1、【英语】中考英语语法填空专项练习一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _ (cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit. How much per kilo? the old man _ (ask). Two rupees (卢比), the shopkeeper answ
2、ered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, _ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it. However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began _ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red _ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and _
3、, screaming: Ah! Ah! Ah! And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their _ (head) and said, You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You cant just eat them by the handful! The old man said to _ (he),I paid for them, so I must eat them. This old man seemed pr
4、etty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _ (spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we know theres no hope that things will change, we still continue with it. What we can learn _ the old man is this: if youve lost a lot o
5、ver something that doesnt work, let it go and move on. Its better than continuing to lose.【答案】 cheapest;asked;so;to burn /burning;as;down;heads;himself;spent;from 【解析】【分析】文章大意:这篇短文主要讲述了一个人因为贪便宜,买了一些根本不能作为水果的辣椒。结果因为舍不得自己花的那些钱,坚持把它们吃完的故事。从而告诉我们放弃某些东西比继续损失要好。 (1)句意:最便宜的东西有一篮子红水果。cheap,便宜。根据上文语句but most
6、 of it was very cheap. 提示可知,此句应该用最高级,故填cheapest。 (2)句意:“每公斤多少钱?”老人问。ask,询问,由语句 An old man went to India. 提示可知此句要用一般过去时,故填asked。 (3)句意:所以这位老人买了整整一公斤,开始吃。语句the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.是Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的结果,故填so。 (4)句意:然而,他一开始吃东西,嘴巴就开始燃烧。burn,燃烧;固定结构b
7、egin to do sth,开始做某事,故填to burn/burning。 (5)句意:整个脸变得像水果一样红。固定结构asas,与一样,故填as。 (6)句意:他跳上跳下,尖叫着:“啊!啊!“啊!”固定短语,jump up and down,跳上跳下,故填down。 (7)句意:有些人看着他,摇摇头说:“你疯了!head,头,因前面some people,要用复数形式,故填heads。 (8)句意:老人自言自语道:“我付了钱,所以我必须吃。”固定短语,say to oneself,因主语是he,故填himself。 (9)句意:我们所有人都把时间和金钱花在了一些事情上。spend,花费,
8、动词。因前面有助动词have,其后要用过去分词,故填spent。 (10)句意:我们可以从这位老人身上学到的是。固定短语,learn from sb,向某人学习,故填from。 【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。2阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Greetings from Madrid! I cant believe Im finally here! The trip from Hong Kong _ (be) long and tiring, but I made it. My hote
9、l is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a cheap and simple room, much _ (small) than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, _ it is quite comfortable to stay in. The weather here is wonderful. Its warm and sunny, _ clear blue skies every da
10、y. Its great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and do. Ive found a friendly guide here and yesterday I _ (show) around the city. Tomorrow he will take _ (I) to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I cant wait _ (see) the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also,
11、I _ (real) want to try the food there-especially gazpacho, _ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain. Ill bring you back some _ (present).See you next month!Love,Jamie【答案】 was;smaller;but;with;was shown /was showed;me;to see;really;a;presents 【解析】【分析】文章大
12、意:杰米从香港去西班牙的马德里旅行,这是他写给朋友的信,介绍了他在西班牙的的首都马德里的行程。(1)句意:从香港来这里的旅游很长且疲惫。根据 but I made it ,可知句子时态为一般过去时,主语trip为单数,be的形式应使用was,故答案是was。(2)句意:我们找到了一个便宜的简单地房间,比我们家里的房间小多了。根据than可知应使用形容词的比较级,small的比较级为smaller,故答案是smaller。(3)句意:它只有一张小床和淋浴,但是住进去相当舒服。根据前后连句话的意思看,不是一致的,应使用转折连词过度一下,能够表示转折的词but,故答案是but。(4)句意:每天天气晴
13、好暖和,还有晴朗的蓝天。clear blue skies作为伴随性的状语出现,应使用介词with连接,有,表伴随,故答案是with。(5)句意:在这里我找到了一个友好的导游,昨天领着我参观了城市。结合语境考虑可知是导游领着我参观,我是被带领的,因此使用被动语态,被动语态的结构是be done,根据yesterday可知为过去时,be的形式为was,show的过去分词为showed或者shown,故答案是 was shown /was showed 。(6)句意:明天他将带我去安达卢西亚去参观格拉纳达市。I 在句中作take的宾语,应使用宾格人称代词,将I 改为me,故答案是me。(7)句意:我
14、迫不及待要看阿尔罕布拉宫和其他的名胜古迹。cant wait to do sth.固定搭配,迫不及待做某事,应使用动词不定式,故答案是to see。(8)句意:我也真的想品尝一下那里的美食西班牙凉菜。real修饰动词want,因此使用副词形式,real的副词为really,故答案是really。(9)句意:一种凉汤,我听着就很特殊,kind可数名词,因为使用了单数形式,且起始音为辅音,应使用不定冠词a,故答案是a。(10)句意:我将给你带回一些礼物。present可数名词,根据some可知应使用复数形式,故答案是presents。【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大
15、意,然后根据文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,主意考虑句型,语法,搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。3阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain._father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He_(work) in a famous company. He married Teresa, a_(beauty) woman, _dark eyes
16、and light hair. She is a _(teach) of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three_(child): Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The_(old), Susan, is 24 years old. Shes a doctor and busy with her work every day. She_(usual) goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark
17、 eyes, is 19 years old and_(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of_a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】 The;works;beautiful;with;teacher;children;eldest;usually;studies;becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意:在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德,住着一个很好的家庭。何塞加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和
18、特蕾莎生了三个孩子:苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊,24岁。她是个医生,每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班,晚上7点回家。Rebecca,19岁,在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安,一个顽皮的11岁男孩,梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。 (1)句意:爸爸,何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸,因此使用定冠词,因为在句首,手字母t应大写,故答案是The。 (2)句意:他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时,所以本句也是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词使用单三形式,故答案是works。 (3)句意:他娶了
19、一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautiful。 (4)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman,应使用介词with连接,故答案是with。 (5)句意:他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词,与teach相关的名词是teacher,老师,故答案是teacher。 (6)句意:何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子,可数名词,根据three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。 (7)句意:最大的,苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年
20、龄最大,兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldest。 (8)句意:她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usually。 (9)句意:长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了,在加那利群岛学习中文,文章的基本时态为一般现在时,主语Rebacca是第三人称单数,动词使用单三形式,故答案是studies。 (10)句意:十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩,他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。空缺处是 a great football player. 的逻辑谓语,能够跟 a great football player. 构成动宾关系的是become
21、,of是介词,介词后跟动词ing形式,故答案是becoming。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。4语法填空 Chen Yujie studies at a boarding school in Ningbo, Zhejiang. She used to go back to her home in Cixi every week _ (get) money from her parents. It was not a short ride home and
22、 the trips were tiring. Chen hoped her parents could put the money on a bank card, _ she didnt have to travel so often. She decided to discuss _ with her parents during TV time after dinner. Its usually the most relaxing time for our family, said Chen. She _ the right time. After a few turns of lobb
23、ying(游说), her parents _ agreed with Chen. For most teenagers like Chen, talking to parents can be difficult or even worrying. So they have to choose a right time. American magazine Highlight recently surveyed 1,521 _ (kid) aged 612 in the country, asking questions like When you want to talk to your
24、parents about something important, when is _ best time to do it?. Results show that American kids seem to know when their parents are most receptive(乐于接受的). Mealtime is discovered to be their favourite time to talk to their parents. Bedtime comes _ (two), followed by time spent in the car. _ (China)
25、 teenagers seem to have a similar tendency(倾向) towards the problem. A newspaper in Zhejiang did a survey _ it. The result shows most teenagers in the city would choose mealtime to talk to their parents. So do you have anything to talk to your parents? Choose a good time.【答案】 to get;so;it;chose;final
26、ly;kids;the;second;Chinese;of 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年和父母交流的问题,对大多数青少年来说,与父母交谈可能很困难,甚至令人担忧。所以他们必须选择正确的时间。 (1)句意: 她常常每周回到在慈溪的家为了从父母那里取钱。此处是不定式做目的状语,为了,故填 to get。 (2)句意: 陈希望她的父母可以把钱打到银行卡上,这样她不用经常回家了。根据 put the money on a bank card和she didnt have to travel so often可知,把钱打到银行卡上的结果是这样她不用经常回家了,故此处是连词表示结果,so是连词 ,故填
27、so。 (3)句意: 她决定晚饭后看电视时和她的父母讨论这件事。discuss后缺少宾语,it指代把钱打到银行卡上这件事,故用it指代一件事,故填it。 (4)句意: 她选择了正确时间。此处缺少谓语动词,根据下文choose mealtime to talk to their parents 选择用餐时间和父母交谈,可知是选择时机,choose是动词,描述过去用一般过去时,choose的过去式是chose,故填 chose。 (5)句意: 在几次游说下,她的父母终于同意了陈的意见。副词修饰动词agreed,finally,终于,是副词 , 故填 finally。 (6)句意: 美国杂志最近重点
28、调查了该国15216名6-12岁的儿童。基数词1521后是名词复数,故填 kids。 (7)句意: 当你想和你的父母谈论重要的事情,最佳时间是什么时候? best是最高级,故此处缺少定冠词the,故填the。 (8)句意: 睡觉时间是其次。根据 followed by time 接着是时间,可知此处表示顺序,故用序数词,two是基数词,second是序数词,第二 , 故填 second。 (9)句意: 中国青少年似乎也有类似的处理问题的倾向。 teenagers是名词其前是形容词,China是名词,中国,Chinese是形容词,中国的 , 故填 Chinese。 (10)句意: 浙江的一份报纸
29、,做了一个调查。a survey of,固定搭配,的调查,故填of。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。5阅读下面短文,按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys. One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out _(play) with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the own
30、er of the car, so they shouted at each other. _(They) mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldnt. A few days later, Mother brought _ pet home. Cant we each have our own pet dog? asked the boys. They were _(tire) of sharing
31、everything. No! The dog must _ (share). Mother said. You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong. Several days later, the dog got into mothers room _(secret) and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mothers clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and to
32、ld him _ the dog had done. Oh, no! Its our duty to clean up the mess! _(cry) Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly. Just think, Jason, said Andy, what a big mess two _(dog) would made! I agree _ you, laughed Jason, Maybe sharing isnt so bad! 【答案】 to play;Their;a;tired;be sh
33、ared;secretly;what;cried;dogs;with 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了兄弟两人通过养狗学会了分享。 (1)句意: 一个星期六,杰森和安迪带着一辆玩具车出去玩 。go out to do,固定搭配,出去做某事,故填 to play。 (2)句意:他们的母亲听到男孩们在争吵。mother是名词,其前是形容词性物主代词,they的形容词性物主代词是their,他们的,故填Their。 (3)句意: 几天后,妈妈带了一只宠物回家。dog是可数名词单数,前面应用冠词限定。pet以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,故填a。 (4)句意: 他们厌倦了分享一切。be tired of do
34、ing sth.,固定搭配,厌烦做某事,故填 tired。 (5)句意: “不!这只狗必须分享。”母亲说。share与dog是被动关系,must是情态动词,故用must be done,故填 be shared。 (6)句意: 几天后,这只狗悄悄地进入母亲的房间,把那里弄得一团糟。副词修饰动词短语got into,secret的副词是secretly,故填 secretly。 (7)句意: 他很快去找安迪,并告诉他狗做了什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语,故用what指代事或物,故填what。 (8)句意: 哦,不!收拾烂摊子是我们的责任!”安迪喊道。描述过去用一般过去时,cry的过去式是cried,故
35、填 cried。 (9)句意: 两条狗会弄得多糟啊!dog是可数名词,two修饰可数名词复数,故在dog后直接加s,故填dogs。 (10)句意:“我同意你,”杰森大笑说,“或许分享不是那么坏。”agree with sb.,固定搭配,同意某人,故填with。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。6阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 Some people still live in their home town. However, others may only visit_once or
36、twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside_(search)for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He_(live)in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job_a factory, he seldom visits his home town. I havent been back for three years. Its_(shame), he says. _(develop) have been good i
37、n Hua Xings home town since 2002, for example, new roads_(appear). A new school _(build). However, some things will never change in his home town. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time_(usual) liked to play together under it. It was_happy childhood.【答案】 it;to search/s
38、earching;has lived/has been living;in;shameful;Developments;have appeared;has been built;usually;such/really 【解析】【分析】文章大意:一些人生活在自己的家乡,而另外一些人可能会一年回一到两次家去遥远的城市打工。一个叫华兴的人在温州打工13年,却回家三次,但是他对家乡的记忆永远不会改变。 (1)句意:然而其他人可能一年探视一次或两次自己的家乡。空缺处指代的是前面提到的their hometown,为避免重复,应使用it指代,故答案是it。 (2)句意:成千万的中国人离开农村去城市找工作。
39、去城市找工作是离开农村的原因,应使用动词不定式或现在分词做状语,故答案是to search/searching。 (3)句意:他在温州住了十三年了。根据可知应使用现在完成时或者完成进行时,故答案是 has lived/has been living 。 (4)句意:在一个工厂做繁重的工作,他很少回家。a factory作定语修饰job表示工作的处所,应使用介词in,故答案是in。 (5)句意:很丢脸。is后跟形容词作表语表示主语的状态,因此将shamel改为shameful,故答案是shameful。 (6)句意:从2002年以来华兴的家乡已经发展的不错了。空缺处是句子的主语,应使用名词,因此
40、将develop改为development,根据助动词have可知使用复数形式,故答案是Developments。 (7)句意:新的大路已经出现。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,主语为复数,助动词使用have,故答案是have appeared。 (8)句意:一所新的学校已经建成。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,学校是接受建造的,应使用被动语态,被动语态的完成时结构为have been done,主语是单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has been built。 (9)句意:他那时候的孩子通常喜欢在树下一起玩。usual做状语修饰动词liked,应使用副词形式
41、,故答案是usually。 (10)句意:真的是如此幸福的童年。空缺处需要副词做状语,符合语境的副词有such和really,故答案是 such/really 。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。7语法填空 The Chinese first _ (make) paper about 2,000 years ago. China still has pieces _paper which were made as long ago as that. But
42、Chinese paper was not made from the wood of trees. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. Paper was not made in _ (south) Europe until about the year 1100. Scandinavia( 斯堪的纳维亚半岛),which now makes a great deal of the _ (world) paper, did not begin to make it until 1500. It was a Germa
43、n _ (name) Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that, the forest countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States _ (become) the largest paper producers. Today in Finland, which makes the _ (good) paper in the world, the paper industry is the bigges
44、t on the land. New papermaking machines are very big, and _ (them) make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper that is 300 metres long and 6 metres wide _ one minute. When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes and writing paper. _there are many
45、 other uses. Only half of the paper that is made is used for books and newspapers, etc.【答案】 made;of;southern;worlds;named;became;best;they;in;But 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了全世界的造纸工艺。 (1)句意: 大约2000年前中国制造了第一张纸。根据 2,000 years ago可知2000年前是一般过去时的标志,make的过去式是made , 故填made。 (2)句意:中国仍然有在那之前制作的纸。pieces of,固定搭配,张,故填of。 (3)
46、句意: 直到大约1100年,纸才在南欧制造出来。Europe是名词其前是形容词,south是名词,southern是形容词,故填 southern。 (4)句意:斯堪的纳维亚半岛现在在世界报纸上占有很大份额,直到1500年才开始发行。paper是名词,此处是所有格,故填 worlds。 (5)句意:是一个叫谢弗的德国人发现人们可以用树做最好的纸。name和German是被动关系,故用过去分词做后置定语,故填 named。 (6)句意:此后,森林国家瑞典、挪威、芬兰和美国成为最大的纸张生产国。描述过去用一般现在时,become的过去式是became,故填 became。 (7)句意:今天,在世界上造纸最好的是芬兰,造纸工业是世界上最大的。根据 the biggest on the land 可知此处是最高级,good的最高级是best,故填 best。 (8)句意:新的造纸机很大,而且造纸很快。此处缺少主语,故用主格,them是宾格,主格是they,故填 they。 (9)句意:最大的机器可以在一分钟内制造出一张长300米、宽6米的纸。此处缺少介词表示时间范围,in one minute,在一分钟之内,故填in。 (10)句
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