trouble communicate with them.Above all，they hosted the American student last year，through that they gained lots of experience.In addition to，the hostess cooking will guarante

20、e you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with. in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood，the house big enough to enable

21、you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation, private car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak English and have outgoing personalities，Im sure you will have no trouble with them. Above all，they hosted American student last year，throug

22、h they gained lots of experience. In addition ，the cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours，Li Hua基础盘点自测自评06重点词汇拓展词汇1.access n接近；通路 vt.接近；存取accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的2.defence n保护；防卫defend v防护；防卫3.create vt.创造；发明creation n创造(力

23、)creative adj.有创造性的4.invent v发明invention n发明inventor n发明者5.permit vt.允许 n许可证permission n许可6.concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)concentration n集中；专心7.depend v依靠；依赖independent adj.独立的independence n独立8.frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的frequently adv.时常；经常frequency n出现率；重复率9.advantage n优点；长处disadvantage n弊端；缺点语境活用1.Fallen

24、rocks cut off the only access to the village, so it is not accessible to outside now.(access)2.Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permitWithout her fathers permission, she had no choice but to go out by bus or on a bike.(permit)3.Mr.Smith, an inventor,

25、 has invented many useful things and has made much money from his inventions(invent)4.Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)5.Most of us are longing to be independent from our parents, because our independence shows th

26、at weve grown up but when meeting with difficulties,well have to depend on our parents.(depend)深谙构词法高考英语-(t)ion结尾的名词全扫描act-action 行动adapt-adaption 适应性affect-affection 喜爱assume-assumption 设想，假定，担任attract-attraction吸引;吸引人的事物collect-collection 收藏品，收藏compete-competition竞争connect-connection联系，连接contradic

27、t-contradiction反驳，矛盾correct-correction 纠正，修正construct-construction建设contribute-contribution 贡献describe-description 描述devote-devotion 奉献，忠诚direct-direction 指导，方向edit-edition 版本，版次evolve-evolution 进化， 演变indicate-indication 表明，暗示instruct-instruction 命令，指示intend-intention意图，目的introduce-introduction 介绍in

28、vent-invention 发明，创造pollute-pollution 污染predict-prediction 预言promote-promotion提升，提拔solve-solution 解决方案suggest-suggestion建议对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练六I.单句语法填空1.The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and its accessible (access) through a computer.2.Speaking on the phone requires concent

29、ration (concentrate) and takes a drivers attention from the road.3.They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area without permission (permit)4.The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly (blind).5.Jim moved aimlessly (aim) d

30、own the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.6.All our projects aim to promote the development (develop) of poor and remote communities.7.Earth Day, marked on April 22nd, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness (aware) about environmental protection.8.Aimed at encouraging

31、 young teachers, the competition (compete)was started by the school.9.People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced diet to satisfy their nutritional (nutrition) needs.10.For football and basketball,adding talented (talent) players to a team proves a good method.单句改错1.We should speak Engli

32、sh frequent in order to improve our spoken English. frequentfrequently2.The Internet contains a lot of useful information, making it easy for us to get knowledge. easyeasier3.There are too many games designed for children, and some children play games so frequent that they cant concentrate on their

33、studies. frequentfrequently4.Lacking sleep caused him poor memory and poor concentrate. concentrateconcentration5.Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through fail. failfailuresIII.短文语法填空Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a natural landscape on a small scale and emphasize

34、the perfect harmony between man and nature.A Chinese garden 1. (be) like a scroll(卷轴) painting，2. (show) a series of carefully composed scenes. New views are revealed as one walks along the pathways. In the gardens, 3. most frequently meet the eye are winding paths that seemingly lead to nowhere. Th

35、ere, a path seems to end, but all of 4. sudden, a new world is rolled out before you: pavilions(亭子), rock formations and spring waterall combined to provide a pleasant surprise! At the 5. (enter) to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall 6. (use) to screen your view so as to later p

36、roduce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall. A Chinese garden may have windows on all 7. (it) four walls. And it is 8. (interest) that, through the windows, visitors may see different views from different angles, and thus the composition of the garden becomes enlarged.A Chinese garden

37、is a place where culture is both created and enjoyed. All plants mark the shift of 9. (season)Similarly, water, a symbol of the everchanging，10. rocks, a symbol of the eternal(永恒的), create a harmonious balance of natures yin and yang.【解题导语】该文主要对中国古典园林设计进行了简要的介绍。1is解析：考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为A Chinese garden

38、, 谓语动词应用单数形式， 又因为整篇文章用的都是一般现在时，故用is。2showing解析：考查非谓语动词。show和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词连接，且和句子的主语A Chinese garden构成逻辑上的主谓关系， 故用现在分词作状语。3what解析：考查名词性从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知， 空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语， 表示物的概念， 故应填what。4a解析：考查冠词。all of a suddensuddenly, 意为“突然”， 为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。5entrance/entry解析：考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知， 此处应用名词形式， 表示“入口”

39、，故用entrance/entry。6used解析：考查非谓语动词。use和句子的谓语is之间没有连词连接， 故用非谓语， 又因为和其逻辑主语a huge stone or wall之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7its解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知， 空处在此处作定语， 修饰名词walls, 故用形容词性物主代词its。8interesting解析：考查形容词。此处是固定句型：it is形容词that., it作形式主语， that引导的从句是真正的主语。故此处应用interest的形容词形式interesting。9seasons解析：考查名词单复数。season是可数名词，

40、 且其前没有限定词， 表示泛指， 故用其复数形式。10and解析：考查连词。根据语境可知， 空处前后为逻辑上的并列关系， 故用连词and。IV.短文改错When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. See the images of ice melting and the polar bears habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I begin to realize it was important to do what we can save

41、 the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she immediate agreed to get it. Besides, she got for me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste papers and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, so I feel like I am making the big difference.答案：When

42、 I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. the images of ice melting and the polar habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she agreed to get . Besides, she got me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, I feel like I am making big difference.