2018山东东营中考英语解析.pdf

1、 二二 0 一八年东营市初中学业水平考试一八年东营市初中学业水平考试 英英 语语 试试 题题 (总分 120 分 考试时间 120 分钟) 注意事项： 1.本试题分第卷和第卷两部分。第卷为选择题，65 分；第卷为非选择题，55 分；共 120 分。 2.答题前请务必将姓名、准考证号和座号填写在试卷和答题卡相应位置上, 考试结束后,试卷和答题卡一并 收回。 3.答题前请务必认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项，试题答案必须填涂或填写在答题卡上相应位置。 4.听力填表题为第卷的第四大题。 第第卷卷 （选择题，（选择题， 共共 65 分）分） 一、听力选择 (略) 二、单项选择二、单项选择 （共共 20 小题

2、，小题，计计 20 分）分） 从每小题 A、B、C、D 中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。 (2018山东东营)16. According to _ rule made in 2017, some kinds of dogs mustnt be kept since May 1st, 2018 in Dongying. A. a B. an C. the D. / 16.A【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意：根据在 2017 年制定的一条规则可知，自从 2018 年 5 月 1 日起，有 一些类型的狗不能再被豢养。不定冠词 a/an 用来表示泛指“一个”，同时 rule 为为以辅音音素开头，其前

3、面要 用不定冠词 a 修饰。故选 A。 (2018山东东营)17. _ do you like the Double Eleven Shopping Festival? I dont like it because my mother often buys a lot of things we dont need. A. How B. Why C. When D. Where 17.A【解析】考查疑问词的用法辨析。句意：你认为双十一购物节怎么样？我不喜欢它，因为我 妈妈经常买许多我们不需要的东西。how 怎么样；why 为什么；when 什么时间；where 哪里。由答语中的 “I dont

4、like it”，可推知问句是询问对方对“双十一节的看法”。固定用法：How do you like sth.? = What do you think of sth?意为“你认为怎么样”。故选 A。 (2018山东东营)18. There _ six countries in SCO (上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight. A. is B. are C. were D. will be 18. C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：起初，上合组织有六个成员国，但是现在成员国的数量已经上升到 8 个。根据句中的 at f

5、irst 以及与之相对应的 now 可推知，这里要用一般过去时。句子的主语是名词复数 countries，故 there be 句型用 There are 的过去式 There were。故选 C。 (2018山东东营)19.Lets see what food youve got for dinner. Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and _ . A. milk B. bread C. coffee D. juice 19.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们看看你们为 晚饭都准备了什么食物？瞧！我们 有羊肉、鱼肉、鸡蛋、西红柿和

6、_ 。milk 牛奶；bread 面包；coffee 咖啡；juice 果汁。由题设干干中 的“What food youve got”，可知答语提供的应该是食物类名词。milk, coffee 和 juice 都是饮料类，故用 bread。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)20.The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest people a lot because _ of them are leading the world in science and technology. A. both B. each C. either D. ne

7、ither 20.A 【解析】 考查代词的用法辨析。 句意 ： “中国天眼”和 “高铁”非常吸引人们的注意力， 因为它们_ 在科学技术方面引领世界的先驱。both 表示“两者都”； each“三者或三者以上当中每一个”； either“两者中任 一个”； neither“两者都不”。由主句的主语“The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train”可知它们两者都引世人 瞩目。故选 A。 (2018山东东营)21. The 119 passengers are _ Liu Chuanjian. Without him, they would probably have

8、 lost their lives. A. hard on B. thankful to C. friendly to D. responsible for 21.C【解析】考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意：(飞机上的)119 名乘客都对(飞机长)刘传建_。没有 他，他们将都或许已经丧失了生命。be hard on“对苛刻”；be thankful to“对充满感激”；be friendly to“对友好”；be responsible for“对负责任”。根据后面的假设“Without him, they would probably have lost their lives”可知：乘客应该对

9、这位英雄机长表示感激。故选 D。 (2018山东东营)22. Ive tried hard at my school work but still _ . Dont be upset. Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried. A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded 22.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经努力学习我的功课，但是仍然_。不要灰 心难过难过。有时失败只是你真正尽力的一个标志。fail 失败；worry 担心；improve 提高；succeed 成功。由

10、“Dont be upset”可知是指“尽管尽力了，仍然没有成功”。故选 A。 (2018山东东营)23.Whats the English word for the Chinese food jiaozi? You can _say “jiaozi”. It has been added to the Oxford English Dictionary. A. just B. even C. still D. hardly 23.C【解析】 考查副词的用法辨析。 句意 ：与中国食物 “饺子”相对应的英语单词是什么？你_ 可以称呼它为“jiaozi”。它已经被添加到牛津英语词典的词汇里了。ju

11、st 刚刚 ； even 甚至 ； still 仍然 ； hardly 几乎不。由答语中的“has been added to”可知是指“仍然”可以如此称呼。故选 C。 (2018山东东营)24. Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school? Fantastic. We can choose the courses according to our_. I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class. A. grades B. talents C. interests D. experiences 24.C【解析】考查

12、名词词义辨析。句意：你好，李梅。你的新学校怎么样？太好了。我们可以根 据我们自己的_选择课程。我喜欢戏曲，因此我选修的是京剧课。grade 分数，等级；talent 才能； interest 爱好，兴趣；experience 经历，经验。由答语中的“I love operas”可知：可以根据自己的“兴趣”选择 课程。故选 C。 (2018山东东营)25.What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere. Lets collect and put them in the right place _ they can be used conv

13、eniently. A. unless B. so that C. because D. so long as 25.B【解析】考查连词用法辨析。句意：真的是乱七八糟！共享单车被扔的到处都是。让我们 整理它们，把它们放到正确的位置_我们可以很便利地使用它们。unless“除非”；so that“目的是，为 了”；because“因为”；so long as“只要”。由“What a mess”可知：把单车归还到合适的位置目的是为了方便使 用。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)26. The government is trying to protect the environment now.

14、Yeah. It is reported that some factories will be _ soon. A. set up B. shut off C. given up D. turned off 26.B 【解析】考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意：现在政府正在尽力保护环境。是的。据报道说 一些工厂将很快被关闭。 set up“建立”； shut off“停止 ； 关闭”； give up“放弃”； turn off“关闭(电源等)”。 由 “protect the environment”可知是指“关停工厂”。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)27. Because it might

15、encourage teenagers to try smoking, Sina Weibo _ the “smoking” emoji . A. cut up B. took down C. gave away D. found out 27. B【解析】考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意：因为这个标志可能会误导青少年尝试吸烟。新浪微博 _ 用这个表情符号表示“吸烟”。cut up“切碎”；take down“拆卸；撤掉”；give away“泄露”；find out“弄清楚，搞明白”。由“might encourage teenagers to try smoking”可知是指“撤掉下来”这个标

16、志。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)28. We asked 1,000 students from Hope School about what kind of books they love. Here are the results. According to the pie chart above, _ of the students love science books. A. ten percent B. fifteen percent C. a quarter D. half 28.D【解析】考查数词的用法辨析。句意：我们询问了来自希望中学的 1000 名学生，有关他们喜欢什么

17、类型的书。 这儿是调查结果。 根据以上的表格， _ 的学生喜欢科学书。 ten percent 百分之十 ； fifteen percent 百分之十五；a quarter 四分之一；half 一半。由题设干干中所给的表格信息可知是 500 个学生，占总 人数的一半。故选 D。 (2018山东东营)29. Jack, the Maldives (马尔代夫) may _ because of the rising sea levels. God! We must do something to stop that happening. A. rise B. move C. grow D. dis

18、appear 29.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克，因为海平面不断上升，马尔代夫可能会_。 天哪！我们必须采取措施来阻止那种情况的发生。rise 上升；move 移动；grow 增长；disappear 消失。 由“the rising sea levels”可知是指沿海国马尔代夫可能会“消失”。故选 D。 (2018山东东营)30. Patient: 500 yuan for pulling a tooth? Its only a couple of minutes work. Doctor: Well, I can do it _ if you like. A. quietly

19、B. more slowly C. less carefully D. as quickly as I can 30.B【解析】考查副词的用法辨析。句意：病人：拔一颗牙收费 500 元？那只是一两分钟的活。医生：哦， 如果你喜欢的话，我可以为你做这件事_ 。quietly 安静地 ； more slowly“更慢地”； less carefully“更 不仔细地”；as quickly as I can“我尽可能快地”。由“only a couple of minutes work”可知：对方觉得“时间短 收费高”，而答语应该是“可以慢慢来动手术”。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)31. It

20、 is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at night _ their military (军事的) training. Really? So their training is much harder than ours. A. after B. since C. during D. before 31.C 【解析】考查介词用法辨析。句意：据说韩国的孩子们在晚上不得不徒步旅行，穿过高山 _ 他们的军事训练。真的吗？这么说他们的训练要比我们的更艰苦得多。after 在之后； s

21、ince 自从以来；during 在期间；before 在之前。根据“their training is much harder”可知是指“在 军训期间艰苦行军”。故选 C。 (2018山东东营)32. An American boy made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish. Well done! Animals deserve (应该值得得到得到) love and good _ as humans. A. life B. chance C. luck D. environment 32.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个美国男孩给他的受伤

22、的金鱼制作了一个轮椅。做 得不错！动物应该像人类一样像人类一样得到爱和好的_。life 生活；chance 机会；luck 运气；environment 环 境。根据“made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish”可判断这里表示动物也应该受到“关爱，过上幸福的生 活”。故选 A。 (2018山东东营)33. Good news! Youve passed the PE test. Hooray! _ , Im worrying about it. A. All in all B. To be honest C. Without doubt D. In m

23、y opinion 33.B【解析】考查固定短语的用法辨析。句意：好消息！你的体育考试已经及格了。太好了！ _ ，我正为此而担心呢。A 项“总的来说，大体而言”；B 项“说实在的”；C 项“毫无疑问”；D 项“在 我看来”。由“Im worrying about it.”可知用“To be honest”符合语境。故选 B。 (2018山东东营)34. Do you love the poems by Li Qingzhao? Yes, a little. But I prefer those by Du Fu because _ can cheer me up. A. it B. he C.

24、 she D. they 34.D【解析】考查代词的用法辨析。句意：你喜欢李清照创作的诗歌吗？是的，有点喜欢。但是 我更喜欢杜甫创作的那些诗歌，因为_ 能鼓舞我的斗志。it 它 ； he 他 ； she 她 ； they 它们。根据“those by Du Fu”可判断空格处指代的是“那些诗歌”，故用 they。故选 D。 (2018山东东营)35. Look, how wonderful this paper-cutting is! So it is. Paper cutting is a/ an _ Chinese art with a long history. A. common B.

25、 modern C. important D. traditional 35.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瞧，这张剪纸是多么的精致啊！它的确不错。剪纸是 一门_的中国艺术， 有着悠久的历史。 common 普通的 ； modern 现代化的 ； important 重要的 ； traditional 传统的。根据“with a long history”可判断这里表示剪纸是中国“传统的的”民间艺术。故选 D。 三、阅读理解（三、阅读理解（共共 20 小题，小题，计计 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，然后从每小题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答 案。 (

26、2018山东东营)A A long vacation is coming after the exam. Whats your plan? Studying? Relaxing? Or doing volunteer work? Here are two ads. Maybe they are useful for you. 36. Lucy has $ 3,100. After paying for the study tour, which two optional activities can she choose? A. To visit Disneyland and go to Ak

27、ons concert. B. To visit Universal Studios Hollywood and go to Akons concert. C. To visit Disneyland and watch American High School Basketball Tournament. D. To visit Universal Studios Hollywood and watch American High School Basketball Touroament. 37. Which of the following volunteer work lasts (持续

28、) the longest? A. Helpers to raise books. B. Transportation assistants. C. Cleaners at the park. D. Library assistants. 38. Andy is 8 and his sister Mary is 15. They want to do the same volunteer work at the same time. Which one can they choose? A. Cleaners at the park. B. Environmental guards. C. H

29、elpers at the old peoples home. D. Guides at the hospital. 39. Tom wants to practice his English and he is free from July 15th to August 7th, .Which two activities can he choose? A. American Study tour, to be a judge for the English speech. B. To be a library assistant, to be an interpreter for Agri

30、cultural Products Exhibition. C. American Study tour, to be interpreter for Agricultural Products Exhibition. D. To be judge for the English speech, to be a guide at the hospital. 40. Which is NOT true about the American Study Tour? A. You can study with American children. B. Your host family may ta

31、ke you to some places around the city. C. If you like, you can watch American High School Basketball Tournament. D. You have a chance to visit Akon. 体裁 说明文应用应用 文文 话题 节假日活动和语言学习 广告广告 词数 【主旨大意】本文是一篇图表类的说明文应用文应用文。介绍的是两则针对即将迎来漫长暑假的初中毕业生的广 告。一个是招收学员去美国参加为期 15 天的游学活动；另一则是招收各种年龄段的愿意承担义务工作的 志愿者。 36. D【解析】细节

32、理解题。题干意为：露西手里有 3100 美元钱，她在支付完游学费用之后，可以选择哪 两个自愿选择的活动？根据第一则表格中的“Total fees”可知：她还剩余 100 美元，再结合该表格中的“visit Universal Studios Hollywood $ 98”以及“watch American High School Basketball Tournament. Free”可知答案应 选 D。 37. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪一项志愿者工作持续的时间最长？结合第二则表格中的 “Helpers to raise books， July 6th August 30th”

33、， “Transportation assistants， July 8th August 8th”， “Cleaners at the park，July 9th August 28th”，“Library assistants，July 8 th August 30th”，分析可知：帮助筹集图 书这一工作时间最长，从 7 月 6 日到 8 月 30 日。故选 A。 38. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：安迪 8 岁，他的姐姐玛丽 15 岁，他们想要在同时做同样的志愿者 工作。他们可以选择哪一项？选项 A“在公园里当清洁工”；选项 B“环境保卫人员”；选项 C“在敬老院的帮 助者”；选项

34、D“在医院里的指路人”。根据第二则表格中的“Age 8-11”以及“Age 12-18”各能从事的志愿工作 可知：两个年龄段的孩子都可以做的工作是当“Environmental guard”。故选 B。 39. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：汤姆想要练习他的英语，他从 7 月 15 日到 8 月 7 日有空，他可以 选择参加哪两项活动？结合第二则表格中的第三竖行时间范围可知 ： 她可以当国际农业产品展览会的翻译。 再结合第一则表格中的美国游学的目的“Experience American life and culture”以及时间“July 16th-July 30th” 可知他还可以这段时

35、间参加美国游学。故选 C。 40. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：关于美国游学，下列哪一项说法是不正确的？选项 A“你可以和美 国孩子一起学习”；选项 B“你的房东可以带你去城市四周的一些地方看看”；选项 C“如果你喜欢的话，你 可以观看美国中学篮球联赛”； 选项 D“你有机会拜访 Akon”。 通读第一则表格中 “必须参加的活动”， 以及 “自 愿选择的活动”内容可知：可以去听 Akon 的音乐会，但是不能去拜访他。故选 D。 (2018山东东营)B “You have saved my horse,” Queen Olivia told the young boy standing be

36、fore her. “Now you shall get a gift for what you did.” Peter nervously ran his finger through his brown hair. That day when he was working in the field. ,the shocked horse ran past him. Without thinking, he rushed out and controlled it. He didnt know it was the Queens horse and never expected to get

37、 a gift. But he still felt happy for getting one. Two of the queens men appeared. One carried a mirror. Red jewels (珠宝) shone on top of the mirrors silver frame (框架). The other carried a wooden cage with a chicken inside it. “Only one gift can be yours,” the queen said. “Choose wisely.” “Thats easy,

38、” Peter said, “Ill take the chicken.” Some of the queens men laughed. It was clear that they thought he had made a foolish choice. “And why did you choose the chicken?” the queen asked. “Well. , I dont know much about jewels,” Peter answered. “But I do know about chickens. The chicken will provide e

39、ggs for my family for a long while.” Queen Olivia smiled. “Then you did make a wise choice,” she said. “That mirror may look beautiful. But the jewels you see are only colored glass, and the frame is painted silver. The chicken is much more valuable.” Peter took the chicken and bowed. “Thank you, yo

40、ur majesty.” “You are a smart child,” the queen added. “ I could use a smart boy to help take care of my horses. Would you like to take the job? Peter smiled “Thank you very much!” he said excitedly. A job at the castle paid well. Now his family wouldnt worry their food any more all because he was k

41、ind to help others and smart enough to make the right choice! 41. The Queen gave Peter a gift because _ . A. he saved her horse B. he was smart C. she liked him D. he was poor 42. Peter decided to choose the _ . A. jewels B. mirror C. chicken D. silver frame 43. From Para. 3-5, we can know that _ .

42、A. it was difficult for Peter to make the choice B. all the men thought Peters decision was right C. Peter thought the chicken would be useful to his family D. Peter knew the jewels werent real before he made the choice 44. The right order of Peters story is _ . a. Peter got a well-paid job. b. Pete

43、r chose the gift wisely. c. Peter could get a gift for what he did. d. Peter would help his family have a better life. A. d c b a B. c b a d C. c b d a D. c a d b 45. After reading the passage, we can infer(推断)that _ . A. Peter only thought of himself B. Peter couldnt take good care of the Queens ho

44、rses C. chickens became the popular gifts in their country D. it was wise of Peter to choose something that he knew well 体裁 记叙文 话题 故事 词数 355 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩彼得无意中制服 Olivia 一匹受惊吓的马，女王表示感谢，让彼得 从珠宝和一只小鸡这两件礼物中选择其一，彼得出人意料地选择了小鸡，他对自己选择所做的解释，让女 王很满意，她让彼得替自己看护皇宫里所有的马，从此彼得一家过上了幸福的生活。文章告诉我们：不要 被金钱等表面华丽的东西所迷

45、惑，守住真诚的初心，做出人生正确的选择很重要。 41. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：女王赐予给彼得一份礼物，是因为_ 。根据第一段的开头 “You have saved my horse,”Queen Olivia told the young boy standing before her. “Now you shall get a gift for what you did.”可知：女王是因为彼得制服、拯救了她的马，才决定要送给他礼物的。故选 A。 42. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：彼得决定选择的礼物是_ 。根据第三段中的 Peter said, “Ill take the c

46、hicken.”可知：他选的礼物是小鸡。故选 C。 43. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从原文第三到第五段，我们可以知道_ 。A 项“彼得很难做 出选择”，由第三段中的“Thats easy”可知 A 项不对；根据第三段最后一句 It was clear that they thought he had made a foolish choice 可知 B 项“所有的人都认为彼得的决定是正确的”不对；根据第四段中的“The chicken will provide eggs for my family for a long while.”可知 C 项说法“彼得认为小鸡对他的家人来说是有用

47、 的”正确；根据第四段中的“I dont know much about jewels”可知 D 项说法“在彼得做出决定之前，他知道珠 宝不是真的”错误。故选 C。 44. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：有关彼得的故事，正确的情节顺序是_。a.彼得得到了一份 收入高的工作；b. 彼得机智地选择礼物；c. 彼得为他的行为可以得到一份礼物；d. 彼得可以帮助他的家 人过上更好的生活。通读原文可知：正确的顺序应该是：c b a d。故选 B。 45. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：读完这篇文章，我们可以推断_。由第三段中的“The chicken will provide eggs for my family for a long while.”可知 A 项说法“彼得只考虑他自己”不对；根据最后 一段可知：彼得痛快答应女王让他看管马这一职务，以及他的收入很高，说明 B 项说法“彼得不能看管好 女王的马”不对；通读原文可知 C 项说法“在他们国家小鸡成为受欢迎的礼