2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用02(解析版).docx

1、2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用02解析版基础盘点自测自评03重点词汇拓展词汇1.distance n距离distant adj.远的；冷淡的2.abandon vt.抛弃；遗弃abandoned adj.被遗弃的3.product n产品produce v生产production n生产，产量4.fright n惊吓frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓frightened adj.受惊的；恐惧的frightening adj.引起恐惧的；令人恐惧的5.interview n面试；面谈interviewer n(面试时的) 主考官；面谈者6.exhaust vt.使疲惫不堪exhau

2、sted adj.疲惫不堪的exhausting adj.令人疲惫不堪的语境活用1.The medicine the factory produced had many side effects, which proved that the product was harmful.Therefore，the factory stopped its production(product)2.Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.When

3、ever she thought of it, she was trembling with fright(frighten)3.The long cycle ride exhausted my aunt.On arriving home, she was so exhausted that she went to bed and fell asleep immediately.The cycle ride was really exhausting(exhaust)4.This abandoned boy is abandoning himself to taking drugs now.(

4、abandon)深谙构词法高考英语以t结尾的形容词将-t改为ce后变为名词集锦absentabsence 缺席，没有 abundantabundance 大量，充足 confidentconfidence 信心 consequentconsequence 结果，影响consistentconsistence 一致性convenientconvenience 方便，便利differentdifference 差异 distantdistance 距离，远方elegant-elegance 典雅，高雅 fragrantfragrance 香味，芬芳ignorantignorance 忽视indep

5、endentindependence 独立，自主innocentinnocence 清白，无罪intelligentintelligence 智力，聪明，智能importantimportance 重要性patientpatience 耐性，耐心presentpresence 出席，参加resistantresistance 抵抗significantsignificance 意义，重要性silentsilence 沉默violentviolence 暴力对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练三I.单句语法填空1.I encountered many hikers who were headed t

6、o a distant (distance) campground with just enough time to get there before dark.2.Im not sure who is more frightened (frighten), me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.3.A sudden stop can be a very frightening (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at hi

7、gh speed.4.After his journey from foreign countries, Jones returned home, exhausted(exhaust) but very happy.5.As you know, at a distance (distant) of one kilometre we cant see things clearly, still less on a foggy day.6.The kind woman has adopted more than ten disabled or sick babies abandoned(aband

8、on) by others since 2019.7.Most of us feel exhausted (exhaust) after working for at least eight hours a day, five days a week.8.After the exhausting long walk, he returned home,exhausted. (exhaust)9.People will suffer the exhaustion (exhaust) of natural resources.10.Regardless of the weather or the

9、distance（distant), Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.II.单句改错1.The frightening look on his face suggested that he saw something frightening. 第一个frighteningfrightened 2.The abandoning children were taken from the streets to the

10、orphanage.(孤儿院) abandoningabandoned3.The police have spent an exhausted day searching the woods. exhaustedexhausting4.She listened with a puzzling expression on her face. puzzlingpuzzled5.A survey of retiring people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life. retiringretired 短文语法填空A b

11、oy found a cocoon(茧) of a butterfly and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body 1. that little hole. Suddenly it stopped 2. (make) any progress because it 3. (stick). So he cut off the remaining part of the cocoon. 4. it had a swollen body and small wings, the butte

12、rfly then came out 5. (easy). The boy waited for the wings to become 6. (large) to support it. But it didnt happen. In fact, it must have 7. hard struggle to get its 8. (free) from the cocoon. The boy didnt understand that the restricting cocoon and the struggle 9. (need) by the butterfly were a way

13、 to prepare itself for flying once it was out of the cocoon.Our struggles in life develop our strength, without 10. we never get stronger, so its important for us to handle challenges on our own, and not to rely on others for help.【解题导语】本文是一篇人生哲理类夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述一个故事抒发了自己的人生感悟：人只有奋斗才能变得更加强大。1through解析：考

14、查介词。蝴蝶挣扎着迫使它的身体穿过那个小洞，表示“穿过”要用介词through。2making解析：考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.的意思是“停止做某事”，其中的doing是动名词作宾语。3stuck解析：考查动词的时态。突然，它停止了继续挣扎，因为它卡住了。根据stopped可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填stuck。4Although/Though解析：考查连词。虽然它的身体肿胀，翅膀很小，但是它很容易就出来了。两个句子之间是一种逻辑上的让步关系，故填Although/Though。5easily解析：考查副词。空处用来修饰前面的动词短语came out，作状语，因此要用副词形

15、式。6larger解析：考查形容词比较级。上文讲到蝴蝶的翅膀很小，等到它出来之后，男孩等着它的翅膀变得更大。所以要用形容词的比较级larger来作系动词become的表语。7a解析：考查冠词。struggle是可数名词，表示“努力，斗争，奋斗”，a hard struggle表示“一场艰苦的奋斗”。8freedom解析：考查名词。空处前面是形容词性物主代词its，形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，所以填名词freedom。9needed解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，而动词need与the restricting cocoon and the struggle之间

16、是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作定语。10which解析：考查定语从句。生活中的奋斗能增强我们的力量，没有这些奋斗，我们就不会变得更强大。空处应用关系代词，放在介词without之后，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词Our struggles，所以要用which。 短文改错I have always been doing volunteer work, so I had never really thought about doing work abroad until I found some informations on this specific trip. There w

17、as a picture attaching to an email, which was sent regarding a trip. It showed two little girls that they needed volunteers. The image makes me fall in love with the idea of going somewhere complete different from my home. What attracted me about the trip was it was to a place Id never visit by myse

18、lf. I wanted to go nowhere that would make me step out into my comfort zone.答案：I have always been doing volunteer work, I had never really thought about doing work abroad until I found some on this specific trip. There was a picture to an email, which was sent regarding trip. It showed two little gi

19、rls that needed volunteers. The image me fall in love with the idea of going somewhere different from my home. What attracted me about the trip was ,that ) it was to a place Id never visit by myself. I wanted to go that would make me step out my comfort zone.基础盘点自测自评04重点词汇拓展词汇1.attract vt.吸引attracti

20、on n吸引；吸引力attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的2.fortune n幸运；运气fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的fortunately adv.幸运地3.employ vt.雇用employer n雇主employee n雇员employment n就业；工作；职业unemployment n失业unemployed adj.失业的；没有工作的4.afford vt.买得起；有能力支付affordable adj.负担得起的5.survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死survivor n幸存者；生还者survival n幸存；残存物语境活用1.The Great

21、 Wall is an attraction, whose scenery is very attractive, and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.(attract)2.Only two passengers survived the air crash.When the two survivors were interviewed, they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)3.It was fortunate for them to make a fortune t

22、rading with foreigners.And more fortunately for them, they were supported by the government.(fortunate)4.There was such great unemployment in the city that some employers are required to employ more employees(employ)深谙构词法高考英语后缀ive形容词大观园高考英语后缀-al名词集锦actactive 积极的；活跃的attractattractive 有吸引力的competecomp

23、etitive 有竞争力的constructconstructive 建设性的createcreative 有创造力的effecteffective 有效的；生效的 expenseexpensive 昂贵的impressimpressive 给人印象深刻的instructinstructive 有教育意义的 approveapproval 赞成:批准arrivearrival 到来；到达betraybetrayal 背叛；辜负proposeproposal 提议；建议reviverevival 复兴；复活；苏醒refuserefusal 拒绝；推却survivesurvival 幸存高考英语后

24、缀-able形容词荟萃acceptacceptable 可接受的accessaccessible 可接近的admire admirable 令人羡慕的adjustadjustable 可调整的affordaffordable 买得起的bearbearable 可忍受的believebelievable 可信的comfortcomfortable 舒适的 considerconsiderable 重要的，值得考虑的curecurable 可以治愈的disagreedisagreeable 令人不快的enjoyenjoyable 使人快乐的fashionfashionable 时髦的 favour

25、favourable 赞成的，有利的reasonreasonable 有道理的，合乎情理的respectrespectable 体面的，得体的suitsuitable 合适的，适宜的valuevaluable 有价值的对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练四 单句语法填空1.Eating out once or twice a week may be affordable(afford) but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher cost on your health.2.The coming technologic

26、al advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably (afford)3.TV shopping is attractive (attract) because you can buy things easily without going out.4.Approaching the abandoned farm, the tourists (tour) saw a sto

27、ne statue of about 10 metres in height, but they didnt know who it was.5.I wont bother to do those tiring but useless (use) things.6.Although his description (describe) sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range.7.Tom has been admitted into Tsinghua University. He will learn architecture (arc

28、hitect).8.Most of the people on the course were professional (profession) women.9.They have set up a student organisation (organise)to help with the campus safety.10.He became unemployed（employ）and had no money to pay for the house. 单句改错1.He came back several days later, safely and sound. safelysafe

29、2.Many weight loss programs seem attracting to people, but few work. attractingattractive3.Both sides agreed to a detailing plan for keeping the peace. detailing detailed4.If he couldnt find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survivesurvivesurvival5Fortunate, people are begin

30、ning to realize how frightening the situation is.FortunateFortunately 短文语法填空The car company Volvo said all its cars 1. (have) an electric motor from 2019.It will stop making cars that use only petrol engines.2. plans to sell five fully electric cars and some hybrid cars(混合动力车) by 2021.Volvo is the f

31、irst big car-maker 3. (stop) making cars with only petrol engines.It said，“People increasingly demand electrified cars，4. we want to respond to our customers current and future needs.”More and more car companies are now selling cars 5. electric engines.The USbased company Tesla makes only allelectri

32、c cars.Its stock market value is now 25 percent 6. (high) than that of Ford Motor Company，which 7. (start) in 1903.Tesla 8. (recent) announced that it will make 20，000 of its Model 3 cars a month by December.Volvo hopes to sell a million electrified cars by 2025.In addition，it hopes to have changed

33、its 9. (factory) to be more environmentally friendly.It hopes to have 10. it calls “climateneutral” manufacturing.Volvo said its plans will mean the company will have one of the widest ranges of electrified cars of any car-maker in the world.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沃尔沃汽车公司为满足顾客对于电动汽车的需求，将于2019年实现全面生产电

34、动汽车。1will have解析：根据句中的时间状语“from2019”可知，该句应用一般将来时态。故填will have。2It解析：分析句子成分可知，此处缺主语，主语指代的是The car company Volvo，所以用it作主语指代沃尔沃汽车公司。故填It。3to stop解析：当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后要用不定式结构作后置定语。本句名词carmaker前有序数词“the first”修饰，故填to stop。4and解析：“人们对电动汽车的需求在不断增加”与“我们想要对客户当前及未来的需求作出回应”两分句之间为顺承关系。故应用并列连词来表示顺承关系。故填and。5with解析：本

35、句句意：越来越多的汽车公司正在销售有电子引擎的汽车。介词with意为“具有，带，有”，符合语境。故填with。6higher解析：根据空后的“than”可知，此处应填该词的比较级。故填higher。7started解析：分析句子结构可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代Ford Motor Company，所以start和它的逻辑主语之间为主动关系，再结合后面的时间状语“in 1903”可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填started。8recently解析：此处表示“最近宣布”，因此用副词形式作状语。故填recently。9factories解析：因为Volvo汽车公司有很

36、多的工厂，所以此处应用其复数形式。故填factories。10what解析：分析句子结构可知，have后缺少宾语成分，因此其后的从句为宾语从句；而宾语从句中谓语动词calls后也缺少宾语，故用what引导该宾语从句，并在从句中充当宾语成分。 短文改错Challenges of life are of great importance in our grow. They remind me my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training. It was the first time I have live

37、d away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict in me. I once thought I couldnt stick to the end. But anyway，I was succeeded. The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life，but the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my lif

38、e. In short, learning to regard the challenges of life as the stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.答案：Challenges of life are of great importance in our .They remind me my days in senior high school I joined in the military training. It was the first time I lived away from my ho

39、me，so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict me. I once thought I couldnt stick to the end. But anyway, I succeeded. The trials made it much for me to adapt to life， the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. In short， to regard the challenges of life as stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.