构造地质学-chap5-岩石力学性质课件.ppt

1、Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural Geology构构 造造 地地 质质 学学核资源工程学院核资源工程学院主讲教师 谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石压缩拉伸Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 eStru

2、ctural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 t(e)Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 HStructural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石S

3、tructural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 eEStructural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 2 Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石 eStructural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石e y Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲

4、教师：谢焱石 物质组成物质组成 结构构造结构构造 温度温度 压力压力 流体流体 时间时间 应变速率应变速率Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石物质组成物质组成Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石n结构构造结构构造 导致岩石导致岩石的各向异性的各向异性Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of So

5、uth China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South C

6、hina主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主

7、讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢

8、焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教

9、师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石只有在晶粒很细的岩石中晶粒很细的岩石中(粒度在几微米到几十微米范围内)，在很高的很高的温度温度下()，扩散的速率能够及时调节由于晶粒相互滑动而产生的空缺或叠复时，才能实现颗粒边界滑动。这种变形机制称为超塑性流动超塑性流动，它可以便岩石总体受到极大的应变(量)但不发生破坏。Structural GeologyUniversity of South Chi

10、na主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石岩石剪裂面与岩石剪裂面与最大主压应力最大主压应力轴之间的关系轴之间的关系Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石n包络线方程包络线方程031max2 其中，其中，0为抗纯剪为抗纯剪断裂极限，也称岩断裂极限，也称岩石的内聚力。上式石的内聚力。上式表明，

11、最大剪应力表明，最大剪应力为常量为常量0。即达到材料的抗剪强度极限时开始断裂，故亦称即达到材料的抗剪强度极限时开始断裂，故亦称其为其为最大剪应力理论最大剪应力理论。这一理论最初是由库伦提出，。这一理论最初是由库伦提出，所以也称所以也称库伦断裂准则库伦断裂准则。此时，此时，=45。适用于。适用于塑性材料或高围压情况塑性材料或高围压情况。Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石n包络线方程包络线方程tann0n0n作用于该剪切面上作用于该剪切面上的正应力，的正应力，内摩擦内摩擦系数，系数，内摩擦角。内摩擦角。两个切点代表

12、了共轭剪裂两个切点代表了共轭剪裂面的方位和应力状态：面的方位和应力状态：245902oo Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石不同围压下岩石发生剪切破裂时的莫尔包络线不同围压下岩石发生剪切破裂时的莫尔包络线A砂岩；砂岩；B页岩页岩Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversi

13、ty of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石n包络线方程包络线方程 I1202I材料在各向等值拉伸材料在各向等值拉伸条件下的条件下的抗张断裂极限抗张断裂极限。按照这一准则，剪裂角可按照这一准则，剪裂角可表达成：表达成：Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石包络线方程（抛物线型莫尔包络线）包络线方程（抛物线型莫尔包络线）:Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石Structural GeologyUniversity of South China主讲教师：谢焱石主讲教师：谢焱石