《通信与电子信息科技英语》课件unit 9.ppt

1、Implementationof DSP SystemsNew words and phrases1 implementation n.实现2 routine n.程序3 algorithm n.算法4 non （前缀)非,不 noncriticaladj.非临界的,非关键的5 constraint n.约束,强制6 justify vt.调整；证明正确7 silicon n.硅,硅元素 silicon compiler硅编译器；硅编辑程序8 chip n.芯片,小片silicon chip硅片9 testability.n.可测试性,易测性10 compiler n.编译器11 family

2、 n.系列,族12 library n.库13 generalpurpose adj.通用的，多用一般用途的14 multiplier n.乘法器n.乘法Implementationof DSP Systems15 highlevel adj.高级的.16.behavioral adj.行为的17.simultaneously adv.同时地18.parallel adj.并行的,平行的;并联的 parallelismn.并行性,并行操19.execution n.执行20.debugging n.调试,程序调整debuggern.调试程序,排错程序21.generality n.一般性,通用

3、性22.suboptimal adj.次最佳的,接近最佳的23.nutshell n.最简单扼要的表现法in a nutshell简言之,概括起来24 doubleprecision adj.双精度的25 wise (后缀)方向，位置，状态bitwisen.按位 bitwise operation逐位运算Implementationof DSP Systems26 cache n.高速缓冲存储器;隐含存储器cache memory高速缓冲存储27 conflict n.冲突28 peripheral adj.外围的；n.外围设备29 amongst prep.在中间,在之中30 mnemoni

4、c(=mnemonical)adj.帮助记忆的；n.助记符 mnemonic assembly language助记汇编语言31addressing n.寻址,选址addressing mode寻址模式(方式),选址方式32 macroinstruction n.宏指令33 subroutine n.子程序34 fetch n.存取，取数，取指令instruction fetch取指令,指令取出35 recursive adj.递归的,回归的 36 reversal n.反转,逆转 37 increment n.增量,增加 address increment地址增量；地址加1Implement

5、ationof DSP Systems38 decrement n.减缩，减值address decrement地址减1；地址减量39 manufacturer n.制造业者,厂商40 Texas n.得克萨斯，德州（美国）41 homepage n.主页42 bus n.总线address bus地址总线43 Inc.（incorporated）n.股份有限公司44 throughput n.吞吐量,吞吐率45 giga n.吉,千兆,十亿(G，109)1 building block 标准部件，基本组成部分2 largescale production 规模生产3 PLD(programm

6、able logic device)可编程逻辑器件4 FPGA（field programmable gate array)现场可编程门阵列5 fullcustom（fullcustomized）全定制的Implementationof DSP Systems6 integrated circuit 集成电路7 DSP(digital signal processor)数字信号处理器8 VLSI(very large scale integration)超大规模集成电路9 ASIC(applicationspecific integrated circuit)专用集成电路10 with the

7、 aid of 借助于,通过的帮助11 power consumption 功耗12 processing speed (数据)处理速度13 production cost 生产成本14 instruction set 指令集15 external memory 外部存储器16 floatingpoint operation 浮点运算Implementationof DSP Systems17 internal memory 内部存储器18 Harvard architecture 哈佛体系结构19 clock cycle 时钟周期20 HLL(highlevel language)高级语言2

8、1 word length 字长22 FFT(fast fourier transform)快速傅里叶变换23 RAM(random access memory)随机存取存储器,内存 24 lookup table 查找表25 assembly language 汇编语言26 MOPS(million operations per second)百万次运算秒27 MIPS(million instructions per second)百万条指令/秒28 program memory 程序存储器29 FLOPS(floatingpoint operations per second)浮点运算次

9、数/秒Implementationof DSP Systems The implementation of any building block of digital signal processing can be performed using a software routine on a simple personal computer.In this case,thedesigners main concern becomes the description of the desired filter as an efficient algorithm that can be eas

10、ily converted into a piece of software.In such cases,the hardware concerns tend to be noncritical,except for some details such as memory size,processing speed,and data input/output.Another implementation strategy is based on specific hardware,especially suitable for the application to hand.In such c

11、ases,the system architecture must be designed within the speed constraints at a minimal cost.This form of implementation is mainly justified in applications that require high processing speed or inlargescale production.The four main forms of appropriate hardware for implementing a given system are:I

12、mplementationof DSP Systems1.The development of a specific architecture using basic commercial electronic components and integrated circuits.2.The use of programmable logic devices(PLD),such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGA),which represent an intermediate integrated stage between discretehard

13、ware and fullcustom integrated circuits or digital signal processors.3.The design of a dedicated integrated circuit for the application to hand using computerautomated tools for a very large scale integration(VLSI)design.The VLSI technology allows several basic processing systems to be integrated in

14、 a single silicon chip.The basic goal in designing applicationspecific integrated circuits(ASIC)is to obtain a final design satisfying very strict specifications with respect to,for example,chip area,power consumption,processing speed,testability,and overall production cost.These requirements are of

15、ten achieved with the aid of computer automated design systems.The first general Implementationof DSP Systemspurpose semiautomated design tools were the silicon compilers developed mainly in the mid1980s.In these systems,a midlevel description language of the desired signal processing system is conv

16、erted into the final design using a library describing the physical implementations of standard elements such as adders,memory units and multipliers.Nowadays,the silicon compilers have evolved to have a more modern approach for ASIC design where a highlevel representation form,commonly referred to a

17、s a behavioral description,is employed.4.The use of a commercially available general purpose digital signal processor(DSP)to implement the desired system.The complete hardware system must also include external memory,input and outputdata interfaces,and sometimes analog to digital and digital to anal

18、og converters.There are several commercial DSPs available today,which include features such as fixed or floatingpoint operation,several ranges of clock speed and price,internal memory,and very fast multipliers.Exercises.Please translate the following words and phrases into Chinese.1.highlevel langua

19、ge2.parallel multiplier 3.clock cycle 4.FFT5.PLD 6.FPGA7.ASIC 8 VLSI 9.lookup table 10.generalpurpose DSP高级语言高级语言并联乘法器并联乘法器时钟周期时钟周期快速傅里叶变换（快速傅里叶变换（fast Fourier transform)可编程逻辑器件可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device)现场可编程门阵列现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array)专用集成电路专用集成电路(application specific integrat

20、ed circuit)超大规模集成电路超大规模集成电路(very large scale integration)查找表查找表通用数字信号处理器通用数字信号处理器Exercises11.RAM 12.MOPS13.MIPS 14.operating mode15.in a nutshell16.dedicated integrated circuit17.mnemonic assembly language18.ALU19.cache memory20.external memory21.Harvard architecture22.building block随机存取存储器随机存取存储器,内

21、存（内存（random access memory)百万次运算百万次运算/秒秒(million operations per second)百万条指令百万条指令/秒秒(million instructions per second)工作模式工作模式简而言之简而言之专用集成电路专用集成电路助记汇编语言助记汇编语言算术逻辑单元算术逻辑单元,运算器运算器(arithmetic logic unit)高速缓冲存储器高速缓冲存储器外部存储器外部存储器哈佛体系结构哈佛体系结构标准部件，基本组成部分标准部件，基本组成部分Exercises.Please translate the following wor

22、ds and phrases into English.1.模/数转换器2.内部存储器3.定点 4.字长5.双精度 6.汇编语言7.宏指令8.功耗 9.浮点运算 10.地址总线11.处理速度12.生产成本13.子程序14.循环寻址analogtodigital convertersinternal memoryfixedpointword lengthdoubleprecisionassembly languagemacroinstructionpower consumptionfloatingpoint operationaddress busprocessing speedproducti

23、on cost subroutinecircular addressingExercises.Fill in the blanks with the missing word(s).1.Due to their generality,DSP circuits are often suboptimal with respect to computational speed when compared to dedicated hardware for a given application.2.The interested reader may find information about th

24、e DSPs manufactured by AT&T,Fujitsu,and NEC on their respective homepages.3.Most DSPs are based on the socalled Harvard architecture,where the data path(including the bus and memory units)is made distinct from the program path.4.The implementation of any building block of digital signal processing c

25、an be performed(perform,be performed)using a software routine on a simple personal computer.5.Another implementation strategy is based on specific hardware,especially suitable for the application to hand.Exercises6.The instruction set of most DSPs is similar to the ones for standard microprocessors,

26、and the implementation of an algorithm is basically a matter of translating the desired mathematical operations into an ordered list of commands belonging(belong，belonging)to the complete set of instructions of the DSP.7.In fact,all major DSP families have specific tools that allow programming(progr

27、am，programming)and debugging(debug，debugging)using high level languages such as ANSI C.8.It operates with a 20 MHz clock and has an instruction cycle of 200 ns,yielding(yields,yielding)a throughput of 5 MIPS.9.Today,most DSPs have a very fast parallel multiplier unit that performs(performs,perform)t

28、he multiplication operation in a single clock cycle.10.Possibly the earliest PLDs are the programmable array logic(PAL)devices,still commercially(commercially,commercial)available today.Exercises.Answer the following questions according to the text.1.What is a DSP?A digital signal processor(DSP)is a

29、 programmable generalpurpose processor that represents a very lowcost and timeefficient way of implementing the most complex and interesting digital signal processing algorithms.2.What are the advantages and disadvantages of using DSPs?The main advantages of using DSPs include their reasonable cost

30、and the reduced amount of time required to implement a desired algorithm.The disadvantages of DSP include the necessity of additional hardware as interface I/O ports,analogtodigital and digitaltoanalog data converters,internal memory units.Exercises3.What are the hardware characteristics of todays c

31、ommercially available DSPs?In a nutshell,the interesting hardware characteristics of todays commercially available DSPs include:1)Either fixedpoint arithmetic for simpler applications,or floatingpoint arithmetic for more complex and demanding applications.2)Relatively large wordlengths.3)An expanded

32、 ALU with a complete set of instructions for doublprecision or bitwise operations.4)Several system buses for faster memory access and less probability of addressing conflicts.5)A fast parallel multiplier.6)A relatively large internal RAM unit for data,instructions,and look up tables.7)Instruction ca

33、che memory.8)Power saving operating mode,when only peripheral and memory units are kept active.Exercises4.Please tell us some DSP manufactures.DSP manufacturers include:Analog Devices(),Motorola(),Texas Instruments(),AT&T(),Fujitsu(),and NEC().5.Give the information about DSP5600 XTM and TMS320C50TM

34、.DSP5600X TM：Family of 24bit fixedpoint processors with clock rates 4088 MHz,yielding up to 44 million instructions per second(MIPS);extremely suitable for audio applications.TMS320C50 TM:This is an improved version of the TMS320C25 TMwith a larger internal memory unit,a clock frequency of 66 MHz,an

35、d a cycle time of 30 ns,yielding a maximum throughput of 33 MIPS.Exercises6.How many members are included in TMS320 family?What are they?There are 11 members in TMS320 family.They are TMS320C10 TM;TMS320C20XTM;TMS320C50 TM;TMS320C3X TM;TMS320C40 TM;TMS320C8X TM;TMS320C54X TM,TMS320C55X TM;TMS320C62X

36、 TM,TMS320C64X TM and TMS320C67X TM.7.How many implementation strategies of digital signal processing?What are they?Digital signal processing has two implementation strategies.One is performedusing a software routine on a simple personal computer.Another implementation strategy is based on specific

37、hardware,especially suitable for the application to hand.Exercises8.How many main forms of appropriate hardware for implementing a given DSP system?What are they?There are four main forms of appropriate hardware for implementing a given DSP system.They are：1)The development of a specific architectur

38、e using basic commercial electronic components and integrated circuits.2)The use of programmable logic devices(PLD).3)The design of a dedicated integrated circuit for the application to hand using computerautomated tools for a very large scale integration(VLSI)design.4)The use of a commercially available generalpurpose digital signal processor(DSP)to implement the desired system.