译林版小学六年级上册英语全册各单元短语句型大全总结(DOC 29页).docx

1、译林版小学六年级上册英语全册各单元短语、句型大全总结Unit 1 The kings new clothes一、核心短语the kings new clothes皇帝的新衣long long ago很久以前One day某一天visit the king拜访国王try on these clothes试穿这些衣服show the king his new clothes给国王看他的新衣these magic clothes这些神奇的衣服clever people 聪明的人foolish people愚蠢的人walk through the city走过这座城市in/ wear his new

2、clothes 穿着他的新衣a little boy一个小男孩point at the king指着国王fit well非常合身tell a story讲故事each student每个学生the next sentence下一句think hard努力地想have to不得不in front of the house在房子前面;walk by the house步行经过房子shout at the old man对着老人大喊give me your child 把你的孩子给我be nice to her对她很好look after him照顾他turn into a prince变成王子二、

3、 重点句型1. My king, we can make new clothes for you.我的国王，我们可以给您做新衣服。【解析】can为情态动词，后面跟动词原形;“make sth.for sb.意为“为某人制作某物,for为介词，后面如果跟人称代词需要用其宾格形式。My mother can make dresses for me.我妈妈可以给我做连衣裙。They are making a birthday cake for Su Hai.他们正在为苏海制作一个生日蛋糕。2. The two men showed the king his new clothes.这两个人给国王看他

4、的新衣服。show意为“眼览，展示，后面通常限双宾语，即show sb sth. (show sth. to sb.)。刘涛向我展示了他的新自行车。3. The king waked through the city in his new clothes.国王穿着他的新衣服步行穿过这座城市。【解析】(1)through是介词，常与run, walk等动词连用，表示“穿过”。主要表示从物体内部穿过。例句The two friends were walking through the forest.这两个朋友正在穿过森林。(2)此句中的介词in与表示衣物的词连用，意为“穿着,藏着”。拓展in,we

5、ar 和put on的区别:In、wear都着重于“穿”和“藏”的状态但两者词性不同.in是介词,wear是动词:put on是动词词组，者重于“穿”和“戴”的动作。Mary was in her red dress.玛丽穿着她的红色连衣裙。I like wearing jeans.我喜欢穿牛仔裤。Put on your jacket, Liu Tao.刘涛,穿上你的夹克衫。4. What beautiful clothes!多么漂亮的衣服啊!解析此句为由what引导的感叹句。感叹句有三种常见句型结构:(1)What +a/an十形容词十可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!(2)What+形容词十可

6、数名词复数/不可数名词(十主语+谓语)!(3)How+形容词/副词(+主语十谓语)!例句What an interesting story!多么有趣的故事啊!What happy children (they are)!多么快乐的孩子们啊!How happy the children are!孩子们多快乐啊!5. Each student says one sentence. 每个学生说一句 。【解析】 each意为“每个”。拓展each和every的区别:each强调个别,有“各自”的含义;every强调整体，有“所有人”的含义。Each student has his or her own

7、 habit.每个学生都有自己的习惯。Every student in this class has a hike这个班里的每个学生都有辆自行车。6.It is Bobbys turn.轮到博比了。【解析】“It is ones turn.意为“轮到某人(做某事)了。”句子当中的ones 可以用形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格来替换，它的完整形式为“It is ones turn to do sth。例句Its his turn to tell a story. 轮到他讲故事了。Its Mikes turn to sing a song.轮到迈克唱歌了。7. One day, we can mo

8、ve the mountains away.总有一天,我们可以把大山移走。【解析】 move . away意为“把.搬走/移走”。例句Please move your car away.请把你的车开走。Unit 2 What a day!一、核心短语go to the park去公园a parrot show一场鹦鹉秀some interesting parrots一些有趣的鹦鹉fly kites high风筝放得高in the sky在天上become windy and cloudy变得有风和多云的bring some dumplings带来一些饺子some bread and honey

9、一些面包和蜂蜜on the bread and honey在面包和蜂蜜上some drinks 一些饮料black clouds乌云hungry and wet又饿又湿look sad看起来很伤心lose my new kite丢了我的新风筝this morning 今天早上climb up the hill爬上小山fly too high飞得太高hold onto it抓紧它fly away飞走near the hill在小山附近二、重点句型1.What a day!多么糟糕的一天!解析这是一个由what引导的感叹句,含有令人难忘的意味。根据具体的语境，还可译为“多么倒霉的一天!”“多么忙碌

10、的一天!”或“多么美好的一天!”。例句What a day! That was so much fun! 真棒的一天!真是太好玩了!2.It was sunny in the morning.早上天气晴朗。解析此句描述过去的天气情况，基本结构为“It was+表示天气的形容词+其他”。表示天气的形容词，般由名词加y构成。如:rain+y rainycloud +ycloudysun(双写n)+ysunnywind+ywindy例句It was windy yesterday. We flew kites in the park.昨天有风。我们在公园里放了风筝。3. Su Hai, Mike,

11、Liu Tao and I went to the park by bike.我和苏海、迈克、刘涛骑自行车去了公园。【解析】by bike和ride a bike都有“骑自行车”的意思。by bike是介词短语，在句中作状语。ride a bike是动词短语，在句中作谓语。例句I ride a bike to school every day. =I go to school by bike every day.我每天骑自行车上学。4.It was time for lunch.该吃午饭了。【解析】“It is/was time for sth. 意为“该到做某事的时间了”。注意for后面跟名

12、词，它的同义句型为“It is/was time to do sth.,to后面跟动词或动词短语。例句It was time for bed. =It was time to go to bed. 该上床睡觉了。5. In the afternoon. there were black clouds in the sky.下午，天空有一些乌云。【解析】此句为 There be句型的般过去时,were为are的过去式,后面跟可数名词的复数形式。如果句子中的be动词为was,即is的过去式，后面则跟可数名词的单数形式或者不可数名词。There be句型遵循就近原则。例句There were man

13、y children in the playground. 操场上有很多学生。There was a bird in the tree.树上有一只小鸟。There was some milk in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些牛奶。There was some honey and bread in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些蜂蜜和面包。6. This morning, Tina and I flew my new kite in the park, but it wasnt windy in the park.今天早上，我和蒂娜在公园里放我的新风筝,但是公园里没风。【解析】此

14、句中的windy为形容词，意为“有风的”。“It wasnt windy in the park.的同义句为There was no wind in the park.Unit 3 Holiday fun一、核心短语holiday fun假日乐趣come back to school回到学校National Day国庆节visit my aunt拜访我的阿姨go to the Bund去(上海)外滩Shanghai Museum上海博物馆great fun很有趣go to a farm去一个农场near Star Lake在星星湖边pick some oranges摘一些橙子catch a b

15、ig fish捉到了一条大鱼give you the fish把鱼给你Great Wall长城Palace Museum故宫Summer Palace颐和园Tian anmen Square天安门广场fashion show时装表演，时装秀a paper T-shirt 一件纸T恤ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事wear paper clothes穿着纸衣服ask about打听有.go well进展顺利at first开始，最初heavy rain大雨the Car Museum汽车博物馆go for the holiday去度假二、重点句型1. The student

16、s came back to school after the National Day holiday.国庆假期之后,学生们回到了学校。【解析】come back to意为“回到.”,其后一般接表示地点的名词。如果其后接home, there, here等副词，则不能加介词to。例句Mr Green came back home last night. 格林先生昨晚回到了家里。2. Where did you go for the holiday? 你去哪里度假了?【解析】此句为由where引导的一般过去时的特殊疑问句，where是用来询问地点的疑问副词。例句：Where did Mike

17、go last night?昨天晚上迈克去哪里了?He went to the cinema.他去电影院了。3. What did you do there?你在那里做了什么?【解析】此句为由what引导的一般过去时的特殊疑问句,what是用来询问“什么”的疑问代词。例句What did she do last summer holiday?她去年暑假做了什么?4. How was your holiday, Mike?迈克，你的假期怎么样?【解析】“How was .?”意为.怎.么样?”，用来询问某人或某物过去某个时间情况怎么样。例句How was your weekend?你的周末怎么样

18、?It was great fun.它很有趣。5.Why did you call me?你为什么打电话给我?Because I wanted to give you the fish.因为我想把鱼给你。【解析】问旬为由why引导的一般过去时的特殊疑问句,why是用来询问原因的疑问副词，句式为“Why+一般疑问句?”，答句通常为“Because.”例句Why did you come to school late this morning?今天早上你为什么上学迟到了? Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。give sb.sth.意为“给某人某物”。give后通常跟双宾语

19、，即give sb.sth.(=give sth. to sb.)。例句：Give me some oranges. = Give some oranges to me. 给我一些橙子。She is excited about the show.她对这场表演感到兴奋。【解析】be excited about意为.对.感到兴奋，.而激动”,about后接事或物。拓展excited和exciting 的区别:excited表示“兴奋的;激动的”,指人或物对某事物感到兴奋、激动;exciting表示“使人兴奋的;令人激动的”，指人、事、物本身让人兴奋、激动。例句The boy was excited

20、 to see so many interesting things. 这个男孩看到这么多有趣的东西很兴奋。This football match is so exciting. 这场足球比赛如此令人兴奋。7.Tina asks Bobby about Sam.蒂娜询问博比关于萨姆的事情。【解析】ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人关于某事”。例句I asked him about the party. 我询问了他关于聚会的事情。8.Did the show go well?表演进行得顺利吗?【解析】go well意为“进展顺利”。例句Everything is going ve

21、ry well. 一切都很顺利。Unit 4 Then and now一、核心短语1.then and now过去和现在2. mobile phone移动电话,手机3. make friends 交朋友4. all over the world全世界5. do shopping购物6. look out of .外看7.go on继续8. make a sentence造句9.six years ago六年前10. do many things做许多事情11. twenty years ago二十年前12. write letters (to sb.) (给某人)写信13.at home在家1

22、4. in the office在办公室15. call sb.给某人打电话16. write emails写电子邮件17. listen to the radio听收音机18. on the Internet 在网上19. read e-books看电子书20. work hard努力工作21. get angry变得生气22.buy things from shops从商店买东西23.listen to me听我说24. in the cake在蛋糕里25. watch news看新闻26. an English lesson-节英语课27. look out of the window朝

23、窗外看28. on holiday在度假29.wait for the answer等待答案30. spell it拼写它31. make a sentence with .用.造句32. read newspapers for news看报纸获取新闻33.from all over the world来自世界各地的34.what day is today今天是星期几二、重点句型1. Six years ago, Mike could read and draw, but he could not write. Now he can do many things. 六年前，迈克会读书和画画，但

24、他不会写字。现在他会做许多事情。解析ago是副词，与表示时间的词组连用，如long long ago,two days ago,five years ago等。这些含有ago的短语，通常用于一般过去时的句子中。例句He ate an apple an hour ago. 一个小时前，他吃了一个苹果。can是情态动词,用来描述某人/物具有某种能力，意为“能;会”，没有人称和数的变化,后面跟动词原形。can的过去式为could,can/could的否定形式为cannot/ could not或cant/couldnt。can/could 引导的一般疑问句结构为“Can/Could+主语十动词原形+

25、其他?”,用来询问对方是否具有某种能力。其回答为“Yes，主语+can/could./No，主语+cant/couldnt. 例句Could you play basketball five years ago?五年前你会打篮球吗?No, I couldnt.不，我不会。2. Twenty years ago, Mr Brown wrote letters to his friends. 二十年前，布朗先生给他的朋友们写信。【解析】wrote为write的过去式。write a letter/letters to sb.意为“给某人写信”，也可用“write to sb./write sb.

26、a letter/letters来表达。例句Im writing a letter to my friend. =I m writing to my friend. =Im writing my friend a letter.我正在给我的朋友写信。3. He used the telephone at home and in the office to call people.他在家里和办公室里用电话给人们打电话。【解析】use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”。(例句We can use water to wash clothes.我们可以用水洗衣服。call意为“(.

27、打电话”，后面可加名词或人称代词的宾格形式。例句Please call my mum.请给我妈妈打电话。My brother called me last night.我弟弟昨晚给我打电话了。4.She bought things from shops.她从商店买东西。【解析】bought为buy的过去式,buy sth. from sp.意为“从某处买东西”。“买东西给某人”的短语为buy sb. sth./buy sth. for sb.。例句We often buy things from the shopping centre. 我们经常从购物中心买东西。5. The lesson g

28、oes on, but Bobby is still looking out of the window.课继续进行，但是博比仍然朝窗外看。【解析】go on意为“(情况、形势)继续下去,持续”,类似的词组有walk on(继续走)。例句The party went on until midnight. 派对一直持续到半夜。still在句中是副词，意为“仍然;还;依旧”。例句Mum, Im still hungry!妈，我还饿!6.Bobby,what day is today?博比，今天是星期几?Its Wednesday,Miss Fox.今天是星期三，狐狸老师。单解析“What day.

29、?是用来询问星期几的特殊疑问句句式。其答语一般为“Its+星期几。”。例句 What day is today? 今天是星期几?Its Monday.今天是星期一。Unit 5 Signs一、核心短语1. shopping centre购物中心2.go in进人，走进3. take . into 带人4. no eating or drinking请勿饮食5.No littering请勿乱扔垃圾6. no parking请勿停车7.No smoking请勿吸烟8. what does it mean它是什么意思9.wet floor小心地滑10.at a shopping centre在一家购

30、物中心11. be careful小心12.a juice shop一家饮品店13.want some juice想要一些果汁14.eat some noodles吃一些面条15. in a restaurant在一家餐馆16.on an outing在郊游17. in the forest在森林里18. feel tired and hungry感觉又累又饿19. look for寻找20. on a tree在一棵树上21.find a sign发现一个标识22. see a lot of monkeys看见许多猴子23. around them在他们周围24. look at看着25.

31、walk on继续走路26.some public places一些公共场所二、重点句型1. Mike, Helen and Tim are at a shopping centre.迈克，海伦和蒂姆在一家购物中心。解析：at a shopping centre意为“在一家购物中心”，大型购物场所除了shopping centre外，还有supermarket(超市)，shopping mall(购物广场)，department store(百货公司)等。2. What does it mean?它是什么意思?It means the floor is wet.意思是地面湿滑。解析：本句中me

32、an表示意思是, it指代the sign.所以我们还能用What does this/that sign men?来提问，其答句均为“It means.”此类句型的复数形式为“What do the/these signs/ those signs mean? ，其答句为They mean.”例句 What do these signs mean?这些标识是什么意思?They mean we cant eat or drink here.它们的意思是我们不能在这里饮食。3.Do you want some juice?你们想要一些果汁吗? Yes, please.好的，拜托你了。解析：“Do

33、 you want some .?”表示征求对方的意见或建议对方做某事。some 通常在此句型中表示希望得到对方的肯定回答,不能用any。其答语一般为“Yes, please./No, thanks.。其同义句有“Would you like some .?你想要些.吗?)/What about/How about .怎么样?)”。例句Do you want some tea?你想要些茶吗?No, thanks. 不了,谢谢。Would you like some coffee? 你想要些咖啡吗?4. You cant take your juice into the shop. Helen.

34、 海伦,你不能把你的果汁带进商店。解析：take和bring都有“带.到”的意思。take意为“带去”,表示从说话者所处位置向另一处;bring意为“带来”，表示从另一处向说话者所处位置。例句Su Hai, please bring the book to me and take the flowers to Helen.苏海，请把那本书拿给我，再把这些花带给海伦。5. Please dont smoke here.请不要在这儿吸烟。解析：“Please dont.”是祈使句的否定形式，用来提醒别人不要做某事，意为“请不.,也可用“Dont . please.”来表达。其答语通常为“Im so

35、rry./Sorry.”。例句Please dont eat in class, Liu Tao. 刘涛，请不要在课上吃东西。Im sorry, Mr Green.对不起,格林先生。Dont close the door, please. 请不要关门。6. They find a sign on a tree.他们发现树上有个标识。【解析】on the tree和in the tree都有“在树上”的意思。on the tree表示东西附着在树上或花果等东西长在树上;in the tree 表示外来的东西在树上。例句There are many apples on the tree. 树上有很

36、多苹果。There are two kites in the tree. 树上有两只风筝。Unit 6 Keep our city clean一、核心短语1. keep our city clean保持我们城市的整洁2. look at these pictures 看这些图片3. smoke from cars汽车尾气4. move . away from .从.搬走5. a lot of rubbish许多垃圾6.make our city dirty使我们的城市变脏7. dead fish死鱼8. make the air dirty使空气变脏9. take the metro to s

37、chool乘地铁上学10. walk to school步行上学11. rubbish in the water水里的垃圾12.pick.up捡起，拾起13. plant more trees 种更多的树14. your ideas你的想法15. well done做得好16. fly away飞走17. clean the desks and chairs擦课桌椅18. come back回来19. sweep the floor扫地20. black smoke from factories 来自工厂的黑烟21. make the streets messy and dirty 使街道脏乱

38、22.put rubbish in the bin把垃圾放进垃圾桶23. throw rubbish on the floor 把垃圾扔在地上24. move some factories away from our city把一些工厂从我们的城市搬离25. help keep the air clean帮助净化空气26.slip on the banana skin被香蕉皮滑倒二、重点句型1. What makes our city dirty? 什么使我们的城市变脏了?解析：make在此句中意为“使.变得.”.我们在前面单元中还学习了make表示“制作”的意思。特殊疑问词what,who,

39、which等作主语时，这些疑问词相当于第三人称单数,所以一般现在时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,此句make需要加S。例句Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty.垃圾使街道变得又乱又脏。Fruit can make us healthy and strong.水果可以使我们健康强壮。I can make clothes for you.我可以为你制作衣服。2.What can we do to keep our city clean?为了保持我们城市干净，我们可以做些什么呢?解析：本句中to keep our city clean是不定式短语,作状语

40、,用来说明what can we do的目的。例句We can study hard to get high grades.我们可以努力学习来获得好成绩。3. We can walk to school too.我们也可以步行上学。解析：walk to school意为“步行上学”。walk和on foot 都有“步行”的意思。on foot是介词短语，表示方式,在句中作状语;walk是动词，在句中作谓语。例句We walk to school every day. =We go to school on foot every day.我们每天步行上学。4. They help keep th

41、e air clean. 它们有助于保持空气干净。【解析】)help sb. (to) do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,to可以省略。同义词组为help sb. with sth. (帮助某人做某事)。例句Can you help me (to) learn English?一Can you help me with my English?你能帮助我学英语吗?拓展: help也可以作名词，是不可数名词。例句Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。5.Pick it up.把它捡起来。解析：pick up是动词短语。如果需要接宾语时,宾语放在up前面或者后面均可;但如

42、果宾语是人称代词，就必须将它放在两者之间。例句Pick up the banana skin. = Pick the banana skin up. 把香蕉皮捡起来。Pick it/them up.把它/它们捡起来。6.Billy goes to hospital.比利去医院看病。解析：表示“去医院看病”时，英国英语是go to hospital,而美国英语则是go to the hospital。例句You should go to hospital. (英国英语)You should go to the hospital. (美国英语)你应该去医院看病。Unit 7 Protect the

43、 Earth一、核心短语1. protect our Earth保护我们的地球2. save water节约用水3. how to protect the Earth怎样保护地球4. waste water 浪费水5.use water to clean things用水清洗东西6. in many places在许多地方7. come from从.,来自8.cut down砍伐，砍掉9. too many太多10.too much太多11.much coal and oil许多煤炭和石油12.save energy节约能源13.most of our energy我们的大部分能源14. dr

44、ive so much开车太多15.reuse these things再次利用这些东西16. come from trees来自树木17.use a lot of energy使用很多能源18. be bad for the Earth对地球有害19. cut down too many trees砍伐太多的树20. too much plastic 太多塑料21.use wood to make tables用木头做桌子南22.many other things许多别的东西23. too many plastic bags太多塑料袋24. collect plastic bottles收集

45、塑料瓶子25. do a project做一个课题26.make a poster制作一张海报27. tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事28. at the school gate在学校大门口二、重点句型1. In many places there is not much water.在许多地方没有很多水。解析句子中的much和many，均为“许多”的意思。但是many用复数形式。much修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。例句I have many storybooks.我有许多故事书。There is much water on the ground.地上有许多水。2

46、. There is not much coal or oil on Earth.地球上没有很多媒炭和石油。当Earth的首字母改为小写时，即on earth,且多用于疑问词后意为“究竟，到底”，是一个习惯用语。例句：What on earth does your mother mean?你妈妈究竟是什么意思?Who on earth told you that thing?那件事究竟是谁告诉你的?3. We should not drive so much.我们不应该开车太多。解析should/ shouldnt均为情态动词,用来提醒人们应当/不应当做什么，should为肯定形式,shouldnt为否定形式,其后均跟动词原形。例句We should save energy. 我们应该节约能源。You shouldnt drive after drinking.你不应该酒后驾车。4. We use plastic to make b