2018山东潍坊中考英语解析.pdf

1、 2018 年潍坊市中考英语试题 （五）听一段独白，根据所听内容补全下列文段。每空一词，独白读两遍。 Lisa, a 1 -year-old girl, goes to her fathers toy shop after school every 2 .On that day excited kids and babies are busy playing with the toys in their shop, so its always quite 3 there. Lisa has to watch carefully and make sure nobody 4 the toys.

2、This often makes her feel 5 , but she has fun helping her father. 二、单项选择（共 8 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 8 分） 从下列各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 21. (2018 山东潍坊)To prepare for_ trip to LA, Betty is making_ list of things to take along. A. the: the B. 不填:a C. the: a D. a; 不填 21. C 【解析】考查冠词用法。第一个空表示“特指”洛杉矶之旅，故用定冠

3、词 the；第二个空 make a list of 意为“把列成一张表”，表示数量为“一”，用不定冠词 a。故选择 C。 22. (2018 山东潍坊)Students here often do physics experiments _small groups. A. by B. in C. for D. at 22. B 【解析】考查介词用法。句意 ： 这里的学生经常以小组的形式进行物理实验。“(表示手段、方法、材 料)用，以”用介词 in。选择 B。 23.(2018 山东潍坊)The Three Gorges Dam produces_ for millions of people

4、in China. A. electricity B. influence C. transport D. technology 23. A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意 ： 三峡大坝为数百万中国人供电。electricity 电力 ； influence 影响 ； transport 运输；technology 技术。主语“三峡大坝”提示用 electricity 和动词 produce 构成动宾短语，表示“发电”符合 句意。故选择 A。 24. (2018 山东潍坊)Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on _ own. A. h

5、im B. his C. them D. their 24. B【解析】考查代词的辨析。句意 ： 白求恩医生有时不得不自己治疗伤员。短语 on ones own 意为“独自 地”，故此处填写 he 的形容词性物主代词 his。选择 B。 25.(2018 山东潍坊) -I always hate being late for school. -_ A. So am I. B. So do I C. So I am D. So I do 25. B 【解析】考查倒装句。句意：我总是讨厌上学迟到。我也是。上下文是指“另一人”也怎样，so 用作连词引导倒装句， 要构成完全倒装， 表示 “也怎样”，

6、上文行为动词 hate 提示用助动词 do。 构成 “so+ 助动词 do +主语 I”结构。故选 B 。 26 (2018 山东潍坊)The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be_ on the website. A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put on 26. C 【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：在比赛中获得一等奖的照片将张贴在网站上。put off 推迟， 拖延；put away 收起来，放好；put on 穿上；put up 张贴，建造。主语“照片”提示和动词短

7、语 put up 构成 被动关系，“张贴照片”符合句意，故选 C。 27. (2018 山东潍坊)You will still miss the flight_ you catch a Didi car. A even if B. as if C. until D. before 27. A 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：即使你赶上 Didi 汽车，你还是会错过这次航班。 even if “即使”；as if“似乎”；until “直到才”；before“在之前”。上文“还是错过”和下文的“赶上 Didi 汽车”提示用 even if“即使”引导让步状语从句。故选 A。 28 (2018 山东潍

8、坊)We were all disappointed at _. A. what does the boy Bay B what the boy says C. what the boy said D. what did the boy say 28. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，排除 A、D；主句谓语动词是一般 过去时态，提示从句要用过去相对应时态，排除 B，故选 D。 三、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2018 山东潍坊) Riding a Mobik

9、e on the street, you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store you see that Huawei smartphones are 29 . But youre not in Chinayoure in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see 30 things in many other citie

10、s. Chinese products have been 31 worldwide. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To 32 local peoples tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the 33 . Unlike Chinese, Australian people dont like to eat meat with the bone 34 .So Chinese restaurants there pr

11、ovide big pieces of meat without bones, 35 for fish. Some Chinese brands（品牌）are also becoming more 36 . In many cities in Europe stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. And more than half of US-owned drones （无人机 ） are Chinese models. Theyre not simply made in China, but desi

12、gned and developed in the 37 . In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and not dependable. But now, things have changed greatly. Made in China becomes cool. More and more people 38 Chinese brands. 29. A. for fun B at work C. on sale D. in use 30. A. similar B. different

13、C. common D. unusual 31. A. stored B. collected C. received D. accepted 32. A. meet B. copy C spread D. answer 33. A. kitchens B drink C dishes D. services 34. A. up B. out C. on D. in 35. A. just B. even C. yet D. still 36. A. traditional B expensive C. practical D. popular 37. A. country B. circle

14、 C. field D. town 38. A. sell B. trust C. improve D. question 体裁 说明文 话题 中国制造 词数 214 文章出处： 【主旨大意】 本文通过介绍中国制造的产品在全球的受欢迎程度说了“中国元素”正在走向世界。 29. C【解析】华为手机在商店里应该是在“出售”，on sale 有“出售”的意思。 30. A【解析】由下文知中国的产品遍布世界各地，故在其他城市也有相似的情景，形容词 similar 表示“相 似的”。 31. D【解析】 有上下文知中国产品在各地都有， 表明中国产品已经被世界各地的人们所接受。 填写 accepted 符

15、合题意。 32. A【解析】由下文知，中国餐馆已经做了一些改变，前面动词不定式表示目的，应该是为了迎合当地人 的口味，meet 有“满足”的意思，A 选项符合题意。 33. C【解析】前面提到的是 food（食物），餐馆想改变的也就是“菜肴”，故 C 选项恰当。 34. D【解析】与中国人不同的是，澳大利亚人不喜欢吃带骨头的肉。表示“在里面”用介词 in。 35. B【解析】所以那里的中国餐馆提供不带骨头的肉，空后又举了鱼的例子，鱼的骨头或刺多且小，剔除 很困难，这里举这个例子表示“让步”关系，所以选择 even（即使）符合题意。 36. D【解析】前面说到中国食物受人喜爱，这里由说中国的品牌

16、，有下文知，TCL 电视、海尔冰箱及联想 电脑在欧洲商店有售卖，所以中国品牌也很“受欢迎”，故 D 选项恰当。 37. A【解析】这些产品不仅仅在中国制造，根据连词和句意，设计和开发也在中国，即在我们的国家，填 写 country 符合题意。 38. B【解析】过去，大多数西方人认为中国的产品便宜而且不可靠。但现在，情况发生了很大变化。中国 制造变酷了。产品也可靠了，所以应该是“越来越多的人信任中国品牌了”。动词 trust“相信”符合题意。 四、阅读理解共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A(2018 山东潍坊

17、) When she was just 9 years old, Katie Stagliano planted a cabbage seed（卷心菜种子）in a garden outside her house. She cared for it every day by watering it, weeding it and giving it plant food. It grew to be HUGE！ Forty pounds huge! Katie wanted to do something special with this very special cabbage. Wit

18、h her moms help, she decided to donate（捐赠）it to a local soup kitchen to help feed the hungry in her community of Summerville, South Carolina. When she arrived to make her donation, she saw a long line of people waiting for food. Then, Katie served her cabbage to the guest. As the many people thanked

19、 her, she knew she could and should do more to help. With the help of her parents and school, Katies Krops was born! Katies Krops plants gardens to grow food that is donated to local soup kitchens to feed the hungry. Katies dream is to end hunger around the world. So, after she created several garde

20、ns in her community, she decided to do more. She wanted to help other kids create gardens in their communities! As of 2017, 7 years after she started, there are now 83 Katies Krops gardens growing across the United States! All of the gardens are led by kids between the ages of 9 and 16. 39. What is

21、“something special” Katie did at last in Paragraph 2？ A. Building her first garden. B. Giving the cabbage plant food. C Helping mom in the local soup kitchen. D Donating the cabbage to people in need. 40. Who runs the 83 gardens? A. Hungry people there. B. Katie Stagliano herself. C. Teenagers from

22、9 to 16. D. Parents and schools together. 41. Katies Krops _. A. creates a lot of jobs for local people B has its own soup kitchens everywhere C is now all over South Carolina. the US D. helps fight hunger in their own communities 42. Katies story sounds_. A. encouraging B. relaxing C boring D. tiri

23、ng 体裁 记叙文 话题 爱心故事 词数 362 文章出自：凯蒂斯塔利亚诺：小卷心菜里种出大慈善 【主旨大意】 所有的一切都始于一株卷心菜九岁的凯蒂斯塔利亚诺把菜苗种在了自家的后院里。 她给 菜苗施肥、浇水，那颗卷心菜长得巨大无比，约 40 磅重。一个想法在她头脑中闪过，凯蒂开始专注于为 那些挨饿的人种植卷心菜，之后作物覆盖的范围越来越大。在小卷心菜里种出了大慈善。 39. D 细节理解题。文章第二段第一句之后对 something special 做出了解释说明，由第二段第二句可知， 她决定捐献给当地的一个厨房，帮助萨默维尔社区的饥饿者。故 D 选项“将卷心菜捐赠给需要的人”符合题 意。 4

24、0. C 细节理解题。文章最后一句“All of the gardens are led by kids between the ages of 9 and 16”可知，所有 的菜园都由 916 岁的孩经营，C 选项符合题意。 41. D 细节理解题。文章第四段第二句“Katies Krops plants gardens to grow food that is donated to local soup kitchens to feed the hungry. ”可知 Katies Krops 种植食物捐赠给当地的厨房去做汤送给饥饿的人。故选 D 42. A 主旨大意题。通读这篇文章可知

25、Katie 在小卷心菜里种出了大慈善，这样的故事非常鼓舞人，故选择 A， B(2018 山东潍坊) 43. Who plays the leading role in making decisions? A. Cat B. Mara C. Iggy D. Barney 44. The underlined word “awesome” probably means_. A. awful B. crazy C. nervous D. fantastic 45. What do we know about the Island Club？ A. Its a new place for the th

26、ree friends. B. Its one of the top clubs of UK. C. Coffee is always free there. D. Iggy prefers to eat there. 体裁 应用文 话题 计划和打算 词数 200 左右 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文，展示了 Cat Lakey、Marc Benson 和 Iggy Waters 三人群聊的聊天记录。 43.C 细节理解题。由聊天记录最后一条 Iggy Waters 讲述的“I always have the best ideas”知，Iggy Waters 在 决策中起主导作用。选择 C。 4

27、4.D 词义猜测题。awful“可怕的”；crazy“疯狂的”；nervous“紧张的”；fantastic“极好的”。由短文 Iggy Waters 在 2:27p.m.的聊天信息“Yeah, my matedance music”可知，The Island Club 由非常好的 DJ 和音乐舞 曲，猜测 awesome 和 fantastic 有同意思，意为“极好的”。 45.A 细节理解题。由 Iggy Waters 在 2:26p.m.的聊天信息“Found out about a new place last night, check this out”可知，The Island C

28、lub 对于三人来说是一个新的地方，选择 A。 C(2018 山东潍坊) Researchers in the 1960s found bilingual（双语的）people scored higher on intelligence （智力）tests than monolingualspeople who speak only one language. The latest studies show that being bilingual does not necessarily make people cleverer, but it probably does make you

29、better at certain skills. Imagine driving down the highway. There are many things that could attract your attention and you really need to be able to watch all of them. Why would bilingualism make you any better at that？ The answer is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their atten

30、tiona function（功能）called the executive control system. Its quite possibly the most important system we have because its where all of your decisions about what to attend to, what to ignore（忽视），what to process are made. The best method to measure（测量）the executive control system is called the Stroop Te

31、st. Suppose you would have the word blue written in red but you have to say the colour red. But “blue” is so eye-catching, and you really want to say “blue”. You need to ignore it so that you can say the colour red. Thats the Stroop Test. Bilingual people continually practice this function. They hav

32、e to, because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to ignore one to be able to speak in the other. This exercise might help in other ways, too. Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have trends from different cultures. Bilingual adults are often four t

33、o five years later than others in developing Alzheimers disease. 文章出处： 或 46. What did the recent research find about bilingual people？ A. They can safely drive their cars. B. They can well manage their attention. C. They can have a better control of imagination. D. They can easily pick out the colou

34、rs they want. 47. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A. Red. B. Blue. C. Test. D System. 48. What can we learn from the last paragraph？ A. Bilingualism may do harm to peoples health. B Bilingualism helps children make more foreign friends. C. People must practice speaking tw

35、o languages continually. D. People use more active words from their mother languages. 49. What might be the best title for the text？ A. How does the Stroop Test work？ B. What is executive control system？ C Are monolingual people smarter？ D Are bilingual people better at some skills？ 体裁 说明文 话题 科学论断 词

36、数 296 【主旨大意】20 世界 60 年代的调查研究表明精通双语的人比说单一语言的人聪明。最近的研究表明精通 双语的人倒不一定比单一语言的人聪明，但通过色特鲁普实验发现精通双语的人两种语言在大脑里同时很 活跃，所以他们在舍弃信息、选择目标注意力这一过程中的执行能力更强。精通双语的孩子理解不同文化 的趋势更明显，精通双语的成年人患阿尔茨海默病(老年痴呆症) 比其他人也会推迟 4、5 年的时间。 日常生活中，我们见到或听说某人会几国语言的话，自然而然就会觉得此人很厉害，会觉得这样的人 比较聪明。那么，事实到底是怎样的呢？本文给了一个科学的答案。最新研究表明，说双语的人不一定比 说一种语言的人聪

37、明，但是他们的某些技能水平更高。 46. B 细节理解题。文章第三段第一句“The answer is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attentiona function（功能）called the executive control system.”知，双语者更善于控制自己的注意力。选项 B 正确。 47. B 细节理解题。代词 it 代指上文出现的单词或句子，在这句话前面即文章第四段第三句“But “blue” is so eye-catching, and you really want to s

38、ay “blue”.”知，这里代指“blue”。 48. B 细节理解题。文章最后一段倒数第二句 “Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have trends from different cultures.” 知，会双语的孩子更有可能有来自不同文化的趋势，这能帮助双语者结交更 多外国的朋友，选择 B。 49. D 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了双语者在一些技能上的表现。比如双语者行为控制系统更优秀， 能结交更多外国的朋友，老年痴呆症的症状这些人身上出现的更晚等。故选择 D。 D(2018 山东潍坊) It seems t

39、hat food deliverymen（送货员）are always in a hurry. They wear blue, red or yellow helmets and many of them dont follow traffic rules. 50 They use mobile phones while driving. These rude behaviors have caught the publics attention. In the first half of 2017, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in S

40、hanghai, according to Shanghai Public Security Bureau That means every two and a half days, a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road. 51 The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the anxious customers may be the answer. Many companies will fine（罚款）a deliveryman up to 2,0

41、00 yuan, if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. 52 To solve the problem, food delivery service companies need to improve their incentive systems, noted CRI Online. 53 Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a de

42、liveryman gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, then he will be banned（禁止） from driving food service delivery vehicles for a whole year. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Some cities are also taking action B. What are the strict rules used for？ C. What makes deliverymen take

43、 such risks？ D Fines also go to those who get bad reviews from customers E. They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights 体裁 说明文 话题 外卖快递员 词数 197 文章出自： 【主旨大意】 短文以上海市公安局 2017 年上半年的统计数据说明外卖快递员不遵守交通规则、驾驶过程 中使用手机、逆行和闯红灯等行为造成的恶果。短文接下来分析了导致快递员发生这种现象的原因以及解 决这些问题的措施。 (外卖小哥在送餐过程中，为了抢时间，为了多跑几趟单，多

44、赚点配送费，存在车速过快、闯红灯、逆 行、不戴安全头盔等严重的交通违法违规行为，极容易引发交通事故，酿成惨祸。让疾驰的外卖小哥“慢 下来”需多方努力。) 50. E【解析】短文第一段列举了外卖小哥在送餐过程中出现的一些交通违法行为，由空前“many of them dont follow traffic rule”知，许多外卖小哥不遵守交通规则，空后列出了不遵守规则中的一条，即骑车时打 电话，所以空格处应该也是不遵守规则中的一条，E 选项“他们逆行且闯红灯”填在此处合适。 51.C【解析】短文第三段空后一句“The strict rules of the food delivery servi

45、ce companies and the anxious customers may be the answer”知，“严格的送餐服务规定和焦急等待的顾客给出了答案”，给出了外卖小哥交 通违法的两个因素，可知空前应该是询问“是什么让送餐人员冒这样的风险？”，C 选项符合题意。 52.D 【解析】短文第三段空前一句给出了外卖小哥被罚款的一个原因“送餐不及时”，结合选项，D 选项也 是关于罚款的，“如果收到顾客差评也会被罚款”符合此空。选择 D。 53.A【解析】短文第四段给出了解决这一问题的一些措施，空前是“食品配送服务公司需要改进他们的激 励机制”，空后列举了几个城市（上海、深圳）的举措。空格

46、处应填写承上启下的一句，选项 A 符合题意， also 承上，some cities are taking action 启下。 第第卷（卷（共共 47 分）分） 五、(2018 山东潍坊)词汇应用（共 12 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 12 分） 阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 （north）state of America, which is the 33rd 2 （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, lik

47、e Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state. Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before 3 （Europe）came. The Dutch came first, 4 （follow）by Sweden. England started colonies（殖民地） later. After a few fights, they

48、5 （take） control of the land. Pennsylvania 6 （give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 （two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 （be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too！Today, Pennsylvan

49、ia is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well 9 （know）as the chocolate company. There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 （do） in Penns