1、【备战高考】非谓语动词练习题带答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1The woman, when _ how her husband was injured, began to cry.AaskedBto askCaskingDask【答案】A【解析】2In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, _ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.Amaking Bmade Cmake Dmakes【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中
2、国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。3Life is a journey _with hardships, joys and special moments.AfilledBto fillCfillingDhaving filled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词,句意:生命是一个充满艰辛,快乐和特别时刻的旅程。在题干中_with hardship做journey的后置定语,与所修饰的journey构成被动关系,所以使用过去分词filled。be filled wi
3、th做定语的时候,可以把be去掉。也可以转换成定语从句。故选A。4I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired.Atake Btaking Cto take Dtaken【答案】C【解析】句意:我停下车来休息一会儿,因为我感觉累了。此处动词不定式表目的,故选C。【考点定位】考查非谓语动词5(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ more patients to be treated.Abeing allowedBallowingChavi
4、ng allowedDallowed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备,允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系,用doing即现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行;C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生;D. allowed表示被动且完成,故选B。【点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词的成分,和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。6Pressed from his
5、 parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.ArealizingBrealizedCto realizeDbeing realized【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间,这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语,主语the boy与press是被动关系,但是与realize是主动,所以是现在分词做状语,选A。7The lecture
6、, _at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.AstartingBbeing startedCto startDto be started【答案】A【解析】选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系,故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时,常表示动作尚未发生,故排除C项,此处用现在分词作后置定语,表示主动。第四步:根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.ing形式/不定式的完成式;如果同时进行用v.in
7、g形式或不定式的进行式;如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后用不定式的一般式。8The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.Abeing completedBto be completedCcompletedDhaving been completed【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法,句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The a
8、irport和complete是被动关系,用不定式的被动做定语。9When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.AblockBto blockCblockingDblocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时,我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补,动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系,构成短语see sb/ sth done。故选D。10Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good
9、 way to have her written English _ in a short period.AimprovedBimprovingCto improveDimprove【答案】A【解析】宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。11He got up late and hurried to his office, _ the breakfast untouched.AleftBto leaveCleavingDhaving left【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他起晚了,没有吃早饭就匆忙赶往办公室。he与leave是主
10、谓关系,即他让.处于某种状态,应该用现在分词表伴随状况,排除A、B;“hurried”和“leaving”两个动作是同时发生的,当两个动作有时间先后关系时,需要使用现在分词的完成式,排除D;leave the breakfast untouched没有动早餐,故选C。12Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound BfindingChaving found Dto find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信
11、息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上网的目的。故选D。13Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend _Chongqing.Athat; to visit Bwhen; to visitCthat; visiting Dwhen; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。句意:彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When引导时间状语从句,that引导结果状语从句;to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。Visiting限定friend做后置定语,句意改变了。选B。14Be ca
12、reful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when _ to sunlight.AexposedBto exposeCexposingDbeing exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与。句意:处理这种化学物质时要小心,因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A正确。考点:考查非谓语动词15We cant go out in this weather, said Bob, _ out of the window.AlookingBto lookClookedDhav
13、ing looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意:Bob看着窗外说:“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行,we与look之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。16Hearing the news, she rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance.Aleft; lain openBleft; lay openedCleaving; lie openedDleaving; lying open【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在分
14、词。句意:听见这个消息,她冲了出去,留在书本打开着放在桌子上,就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系,使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式,open是形容词表示状态,lying open是宾语补足语,对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。【点睛】leave的几种用法leave除了离开之外,还有以下几种用法:一、作留下、丢下、落下,常表示某物落在/忘在某地。二、 表示留给、交给,一般与介词with或to搭配。三、 leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。 用形容词作宾语补足语 用不定式作宾语补足语 用现在分词作宾语补
15、足语 用过去分词作宾语补足语 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语 四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示剩下的。五、 leave还可作名词,表示休假、假期。分析句子可知,leave作使役动词,表示使/ 让保持某种状态。第一空leaving是一个现在分词做状语的用法,因为leave与he构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式,open是一个形容词表示状态,Lying open是宾语补足语,对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。17Distinguished guests and friends, welco
16、me to our school, _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.AAttendBTo attendCAttendingDHaving attended【答案】C【解析】主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning
17、非谓语动词作伴随状语。18New policies, _ to insure that compulsory education is truly free, _ by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1.Aintending; have been made knownBintended; have been made knownCintending; are made knownDintended; had made known【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态及语态
18、。句意:自从9月1号开学以来,为了确保义务教育是真的免费的政策已经被全国各地的政府知晓。分析句式结构,第一空处是做policies的定语,且与其是被动关系,此处是过去分词短语做后置定语;根据上文可知,新的政策已经被知道,要用现在完成时,主语是policies,与谓语make known之间是被动关系,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选B。【点睛】动词作为常考词性,要求考生掌握其精确的用法,在考查其谓语形式是常考动词的时态和语态,语态主要靠分析出主谓关系和动宾关系。对于被动语态首先要知道其基本结构(be done),其次是要根据需要的时态和人称选择be的形式。本小题对时态和语态均进行了考查,要求考生
19、们全面分析试题,不可顾此失彼。19The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _.Ato miss Bto have been missing Chaving missed Dmissing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:新闻报道称,印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人,据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with
20、的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。【点睛】动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。1)不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。不定式的完成式不定式的完成时表达下列意义:a. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。b. 用在intended
21、, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后,不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作, to have been表示状态。C .用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后,表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。不定式的完成进行式表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,而且一直进行着。 come + 不定式表示一个动作发生的过程He will come to understand it in t
22、he end.他最终会懂得的。分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with的符合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。20_ with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.AOccupyingBBeing occupiedCOccupiedDHaving occupied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于经理忙于各种事务,几乎没有时间
23、好好睡一觉。“经理”和“占用”之间是被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语,故选C。21I think it a great honor _ to visit your country.Ato inviteBinvitingChaving invitedDto be invited【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查不定式用法。句意:我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。故D正确。【点睛】本句考查不定式作真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:consider,
24、 think, make, find, believe, feel, guess.。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。22The discovery of new evidence led to _.Athe thief having caughtBcatch the thiefCthe thief being caughtDthe thief to be caught【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:新证据的发现导致小偷被捕。由句子结构可知,此处to是介词,其需接动名词作宾语,此处the t
25、hief作动名词的逻辑主语;the thief与catch之间是被动关系,所以此处需用动名词的复合结构的被动形式。故选C。23A great number of students _ said they were forced to practice the piano.Ato questionBto be questionedCquestionedDquestioning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意:很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。students与question构成被动关系,表示被询问的学生。B项不定式表示将来,,而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选C项。24T
26、he poor girl, _ for not finishing homework on time, is in low sprits now.AscoldingBbeing scoldedChaving been scoldedDto be scolded【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个可怜的女孩,因为没按时完成作业而被责骂,现在情绪低落。分析句子结构可知,scold在句中做非谓语动词,且scold发生在is之前,与逻辑主语girl构成被动,故用having been done形式。故选C。25(重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can f
27、ind their way_ the sun and the stars.AusedBhaving usedCusingDuse【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:象古代的水手,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find,故use用非谓动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语birds是主动关系,用现在分词做伴随状语,根据句意,use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时,用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它的特点是:它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,这个考点在高考中经常出现,本题考查的是分词做伴随状语,分为现在
28、分词和过去分词,现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义; 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件,希望得到更多的信息; He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅,后面跟着两个警卫。26A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _, The Wandering Earth took home the award the Be
29、st Picture.Ato presentBhaving presentedCbeing presentedDpresented【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意:在颁的19个金鸡奖中,流浪地球获得了最佳影片奖。分析句子可知,A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _是独立主格结构,a total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards和present之间为被动关系,且这个动作已完成,故用过去分词presented表被动和完成,故选D项。【点睛】本句考查独立主格独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句
30、子。其结构为:名词/代词+to do/ doing/done/adj/ adv/ n以本题为例:因为前后两部分有独立的主语,且没有连接词,故判断前面部分是独立主格结构,名词a total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards和present之间为被动关系,且这个动作已完成,故用过去分词presented表被动和完成。27(北京)_ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrderingBTo orderCHaving orderedDOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词
31、。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.,故选D。【点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句;on doing sth. =as soon as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as,since,because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状
32、语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus,thereby,only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。28 _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.AThe president will attendBThe president to attendC
33、The president attendedDThe presidents attending【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞。根据句子成分分析判定缺主语,故用动名词短语作主语,故选D。29When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you, will call you later.”AreadBreadingCreadsDto read【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你
34、,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。30When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.AaskingBaskedChaving askedDto be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view abou
35、t his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。考点:考查省略的用法。点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,_ is more true than any other.A.once gained B.when to gainC.after gaining D.while gaining解析:A。考查省略句。once gained = once it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。
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