1、【英语】 中考英语语法填空易错题经典一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)1阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Strangely enough, some inventions are lost _people cant imagine their _(valuable). A use may need to be invented along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing _(invent) in the 1800s. It too
2、k more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to _(electrical) transmit(传输) writing. At first, it was considered _(use) since few people thought there was _need for transmitting writing over _(wire). Eventually the value of the in
3、vention was realized, and it was improved _office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard _(equip) in offices. The reason is _it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?【答案】 because;value;was invent
4、ed;electrically;useless;a/any;wires;for;equipment;that 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些发明因为人们不能想象它们的价值而失去,列举传真机器的发明来说明这点。 (1)句意:足够奇怪的是,因为人们不能想象它们的价值,所以一些发明消失了。后句表示原因,所以用because;形容词修物主代词修饰名词,their它们的,形容词修物主代词,所以后面用形容词valuable的名词value,不可数名词,故填because,value。 (2)句意:传真的科技在19世纪被发明。invent发明,实义动词,主语technology是动作invent的承受者,时态
5、是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语technology是不可数名词,所以用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented。 (3)句意:1843年,亚历山大贝恩发明了一种电子传输文字的机器。electrical电子的,形容词,副词修饰实义动词,transmit传输,实义动词,所以用副词electrically,电子地,故填electrically。 (4)句意:起初,它被认为是无用的,因为很少有人认为有必要通过电线传输文字。be considere形容词,表示被认为怎么样,固定搭配,根据后文可知传真的作用后来才被
6、认可,所以起初被认为是无用的,use使用,实义动词,其形容词是useless,无用的;原因是很少人认为有必要,few表示否定,所以用a/any;wire,电线,可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a或者one,所以用复数wires,故填useless;a/any;wires。 (5)句意:最终,这项发明的价值得以实现,并被改进为办公用途。为了办公用途才被改进,所以用for,为了,故填for。 (6)句意:到了20世纪80年代,传真机已成为办公室的标准设备。equip,装备,实义动词,形容词修饰名词,standard,标准的,形容词,所以用equip的名词equipment,设备,不可数名词,故填equ
7、ipment。 (7)句意:原因是它能很快地传送书面文件。the reason is that.,原因是,固定搭配,故填that。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。2语法填空 The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower. It is famous for _tilt (倾斜) 1o one side. Located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, the tower _ (become) a symbol of Italy. It is
8、one of _ oldest buildings in Pisas Cathedral Square. The tower was not designed to lean, _ because people built it on soft soils it gradually tilted to one side. Even though some people dont think the tower is a _ (success) building because of its tit, the tower has won a special place in history. T
9、he tower has also been used for experiments by the famous Italian scientist _ (call) Galileo Galilei. Every year, _ (million) of tourists flock to the tower to take the classic photo pretending(假装) to hold up or knock down the tower. Tourists can also climb the 294 steps to the top inside the tower.
10、 There are seven _ (bell) on top of it. It is said that you must visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa during the day. At night the shops are closed and it looks just so-so. However, if you visit it on a full moon night, the tower _ (look) fantastic. When you plan _(visit)Leaning Tower of Pisa, you should
11、 not miss some other sights near it, including Santa Maria della Spina and the Guelph Tower.【答案】 its;has become;the;but;successful;called;millions;bells;looks;to visit 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了意大利著名的比萨斜塔,它位于比萨大教堂后面。一开始设计的时候并不是斜的,因为地基的原因,慢慢向一侧倾斜。虽然人们认为这不是一个成功的建筑,但是在历史上赢得了特殊的历史地位。意大利著名科学家伽利略层在塔山做过著名的落地实验。每年有
12、成百万的游客来这里旅游,拍照。 (1)句意:它因向一侧倾斜而著名。根据句意可知,这里的倾斜指塔本身的倾斜,使用与主语一致的物主代词its,故答案是its。 (2)句意:位于比萨大教堂的后面的斜塔成为了意大利的象征。我们知道它已经成为了意大利的象征了,因此使用现在完成时,现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词。主语the tower为第三人称单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has become。 (3)句意:它是比萨大教堂广场最古老的建筑之一。oldest为形容词最高级,形容词最高级前使用定冠词the,故答案是the。 (4)句意:塔不是设计的时候就是斜的,但是因为人们把它建筑在软的土地上
13、,慢慢地就向一边倾斜。一开始设计的不是斜的,现在成为斜的了,与设计本身不符,因此使用转折词but连接,故答案是but。 (5)句意:即使人们因为倾斜不认为这是成功的建筑,但是它却在历史上赢得了特殊的地位。success作定语修饰building,因此使用形容词successful,故答案是successful。 (6)句意:这座塔也曾被意大利科学家伽利略用来做实验。call以及后面的Galileo Galilei作后置定语修饰scientist,意思为被叫做,因此使用过去分词called,故答案是called。 (7)句意:每年,成百万的人游客聚集在塔前拍着经典照片,假装支撑着它,或者把它推倒
14、。millions of固定短语,成百万的,故答案是millions。 (8)句意:塔顶有七个钟。bell钟,可数名词,根据seven可知应使用复数形式,故答案是bells。 (9)句意:然而,如果你在满月的时候去看斜塔,它看起来很迷人。本句为一般性的叙述,应使用一般现在时,主语the tower是第三人称单数,谓语使用三单形式looks,故答案是looks。 (10)句意:当你计划参观比萨斜塔时,被忘了欣赏附近其他的风光。plan to do sth.计划做某事,固定搭配,故答案是to visit。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字
15、斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。3阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings _(do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the _(imp
16、ortant) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like _(introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow _(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn _lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environmentfriendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We
17、 can even walk to work when possible,_it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly, try best to _(use)things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go _(shop). Please dont use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental a
18、wareness and realize it is _(everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide peoples _(behave).【答案】 have done;importance;to introduce;easily;off;because;use;shopping;everyones;behavior 【解析】【分析】文章大意:我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济,做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环
19、境并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先,如果不必要,要关闭灯。然后,绿色出行,比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话,我们甚至可以步行去上班。第三,尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时,我们也可以带一个布袋。当然,公众应该提高环境意识,认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。最后,政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行为。 (1)句意:在过去的几年里,为了快速发展经济,我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据 in the past few years,可知现在完成时态,现在完成时的结构是have done。主语是复数,故答案是have done。 (2)句意:我认为
20、是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。 the importance of.,的重要性,固定搭配,故答案是importance。 (3)句意:今天,我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法,would like to do,想要干某事,固定搭配,故答案是to introduce。 (4)句意:我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。 副词修饰动词,follow是动词,故答案是easily。 (5)句意:首先,如果没有必要的,关闭灯。关掉,turn off,固定搭配,故答案是off。 (6)句意:如果可能的话,我们甚至可以步行去上班,因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。 这是一个原因状语从句,能够构成原因
21、状语从句的是because,故答案是because。 (7)句意:第三,尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。try best to do,尽力做某事,固定搭配,故答案是use。 (8)句意:我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping,去购物,固定搭配,故答案是shopping。 (9)句意:当然,公众应该提高环境意识,认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty名词,前面需要所有格, 每个人的,故答案是everyones。 (10)句意:最后,政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。peoples是名词所有格,后面加名词,故答案是behavior。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳
22、过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _ (cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit. How much per kilo? the old man _ (ask). Two rupees
23、(卢比), the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, _ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it. However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began _ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red _ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to br
24、eathe, he jumped up and _, screaming: Ah! Ah! Ah! And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their _ (head) and said, You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You cant just eat them by the handful! The old man said to _ (he),I paid for them, so I must eat the
25、m. This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _ (spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we know theres no hope that things will change, we still continue with it. What we can learn _ the old man is th
26、is: if youve lost a lot over something that doesnt work, let it go and move on. Its better than continuing to lose.【答案】 cheapest;asked;so;to burn /burning;as;down;heads;himself;spent;from 【解析】【分析】文章大意:这篇短文主要讲述了一个人因为贪便宜,买了一些根本不能作为水果的辣椒。结果因为舍不得自己花的那些钱,坚持把它们吃完的故事。从而告诉我们放弃某些东西比继续损失要好。 (1)句意:最便宜的东西有一篮子红水
27、果。cheap,便宜。根据上文语句but most of it was very cheap. 提示可知,此句应该用最高级,故填cheapest。 (2)句意:“每公斤多少钱?”老人问。ask,询问,由语句 An old man went to India. 提示可知此句要用一般过去时,故填asked。 (3)句意:所以这位老人买了整整一公斤,开始吃。语句the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.是Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的结果,故填so。 (4)句意:然而,他一开始
28、吃东西,嘴巴就开始燃烧。burn,燃烧;固定结构begin to do sth,开始做某事,故填to burn/burning。 (5)句意:整个脸变得像水果一样红。固定结构asas,与一样,故填as。 (6)句意:他跳上跳下,尖叫着:“啊!啊!“啊!”固定短语,jump up and down,跳上跳下,故填down。 (7)句意:有些人看着他,摇摇头说:“你疯了!head,头,因前面some people,要用复数形式,故填heads。 (8)句意:老人自言自语道:“我付了钱,所以我必须吃。”固定短语,say to oneself,因主语是he,故填himself。 (9)句意:我们所有人
29、都把时间和金钱花在了一些事情上。spend,花费,动词。因前面有助动词have,其后要用过去分词,故填spent。 (10)句意:我们可以从这位老人身上学到的是。固定短语,learn from sb,向某人学习,故填from。 【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。5语法填空 Chen Yujie studies at a boarding school in Ningbo, Zhejiang. She used to go back to her home in Cixi every week _ (get) money from h
30、er parents. It was not a short ride home and the trips were tiring. Chen hoped her parents could put the money on a bank card, _ she didnt have to travel so often. She decided to discuss _ with her parents during TV time after dinner. Its usually the most relaxing time for our family, said Chen. She
31、 _ the right time. After a few turns of lobbying(游说), her parents _ agreed with Chen. For most teenagers like Chen, talking to parents can be difficult or even worrying. So they have to choose a right time. American magazine Highlight recently surveyed 1,521 _ (kid) aged 612 in the country, asking q
32、uestions like When you want to talk to your parents about something important, when is _ best time to do it?. Results show that American kids seem to know when their parents are most receptive(乐于接受的). Mealtime is discovered to be their favourite time to talk to their parents. Bedtime comes _ (two),
33、followed by time spent in the car. _ (China) teenagers seem to have a similar tendency(倾向) towards the problem. A newspaper in Zhejiang did a survey _ it. The result shows most teenagers in the city would choose mealtime to talk to their parents. So do you have anything to talk to your parents? Choo
34、se a good time.【答案】 to get;so;it;chose;finally;kids;the;second;Chinese;of 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年和父母交流的问题,对大多数青少年来说,与父母交谈可能很困难,甚至令人担忧。所以他们必须选择正确的时间。 (1)句意: 她常常每周回到在慈溪的家为了从父母那里取钱。此处是不定式做目的状语,为了,故填 to get。 (2)句意: 陈希望她的父母可以把钱打到银行卡上,这样她不用经常回家了。根据 put the money on a bank card和she didnt have to travel so often可知
35、,把钱打到银行卡上的结果是这样她不用经常回家了,故此处是连词表示结果,so是连词 ,故填so。 (3)句意: 她决定晚饭后看电视时和她的父母讨论这件事。discuss后缺少宾语,it指代把钱打到银行卡上这件事,故用it指代一件事,故填it。 (4)句意: 她选择了正确时间。此处缺少谓语动词,根据下文choose mealtime to talk to their parents 选择用餐时间和父母交谈,可知是选择时机,choose是动词,描述过去用一般过去时,choose的过去式是chose,故填 chose。 (5)句意: 在几次游说下,她的父母终于同意了陈的意见。副词修饰动词agreed,
36、finally,终于,是副词 , 故填 finally。 (6)句意: 美国杂志最近重点调查了该国15216名6-12岁的儿童。基数词1521后是名词复数,故填 kids。 (7)句意: 当你想和你的父母谈论重要的事情,最佳时间是什么时候? best是最高级,故此处缺少定冠词the,故填the。 (8)句意: 睡觉时间是其次。根据 followed by time 接着是时间,可知此处表示顺序,故用序数词,two是基数词,second是序数词,第二 , 故填 second。 (9)句意: 中国青少年似乎也有类似的处理问题的倾向。 teenagers是名词其前是形容词,China是名词,中国,C
37、hinese是形容词,中国的 , 故填 Chinese。 (10)句意: 浙江的一份报纸,做了一个调查。a survey of,固定搭配,的调查,故填of。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。6阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 Some people still live in their home town. However, others may only visit_once or twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside
38、_(search)for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He_(live)in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job_a factory, he seldom visits his home town. I havent been back for three years. Its_(shame), he says. _(develop) have been good in Hua Xings home town since 2002, for example, new road
39、s_(appear). A new school _(build). However, some things will never change in his home town. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time_(usual) liked to play together under it. It was_happy childhood.【答案】 it;to search/searching;has lived/has been living;in;shameful;Developm
40、ents;have appeared;has been built;usually;such/really 【解析】【分析】文章大意:一些人生活在自己的家乡,而另外一些人可能会一年回一到两次家去遥远的城市打工。一个叫华兴的人在温州打工13年,却回家三次,但是他对家乡的记忆永远不会改变。 (1)句意:然而其他人可能一年探视一次或两次自己的家乡。空缺处指代的是前面提到的their hometown,为避免重复,应使用it指代,故答案是it。 (2)句意:成千万的中国人离开农村去城市找工作。去城市找工作是离开农村的原因,应使用动词不定式或现在分词做状语,故答案是to search/searching
41、。 (3)句意:他在温州住了十三年了。根据可知应使用现在完成时或者完成进行时,故答案是 has lived/has been living 。 (4)句意:在一个工厂做繁重的工作,他很少回家。a factory作定语修饰job表示工作的处所,应使用介词in,故答案是in。 (5)句意:很丢脸。is后跟形容词作表语表示主语的状态,因此将shamel改为shameful,故答案是shameful。 (6)句意:从2002年以来华兴的家乡已经发展的不错了。空缺处是句子的主语,应使用名词,因此将develop改为development,根据助动词have可知使用复数形式,故答案是Development
42、s。 (7)句意:新的大路已经出现。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,主语为复数,助动词使用have,故答案是have appeared。 (8)句意:一所新的学校已经建成。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,学校是接受建造的,应使用被动语态,被动语态的完成时结构为have been done,主语是单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has been built。 (9)句意:他那时候的孩子通常喜欢在树下一起玩。usual做状语修饰动词liked,应使用副词形式,故答案是usually。 (10)句意:真的是如此幸福的童年。空缺处需要副词做状语,符合语境的副词有such
43、和really,故答案是 such/really 。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。7语法填空 Dear Auntie Em, Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school_(student)to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer!She said the pro
44、gramme_(design)for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture._a good chance! The only problem is: Mum and Dad_(simple)wont let me go. They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, _(travel)alone. But my guess is that they think it too expensive. I kept telling_(they)I had been on
45、 a plane alone to visit you in Texas before. They neednt worry about me_this trip would be almost the same as that one._(but)they just wont listen! Will you help, Auntie Em? It will be_very important experience to my personal growth. Love, (and love you even_(much)if you manage to make Mum & Dad agr
46、ee with me. )【答案】 students;was designed;What;simply;to travel;them;because/as;But;a;more 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者因无法参观南非开普敦大学而向Auntie Em求助。 (1)句意: 芒福德夫人刚刚告诉我,我被选为今年夏天参观南非开普敦大学的学生之一!one of+限定词+名词复数,故填students。 (2)句意: 她说这个项目是为了让一些聪明的青少年体验不同的文化而设立的。design和programme是被动关系,主句是一般过去时,故从句是过去式的被动语态,主语是program么me,单数名词,故助动词是was,故填 was designed。 (3)句意:多好的机会啊!根据 a good chance 可知此处是感叹名词chance,故用what,故填What。 (4)句意: 妈妈和爸爸绝对不会让我走。副词修饰动词let,simply是副词,绝对地,故填simply。 (5)句意: 他们说这对我这个独自旅行的女孩来说很危险。its+形容词+for sb to do,固定搭配,对某人而言做某事很,故此处是不定式,故填 to
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