第三章比较句式的翻译放映课件.ppt

1、比较句式的译法比较句式的译法比较句式的译法比较句式的译法这里主要介绍三种比较句式：这里主要介绍三种比较句式：等比句式等比句式 差比句式差比句式 极比句式极比句式 择比句式择比句式1等比句式：等比句式表示两个相比较的事物处于同样等比句式表示两个相比较的事物处于同样的情况，一般译作的情况，一般译作“同样同样”、“与与一一样样”、“既既又又”。A 由asas引导-The gift pleased her as much as what her husband had expected.像她丈夫所期望的那样，这件礼物让她很像她丈夫所期望的那样，这件礼物让她很高兴。高兴。-Army and people

2、 are as inseparable as fish and water.军民关系，如同鱼和水一样，密不可分。军民关系，如同鱼和水一样，密不可分。含有否定意义的情况：含有否定意义的情况：-It is a pity that journalists arent a tenth as good at receiving criticism as they are at dishing it out.令人遗憾的是，新闻记者很善于批评别令人遗憾的是，新闻记者很善于批评别人，却极不善于接受批评。人，却极不善于接受批评。B 由no more/less than，no more/lessthan,nota

3、ny more than引导的句子 由no more than,no morethan和notany more than引导，表示前者与后者一致，翻译为：“不正如不”、“和一样（不）”。例如：-He could no more be a valet than he could be a stockbroker or a wire-walker.贴身男仆的活他干不了贴身男仆的活他干不了,就像他当不了证券经就像他当不了证券经纪人纪人,也走不了钢丝一样。也走不了钢丝一样。-There was a huge library near the riverfront,but I knew that Neg

4、roes were not allowed to patronize its shelves any more than they were the parks and playgrounds of the city.该市江边有一个很大的图书馆该市江边有一个很大的图书馆,但我知道但我知道是不允许黑人去光顾它的书架的是不允许黑人去光顾它的书架的,正如不正如不许黑人进入市里的公园和体育场一样许黑人进入市里的公园和体育场一样。-The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than the greatness of a

5、 man is determined by his height.一个民族的伟大不取决于其人口多少一个民族的伟大不取决于其人口多少,正正如一个人的伟大不取决于他的身高。如一个人的伟大不取决于他的身高。由no less than 或 no lessthan引导，相当与asas,通常翻译成“同样”，“既也.”例如：-As regards our foreign policy,it is no less our interest than our duty to maintain the most friendly relations with other countries.关于我们的对外政策关于

6、我们的对外政策,维持和其他国家的友好维持和其他国家的友好关系关系,既是我们的义务既是我们的义务,也同样是我们的利益。也同样是我们的利益。C句型A is to B what C is to D,译作“A对于B,如同C对于D”。-A pen is to a writer what a gun to a soldier.作家的笔如同战士的枪。作家的笔如同战士的枪。-Air is to us what water is to fish.空气对于我们，犹如水对于鱼一样（重空气对于我们，犹如水对于鱼一样（重要）。要）。D由may as well as 引导,译作”可以同样也可”;由might as wel

7、l as 引导,译作”不可同样不可”。-One may as well watch TV at home as go to cinema.人们在家看电视人们在家看电视,如同到电影院看电影一样。如同到电影院看电影一样。-One might as well expect the leopard to change its spots as expect him to change his hot temper.如果指望他改掉火爆脾气如果指望他改掉火爆脾气,还不如指望豹子去掉还不如指望豹子去掉身上的斑点。身上的斑点。2差比句式 A由由more than,less than 引导引导,通常通常可译作可

8、译作“与其说与其说不如说不如说”。例如。例如:*两个形容词相比：-He is more diligent than clever.与其说他聪明，不如说他用功。与其说他聪明，不如说他用功。-It seems that I hadnt the faintest idea what“this matter”was,but I was more annoyed than interested.我一点儿也不知道我一点儿也不知道“这件事这件事”是指什么，是指什么，但我兴趣不大，倒觉得厌烦。但我兴趣不大，倒觉得厌烦。*两个名词相比：-He is more of a good teacher than a h

9、elpful friend.他是益友，更是良师。他是益友，更是良师。-It was a curious exchange,less a debate than a quarrel between the old couple.这是一次奇妙的交锋，与其说是老夫妇这是一次奇妙的交锋，与其说是老夫妇之间的一场辩论，不如说是一次争吵。之间的一场辩论，不如说是一次争吵。-Fitness is being pursued by millions who realize that their medical fate lies more in their own than in their physicia

10、ns hands.成千上万的人追求健康，因为他们认识成千上万的人追求健康，因为他们认识到，自己的健康状况与其说是掌握在医到，自己的健康状况与其说是掌握在医生手里，倒不如说是由自己掌握的。生手里，倒不如说是由自己掌握的。B由more than引导的比较句用在名词前，译作:“不仅仅是”,“不只是”（与no more than恰恰相反，它是“只是”“仅仅”的意思）。-The first object observed by Galileo,naturally enough,was the Moon.He was the first to see more than the shadows that

11、peoples imaginations has made into shapes.伽利略观察的第一个天体自然是月球。他所伽利略观察的第一个天体自然是月球。他所看到的已看到的已不再仅仅不再仅仅是被人们相象成各种形态是被人们相象成各种形态的阴影。的阴影。More than用在动词前，译作：“不仅仅”、“远远”、“大大地”-You will come to understand that the gold medals will more than bring you honor.你会逐渐明白金牌不仅仅给你带来荣誉。你会逐渐明白金牌不仅仅给你带来荣誉。More than 用在形容词前，译作“分外”

12、、“非常”、“岂止而已”。-Reagan was more than cordid to Ford as they met for 65 minutes.在在65分钟的会谈中，里根对福特表现得分外分钟的会谈中，里根对福特表现得分外亲切。亲切。-To our great surprise,they were more than delighted to stay in the crowded town.令我们大为惊讶的是，他们竟很乐意呆在拥令我们大为惊讶的是，他们竟很乐意呆在拥挤不堪的城里。挤不堪的城里。Call/none/so much+the+比较级，译作“更加”、“还是”。-Her mot

13、her asked her to stop playing water,but she only did it all the more.她母亲叫她别再玩水了，但她却玩得更厉害她母亲叫她别再玩水了，但她却玩得更厉害了。了。-The skirt hung in the cupboard is no longer fashionable nowadays,but I treasure it none the less.挂在厨子里的那条裙子现在已不再流行了，挂在厨子里的那条裙子现在已不再流行了，而我还是珍惜它。而我还是珍惜它。-So much the worse for you if you do

14、not follow the instructions.如果你不按说明去做，那就更糟了。如果你不按说明去做，那就更糟了。-Her letter says that she is none the wiser for my patient explanation.她来信说，听了我耐心的解释以后，还她来信说，听了我耐心的解释以后，还是不明白。是不明白。Dnot so muchas，译作“与其说是不如说是”，否定前面的，肯定后面的。-The boy is not so much unintelligent as uneducated.与其说这男孩不聪明，不如说他没受过教育。与其说这男孩不聪明，不如说

15、他没受过教育。-According to the new school of scientists,science moves forward not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.根据新学派的科学家的观点，科学的发展与其说是源根据新学派的科学家的观点，科学的发展与其说是源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说是由于改进的技术和于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说是由于改进的技术和工具等更为普遍的东西

16、。工具等更为普遍的东西。-The guy got promoted not so much by his utter devotion to his work as by fawning upon his superior.那老兄得到提升，与其说是靠对工作的那老兄得到提升，与其说是靠对工作的完全投入，不如说是靠巴结上司。完全投入，不如说是靠巴结上司。-It was not so much his appearance I appreciated as his personality.与其说我欣赏他的外表，不如说我欣赏与其说我欣赏他的外表，不如说我欣赏他的性格。他的性格。Eno/nothing/

17、never/little/more than,常译作“不过是”、“就是”、“只是”-One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.人们只要瞥一眼就能看出蜘蛛和昆虫的人们只要瞥一眼就能看出蜘蛛和昆虫的区别，因为蜘蛛总是有八条腿，而昆虫区别，因为蜘蛛总是有八条腿，而昆虫的腿只有六条。的腿只有六条。3极比句式 Aas as any,常译作常译作“最最”。-Mark Twain was as humorous as a

18、ny writer in the world.马克马克吐温是世界上最幽默的作家。吐温是世界上最幽默的作家。-It is said that the weather here is as agreeable as any in the whole country.据说，这儿的天气是全国最宜人的。据说，这儿的天气是全国最宜人的。类似的词组还有：类似的词组还有：As fast as any can be,as soon as any possible,as romantic as any imaginable,as early as any permissible,as high as any at

19、tainable。B否定词比较级结构和类似nothing is morethan,few things are morethan,nothing is asas这样的结构，常译作“没有比更”或“最”。-He claimed that few are better qualified for the job than he is.他宣称没有什么人比他做这工作更合适了。-No issue is more emotion-rousing than food,because no issue is as basic to individual and national survival as food

20、.没有什么问题比粮食更能激起人们的情没有什么问题比粮食更能激起人们的情绪，因为粮食是个人和国家生存的最根绪，因为粮食是个人和国家生存的最根本的问题。本的问题。Cthe last+n.常译作“极少可能的”、“极端的”、“最不适当的”。-He would be the last man to say such words.他绝不会说这种话。他绝不会说这种话。-The aggressors committed the last crime in World War II.在第二次世界大战中，侵略者犯下了最在第二次世界大战中，侵略者犯下了最恶劣的罪行。恶劣的罪行。Dno+amount/degree/e

21、ffort+of,译作“即使最”。-No amount of facts can prove that he is innocent.再多的事实也证明不了他是无辜的。再多的事实也证明不了他是无辜的。4.择比句择比句“宁愿宁愿也不也不”-Modern people prefer living in the suburbs to squeezing in downtown.现代人宁愿住在郊区，也不愿挤在市中心。现代人宁愿住在郊区，也不愿挤在市中心。-The poor girl would sooner die than marry that rich old man.那个可怜的女孩宁死也不愿嫁给那

22、个有钱的那个可怜的女孩宁死也不愿嫁给那个有钱的老头子。老头子。Exercises 1.The computer is a far more careful and industrial inspector than human beings.2.Americans have a warmth and friendliness which is less superficial than many foreigners think.3.No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism,as well as abilities,of the

23、 very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house.4.I was all the more delighted when,as a result of the initiative of your Government,it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.Homework 1.In no country other that England,it had been said,can one experience four seasons in the cours

24、e of a single day.2.This symbol,however,has always been inadequate and misleading,for technology has always been more than factories and machines.3.Rather than a punishment or a burden,work is the opportunity to realize ones potential.4.A home without love is no more a home than a body without a sou

25、l is a man.5.Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition of body.6.Success in life does not depend so much on ones school record as on ones honesty and diligence.7.Money is the last thing he wants,and you wont succeed by offering it.8.He would rather resign than take part in such dishonest business deals.9.A man who has received a kindness cannot be too grateful for it.10.A book may be compared to your neighbor;if it be good,it cannot last too long;if bad,you cannot get rid of it too early.