1、高三英语总复习基础部分高三英语总复习基础部分语法讲解篇语法讲解篇2.5高中英语常用语法高中英语常用语法非谓语动词非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。动词。非谓语动词的基本形式分为三种非谓语动词的基本形式分为三种:to do;doing;done。根据非谓语动词在句中担当的成分根据非谓语动词在句中担当的成分,可归纳为以下要点可归纳为以下要点:一、作主语一、作主语(通常为通常为doing,或或to do形式形式)表一般情况时用表一般情况时用doing,具体一次性动作用具体一次性动作用to do。固定句型固定句型:1.I
2、t takes sb.some time to do sth.某人花费时某人花费时 间做某事间做某事 It took us two hours to finish the job.2.It is+形容词形容词+for/of sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某对某人来说做某事事/某人做某事某人做某事It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.3.It is no use doing sth.做某事无用做某事无用It is no use crying over the spilt
3、 milk.二、作宾语二、作宾语1.介词介词+doingbe used to doing sth.习惯做某事习惯做某事 be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事习惯做某事be devoted to doing sth.致力于做某事致力于做某事devote oneself to doing sth.致力于做某事致力于做某事look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事盼望做某事object to doing sth.反对做某事反对做某事2.只能接不定式作宾语的动词只能接不定式作宾语的动词:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1.想要做某事想要做某事want t
4、o do sth.2.希望做某事希望做某事hope/wish to do sth.3.决心做某事决心做某事determine to do sth.4.决定做某事决定做某事decide/choose to do sth.6.要求做某事要求做某事beg to do sth.7.拒绝做某事拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.8.同意做某事同意做某事agree to do sth.9.允诺做某事允诺做某事promise to do sth.10.计划做某事计划做某事plan to do sth.11.打算做某事打算做某事intend to do sth.12.准备做某事准备做某事prepare
5、 to do sth.13.安排做某事安排做某事arrange to do sth.14.成功做某事成功做某事manage to do sth.15.渴望做某事渴望做某事long to do sth.16.目的在做某事目的在做某事aim to do sth.17.碰巧做某事碰巧做某事happen to do sth.18.没能做成某事没能做成某事fail to do sth.5.主动提出做某事主动提出做某事offer to do sth.19.犹豫做某事犹豫做某事hesitate to do sth.20.愿意做某事愿意做某事would like/love to do sth.21.迫不及待做
6、某事迫不及待做某事cant wait to do sth.22.不遗余力做某事不遗余力做某事spare no effort to do sth.23.尽力做某事尽力做某事try ones best to do sth.24.渴望做某事渴望做某事be eager to do sth.25.急于做某事急于做某事be anxious to do sth.26.应该做某事应该做某事be supposed to do sth.27.负担得起做某事负担得起做某事afford to do sth.28.假装做某事假装做某事pretend to do sth.3.只能接动名词的动词或短语只能接动名词的动词或短
7、语:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1.喜爱做某事喜爱做某事enjoy doing sth.2.完成做某事完成做某事finish doing sth.3.讨厌做某事讨厌做某事dislike doing sth.4.介意做某事介意做某事mind doing sth.5.练习做某事练习做某事practice doing sth.6.持续做某事持续做某事keep doing sth.7.允许做某事允许做某事permit/allow doing sth.8.承认做某事承认做某事admit doing sth.9.考虑做某事考虑做某事consider doing sth.10.建议做某事建议做某事sug
8、gest/advise doing sth.11.避免做某事避免做某事avoid doing sth.12.推迟做某事推迟做某事delay doing sth.13.逃脱做某事逃脱做某事escape doing sth.14.禁止做某事禁止做某事forbid/prohibit doing sth.15.想象做某事想象做某事imagine doing sth.16.提及做某事提及做某事mention doing sth.17.错过做某事错过做某事miss doing sth.18.阻止做某事阻止做某事prevent doing sth.19.理解做某事理解做某事understand doing
9、sth.20.否认做某事否认做某事deny doing sth.21.想做某事想做某事feel like doing sth.22.放弃做某事放弃做某事give up doing sth.23.推迟做某事推迟做某事put off doing sth.24.继续做某事继续做某事carry on doing sth.25.反复做某事反复做某事keep on doing sth.26.坚持做某事坚持做某事insist on doing sth.27.忙于做某事忙于做某事be busy doing sth.28.值得做某事值得做某事sth.be worth doing29.不能忍受做某事不能忍受做某事
10、cant stand/bear doing sth.30.感激做某事感激做某事appreciate doing sth.4.接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配 汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1.停止做某事停止做某事 stop doing sth.8.停下来去做某停下来去做某事事stop to do sth.2.试着做某事试着做某事 try doing sth.9.努力做某事努力做某事try to do sth.3.意味着做某意味着做某事事mean doing sth.10.打算做某事打算做某事mean to do
11、 sth.4.忘记做过某忘记做过某事事forget doing sth.11.忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 forget to do sth.5.后悔做过某后悔做过某事事regret doing sth.12.遗憾要做某事遗憾要做某事 regret to do sth.6.继续做同一继续做同一件事件事go on doing sth.13.接着做另一件接着做另一件事事go on to do sth.7.情不自禁做情不自禁做某事某事cant help doing sth.14.不能帮助做某不能帮助做某事事cant help to do sth.三、作定语三、作定语1.位于抽象名词后的非谓语动词用位于抽
12、象名词后的非谓语动词用to do形式形式,这类词有这类词有 ability,chance,way等。等。We should find a way to solve the problem.2.序数词序数词(+名词名词)后用不定式作定语。后用不定式作定语。He is the first to come and last to go.3.have something to do有事要做。有事要做。She cant go to the party with us,for she has work to do.四、作状语四、作状语1.be+形容词形容词+to do,形容词后用形容词后用to do作状语
13、。作状语。She is not easy to please as her mother.2.作目的、结果状语作目的、结果状语,表目的和结果。其中表目的和结果。其中only to find,only to do等表示出人意料的结果。等表示出人意料的结果。She prepares well for the exam to get a better result.She came to the station hurriedly,only to find that the train had gone.3.作伴随状语作伴随状语,根据与句中主语的关系根据与句中主语的关系,主动用主动用doing,被动
14、用被动用done。James sat in the empty restaurant,feeling frustrated.Followed by his dog,Mr.Smith went home.五、作补语五、作补语1.感官动词感官动词(see,watch,observe,hear等等)后补语有三种形式后补语有三种形式,以以see为例为例:see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事看到某人正在做某事see sb.do sth.看到某人做某事的全过程看到某人做某事的全过程see sth.done看到某事被做看到某事被做2.使役动词的补语使役动词的补语,let/make/have
15、sb.do sth.让某人做某事让某人做某事;但但是被动语态中省略的不定式是被动语态中省略的不定式to需还原需还原,即即sb.is made to do sth.。主动主动:The boy made his little sister cry.被动被动:The boys sister was made to cry by him.3.不定式作宾补的固定搭配不定式作宾补的固定搭配:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1.求某人做某事求某人做某事ask sb.to do sth.2.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事invite sb.to do sth.3.让某人做某事让某人做某事tell sb.to d
16、o sth.4.提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事remind sb.to do sth.5.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.6.激励某人做某事激励某人做某事inspire sb.to do sth.7.督促某人做某事督促某人做某事urge sb.to do sth.8.要求某人做某事要求某人做某事require sb.to do sth.9.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.10.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事convince/persuade sb.to do sth.11.强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事force sb.t
17、o do sth.12.允诺某人做某事允诺某人做某事promise sb.to do sth.13.警告某人做某事警告某人做某事warn sb.to do sth.14.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事allow/permit sb.to do sth.15.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事forbid/prohibit sb.to do sth.16.希望某人做某事希望某人做某事wish/expect sb.to do sth.17.想要某人做某事想要某人做某事want/would like sb.to do sth.18.等某人做某事等某人做某事wait for sb.to do sth.19.号
18、召某人做某事号召某人做某事call on sb.to do sth.非谓语动词专项练习非谓语动词专项练习一、单句填空一、单句填空,用所给词汇的适当形式填空。用所给词汇的适当形式填空。1.They signed an agreement(expand)the trade between the two countries.to expand 2.The room is too small(hold)one hundred people.3.He worked so hard that he got his pay_(raise).4.The building (build)now will be
19、 used as a hospital.5.(discuss)many times,the problem was solved at last.6.When I got there,I found him(repair)farm tools.to hold raised being built Having been discussed repairing 7.The workers had the machines(run)all night long to finish the work on time.8.Youll waste time(talk)to him;he wouldnt
20、listen to you.9.We are looking forward to Marys (come).10.The sentence needs_(improve).11.(1)We dont allow(smoke)in the reading room.(2)We dont allow them(smoke)in the reading room.running talking coming improving(to be improved)smoking to smoke 12.(1)(work)hard and youll make rapid progress in your
21、 English learning.(2)(work)hard,youll make rapid progress in your English learning.13.(1)This is an important letter.Dont forget_(post)it this afternoon.(2)Dont look for the letter.You must have forgotten(post)it this afternoon.14.(1)I regret(tell)you that your mother is absent in Beijing.Work Worki
22、ng to post posting to tell (2)I dont regret(tell)her what I thought even if it might have upset her.15.(1)The computer center,(build)last night,is very popular among the students in the school.(2)The computer center,(build)now,will be very popular among the students in the school.(3)The computer cen
23、ter,(build)next year,will be very popular among the students in the school.telling built being built to be built 16.(1)We are considering(set)up a new factory here in this town.(2)We are considering how(set)up a new factory here in this town.17.(1)Weather(permit),Ill go out for an outing.(2)If the w
24、eather(permit),Ill go out for an outing.18.(1)He had no choice but(read)aloud the text in the classroom.setting to set permitting permits to read (2)He did nothing but(read)aloud the text in the classroom.19.(1)Do you know the boy who is(lie)under the big tree?(2)Those books,which are(lay)on the des
25、k by Mary,belong to John.20.(1)Your words are so (encourage)that all the pupils are (encourage)to work hard.(2)Your task now is how (encourage)the pupils to work hard.read lying laid encouraging encouraged to encourage 21.(1)(see)from the hill,the park seems more beautiful.(2)(see)from the hill,youl
26、l find the park more beautiful.(3)(see)from the hill,and youll find the park more beautiful.22.(1)(follow)by some officials,Napoleon inspected his army.(2)(follow)others,John came into the hall,too.Seen Seeing See Followed Following 23.(1)The man(call)Zhaosan used to live here.(2)The man(call)himsel
27、f Zhaosan used to lived here.24.(1)The secretary worked late into the night,_(prepare)a long speech for the president.(2)The secretary worked late into the night and_(prepare)a long speech for the president.called calling preparing prepared 二、改错题。二、改错题。1.A lot of money has been spent to buy the book
28、.2.You will have to pay the cost of send a postcard.3.What he did was puzzled.4.I will spend a week reading and prepare for the examination.将将to buy改为改为buying(spend.doing。)将将send改为改为sending(介词介词of后要求用动名词作宾语。后要求用动名词作宾语。)将将puzzled改为改为puzzling(puzzling表示表示“令人疑惑不解令人疑惑不解的的”的意思。的意思。)将将prepare改为改为preparing
29、(preparing和前面的和前面的 reading是并列结构。是并列结构。)5.Charles and Linda do all of these things as well as climbed buildings.6.Yesterday I had my bad tooth pulling out.7.Heard her sing a song,I was deeply moved.8.I made a terrible mistake.I regretted not to take your advice.将将climbed改为改为climbing(as well as是介词短语是介
30、词短语,后面后面接动名词或名词。接动名词或名词。)将将pulling改为改为pulled(have the tooth pulled out表示表示“请人拔牙请人拔牙”的意思。的意思。)将将Heard改为改为Hearing(与主语与主语I是主动关系是主动关系,作状语。作状语。)将将to take改为改为taking(用动名词表示后悔做过某事。用动名词表示后悔做过某事。)9.When we reached the top of the mountain,we stopped having a rest before we went down the mountain.10.Therell be
31、a good film tonight,remember seeing it on time!11.The game was over,she went home.12.When speaking,you must make yourself hear.将将having改为改为to have(stop的目的是的目的是have a rest。)将将seeing改为改为to see(还未看电影。还未看电影。)将将was改为改为being(独立主格结构。独立主格结构。)将将hear改为改为heard(make oneself heard意为意为“使别人使别人听到自己的话听到自己的话”。)13.She
32、 pretended not seeing me when I came in.14.Abraham Lincoln was considered being one of the greatest of all American presidents.15.Following by the officers,the general inspected the army.16.There is something wrong with my computer,and it needs repaired.将将seeing改为改为to see(pretend后面要求接不定式作宾语。后面要求接不定式
33、作宾语。)将将being改为改为to be(consider后用不定式作宾补。后用不定式作宾补。)将将Following改为改为Followed(过去分词表被动。过去分词表被动。)将将repaired 改为改为repairing(动名词主动形式动名词主动形式,表被动意义。表被动意义。)17.Dont burn the falling leaves on the ground.18.Losing in thought,he almost ran into a car in front of him.19.I enjoy to listen to the classic music.20.Judg
34、e by what he wears,he is a farmer.将将falling改为改为fallen(过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,强调动作的完成。强调动作的完成。)将将Losing改为改为Lost(be lost in thought 表示表示“陷入深思陷入深思”的意思。的意思。)将将to listen改为改为listening(enjoy后面用动名词作宾语。后面用动名词作宾语。)将将Judge改为改为Judging(judging by.为一固定说法。为一固定说法。)第一章大家都来学化学第第2 2课时课时练习实验练习实验基本操作基本操作1.2化学实验室之旅1.2化学实验室之旅知识点一
35、化学实验室安全知识知识点一化学实验室安全知识 1 1药品取用的规则药品取用的规则(1)(1)取用药品,按实验所需量取用。如果没有取用药品,按实验所需量取用。如果没有说明用量,应取最少量,固体只需说明用量,应取最少量,固体只需_,液体取,液体取_mL_mL。(2)(2)取用药品要做到取用药品要做到“三不三不”:_、_、_。盖满试管底部盖满试管底部 1 12 2 不用手拿不用手拿 不用嘴尝不用嘴尝 不用鼻子直接闻气味不用鼻子直接闻气味 1.2化学实验室之旅 说明说明 如果需要闻气体的气味,应用手在瓶如果需要闻气体的气味,应用手在瓶口口_,使,使_气体飘进鼻孔。气体飘进鼻孔。轻轻扇轻轻扇动动 极少量
36、极少量2 2固体药品的取用固体药品的取用(1)(1)块状或密度较大的金属颗粒块状或密度较大的金属颗粒(用镊子用镊子)1.2化学实验室之旅(2)(2)粉末状药品粉末状药品(用药匙或纸槽用药匙或纸槽)1.2化学实验室之旅3 3液体药品的取用液体药品的取用(1)(1)倾倒液体倾倒液体(较多量较多量倾倒法倾倒法)手心手心紧挨着紧挨着倾斜倾斜倒放倒放1.2化学实验室之旅(2)(2)滴加液体滴加液体(较少量较少量滴加法滴加法)胶头滴管胶头滴管上上垂直悬空垂直悬空用清水冲洗干净用清水冲洗干净1.2化学实验室之旅(3)(3)量取液体量取液体(定量量取定量量取先倾倒、后滴加先倾倒、后滴加)凹液面的最低处凹液面的
37、最低处小小多多大大少少1.2化学实验室之旅 注意注意 选用的量筒应该是能够一次量取所选用的量筒应该是能够一次量取所需液体的最小规格的量筒,目的是减小误差;需液体的最小规格的量筒,目的是减小误差;量筒不能加热,不能用作反应容器,不能量取过量筒不能加热,不能用作反应容器,不能量取过热液体,不能用于配制或稀释溶液。热液体,不能用于配制或稀释溶液。1.2化学实验室之旅探究点一药品的取用探究点一药品的取用1固体药品的取用固体药品的取用 情景情景展示展示 1.2化学实验室之旅 问题问题探究探究 如何正确取用粉末状和块状固体?如何正确取用粉末状和块状固体?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳提升
38、提升 取用小颗粒或粉末状固体,先将试管平拿,用药取用小颗粒或粉末状固体,先将试管平拿,用药匙或纸槽将药品放入试管底部,再慢慢竖立起来,匙或纸槽将药品放入试管底部,再慢慢竖立起来,可简记为可简记为“一平、二送、三直立一平、二送、三直立”。块状固体的。块状固体的取用:现将试管横放,用镊子夹取固体放在试管取用:现将试管横放,用镊子夹取固体放在试管口,再将试管慢慢竖立起来,可简记为:口,再将试管慢慢竖立起来,可简记为:“一横、一横、二放、三慢竖二放、三慢竖”。课堂课堂速记速记 1.2化学实验室之旅2液体药品的取用液体药品的取用 情景情景展示展示111.2化学实验室之旅 问题问题探究探究 如何正确的取用
39、液体?如何正确的取用液体?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳提升提升 取少量液体药品采用滴加法:用胶头滴管吸取少量取少量液体药品采用滴加法:用胶头滴管吸取少量液体,保持滴管竖直在管口上方,不可把滴管伸入液体,保持滴管竖直在管口上方,不可把滴管伸入试管内;不可将滴管横放或倒持,操作要领:试管内;不可将滴管横放或倒持,操作要领:“垂垂直、悬空、滴直、悬空、滴”;较多量液体的取用采用倾倒法:;较多量液体的取用采用倾倒法:将瓶塞倒放,标签向着手心,瓶口要紧挨着试管口,将瓶塞倒放,标签向着手心,瓶口要紧挨着试管口,操作要领:操作要领:“一倒、二向、三紧挨一倒、二向、三紧挨”。课堂课堂速记速
40、记 1.2化学实验室之旅2液体药品的取用液体药品的取用 情景情景展示展示221.2化学实验室之旅 问题问题探究探究 如何定量地取用液体药品?如何定量地取用液体药品?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳提升提升 用量筒量取液体的体积时,先倾倒,后滴加。量筒用量筒量取液体的体积时,先倾倒,后滴加。量筒须放平,读数时视线与量筒内液体的凹液面的最低须放平,读数时视线与量筒内液体的凹液面的最低处保持水平。处保持水平。课堂课堂速记速记 例例1 1下列向试管中加入固体或液体的操作方法下列向试管中加入固体或液体的操作方法错误的是错误的是()1.2化学实验室之旅 核心核心应用应用 核心一药品的取用核
41、心一药品的取用A1.2化学实验室之旅方法点拨方法点拨认真研读教材上各种不同药品取用的认真研读教材上各种不同药品取用的规范操作图,并记住操作要点规范操作图,并记住操作要点(如取用粉末状药品如取用粉末状药品要要“一横、二送、三直立一横、二送、三直立”,倾倒液体药品要,倾倒液体药品要“一倒、二向、三挨、四盖一倒、二向、三挨、四盖”等等)即可解答此类问即可解答此类问题。题。解析解析将铁钉放入试管中的正确操作应为:将试管横放,将铁钉放入试管中的正确操作应为:将试管横放,然后将铁钉置于试管口,再缓缓将试管直立起来,使铁钉缓然后将铁钉置于试管口,再缓缓将试管直立起来,使铁钉缓缓滑至试管底部。将二氧化锰粉末放
42、入试管中:应用药匙或缓滑至试管底部。将二氧化锰粉末放入试管中:应用药匙或纸槽,操作时,试管横放,将药品平送入试管底部,再将试纸槽,操作时,试管横放,将药品平送入试管底部,再将试管慢慢竖直起来,手指轻弹药匙柄或纸槽,使药品全部落入管慢慢竖直起来,手指轻弹药匙柄或纸槽,使药品全部落入试管底部。向试管内倾倒少量液体药品时,瓶塞应该倒放在试管底部。向试管内倾倒少量液体药品时,瓶塞应该倒放在桌面上,标签向着手心,瓶口与试管口紧挨。向试管中滴加桌面上,标签向着手心,瓶口与试管口紧挨。向试管中滴加少量液体药品时,滴管应保持垂直悬空于试管口正上方滴加。少量液体药品时,滴管应保持垂直悬空于试管口正上方滴加。1.
43、2化学实验室之旅1.1.酒精灯的使用方法酒精灯的使用方法知识点二给物质加热知识点二给物质加热 1.2化学实验室之旅2 2酒精灯的火焰酒精灯的火焰焰焰心心1.2化学实验室之旅3.3.给试管中的液体加热给试管中的液体加热勿对人勿对人中上部中上部451.2化学实验室之旅 情景展示情景展示11探究点二给物质加热探究点二给物质加热1.2化学实验室之旅 问题问题探究探究 如何正确使用酒精灯?如何正确使用酒精灯?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳总结总结 酒精灯的使用应注意酒精灯的使用应注意“三要三禁止三要三禁止”:要用火柴或:要用火柴或打火机点燃酒精灯,禁止用燃着的酒精灯去引燃另打火机点燃酒
44、精灯,禁止用燃着的酒精灯去引燃另一只酒精灯;要用酒精灯的外焰加热,禁止向燃着一只酒精灯;要用酒精灯的外焰加热,禁止向燃着的酒精灯内添加酒精;熄灭时要用灯帽盖灭,禁止的酒精灯内添加酒精;熄灭时要用灯帽盖灭,禁止用嘴吹以免失火。用嘴吹以免失火。课堂课堂速记速记 1.2化学实验室之旅 情景展示情景展示221.2化学实验室之旅 问题问题探究探究 如何加热液体?如何加热液体?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳总结总结 加热时,试管中的液体不应超过试管容积的三分加热时,试管中的液体不应超过试管容积的三分之一;试管夹从底部往上套,夹在离口约三分之之一;试管夹从底部往上套,夹在离口约三分之一处;
45、试管与水平线成一处;试管与水平线成45度角,管口勿对人;先度角,管口勿对人;先将试管预热,然后再利用外焰对准试管内被加热将试管预热,然后再利用外焰对准试管内被加热的物质部位加热。的物质部位加热。课堂课堂速记速记 1.2化学实验室之旅 核心核心应用应用 核心二给物质加热核心二给物质加热例例2 2下列图示的实验基本操作正确的是下列图示的实验基本操作正确的是()C C1.2化学实验室之旅1.2化学实验室之旅【方法点拨】给试管内的固体加热时要注意给试管内的固体加热时要注意以下事项:试管外壁不能有水,否则试管受以下事项:试管外壁不能有水,否则试管受热不均匀,容易破裂;试管口应略微向下倾热不均匀,容易破裂
46、;试管口应略微向下倾斜,否则反应过程中生成的水或药品中的湿斜,否则反应过程中生成的水或药品中的湿存水,在试管口冷凝成小水珠倒流至试管底存水,在试管口冷凝成小水珠倒流至试管底部,使试管炸裂;加热时要先进行预热,否部,使试管炸裂;加热时要先进行预热,否则试管受热不均容易炸裂;不能用酒精灯的则试管受热不均容易炸裂;不能用酒精灯的焰心加热,否则容易使试管因受热不均而炸焰心加热,否则容易使试管因受热不均而炸裂。裂。1.2化学实验室之旅1.1.洗涤方法:刷洗时须洗涤方法:刷洗时须_或或_试管刷,但用力不能过猛。试管刷,但用力不能过猛。知识点三玻璃仪器的洗涤知识点三玻璃仪器的洗涤转动转动上下移动上下移动1.
47、2化学实验室之旅2 2洗净标志:洗过的玻璃仪器内壁附着洗净标志:洗过的玻璃仪器内壁附着的水既不的水既不_,也不,也不_。3 3放置方法:放在放置方法:放在_或指定的或指定的地方。地方。试管试管架架聚成小滴聚成小滴成股流下成股流下探究点三玻璃仪器的洗涤探究点三玻璃仪器的洗涤1.2化学实验室之旅 情景展示情景展示 (视频情景详见光盘视频情景详见光盘内容内容)问题问题探究探究 如何洗涤用过的试管?如何洗涤用过的试管?思考思考交流交流 1.2化学实验室之旅 归纳归纳提升提升 先将废液倒入废液缸,注入半试管水,振荡后倒掉,先将废液倒入废液缸,注入半试管水,振荡后倒掉,再注入水,反复数次;内壁附有不易洗掉
48、的物质时,再注入水,反复数次;内壁附有不易洗掉的物质时,用试管刷轻轻旋入,刷时转动或上下移动刷子,切用试管刷轻轻旋入,刷时转动或上下移动刷子,切勿用力过猛。玻璃仪器洗净的标准为:内壁附着的勿用力过猛。玻璃仪器洗净的标准为:内壁附着的水既不聚成水滴,也不成股流下。水既不聚成水滴,也不成股流下。课堂课堂速记速记 1.2化学实验室之旅课后反思点课后反思点1.通过本节课的学习,学生是否能掌握化学实验基通过本节课的学习,学生是否能掌握化学实验基本操作?本操作?2.取用较多量、较少量、定量和没有说明用量的液取用较多量、较少量、定量和没有说明用量的液体药品时,学生是否能规范地操作?还有哪些注意体药品时,学生
49、是否能规范地操作?还有哪些注意事项没有注意到?事项没有注意到?3.学完本课,学生是否能区分固体物质加热和液体学完本课,学生是否能区分固体物质加热和液体物质加热的操作?物质加热的操作?4.学生懂得实验基本操作的过程,但在操作中却不学生懂得实验基本操作的过程,但在操作中却不能很好地应用,我们该如何做?能很好地应用,我们该如何做?1.2化学实验室之旅 核心核心应用应用 核心三玻璃仪器的洗涤核心三玻璃仪器的洗涤C C1.2化学实验室之旅1.2化学实验室之旅基本实验基本实验操作操作固体药品的固体药品的取用取用液体药品的液体药品的取用取用给物质加热给物质加热知识点知识点1 1药品的取用药品的取用1.2化学
50、实验室之旅1 1下列实验操作中,错误的是下列实验操作中,错误的是()B B知识点知识点2 2给物质加热给物质加热1.2化学实验室之旅2 2请填写下列有关实验操作中的空格。请填写下列有关实验操作中的空格。(1)(1)给试管内的液体加热时,所加的液体不得超过给试管内的液体加热时,所加的液体不得超过试管容积的试管容积的_。(2)(2)用酒精灯给物质加热时,要用酒精灯火焰的用酒精灯给物质加热时,要用酒精灯火焰的_。(3)(3)用燃着的酒精灯点燃另一只酒精灯,后果是用燃着的酒精灯点燃另一只酒精灯,后果是_。(4)(4)加热液体时,试管口朝着有人的方向,后果是加热液体时,试管口朝着有人的方向,后果是_。外
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