（英语）历年全国高考英语情态动词试题汇总及答案.doc

1、【英语】历年全国高考英语情态动词试题汇总及答案一、单项选择情态动词1-We want someone to design the new art museum for me.-_ the young fellow have a try?AShallBMayCWillDNeed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们想找人为我设计一个新的艺术博物馆。是不是让这位年轻小伙子试一试？shall作为情态动词,用于二三人称,表示询问，警告，允诺，命令，决心，强制等语气。will作为情态动词，用于主语是各种人称的陈述句中，表示意愿和倾向。用于第二人称的疑问句中，表请求。故选A。2They wer

2、e abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _to our help.Awould have comeBcould comeChave comeDhad come【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就

3、来帮助我们了。故A正确。3Keep up your spirits even if you _ fail hundreds of times.AmustBneedCmayDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. must必须；B. need需要；C. may可能，或许；D. should应该。句意：即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测，故选C。4I have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too

4、far.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。5Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he _ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.AshouldBcouldCwouldDmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意

5、：安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候，他就会出去买些东西，通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该；B. could能；C. would总是，愿意；D. might可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事，故选C。6The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoidedBshould be avoidedCcould have avoidedDcould have been

6、 avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + ha

7、ve + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I ne

8、ednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况

9、进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.7He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.AshallBshouldCcanDmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句

10、意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。8The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould theyBthey shouldCdare theyDthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。9Lack

11、of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降，还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将；B. must必须；C. should应该；D. can会，表示理论上或是逻辑判断上，用can，故选D。10_ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I

12、do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWouldBShallCMustDMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he wo

13、uld meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。11What happened to the young trees we planted last week?The trees _ well, but I didnt water them.Amight growBneednt have grownCwould have grownDwould grow

14、【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。我们上周种的小树怎么了?这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给 它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。12I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDshouldnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustnt不能，禁止；B. neednt不必；C. wouldnt不会；D. shouldnt不应该。此处表示“不必”，故B项正确。13 I sa

15、w your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixedBwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixedDdid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have don

16、e；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。14I dont really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould notDmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词，题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。15Frankly speaking, I am not sure whethe

17、r I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. wo

18、uld have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.AcanBshallCwillDmay【答案】

19、B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。17Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the meeting?AcanBshouldCmayDm

20、ust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了？ A. can可能，可能性，表示可能性时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该； C. may也许，表示可能性时常用于肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定”的意思；本题是强调句型的一个变式：强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢？”。根据句意可知，用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩，四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表

21、示说话者对事情的一种看法，也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。18Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open.AshantBmustntCwontDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：-这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ -哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shant= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustnt=must not意为“不要”；would

22、nt=would not 意为“不会，不愿意”。wont=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。19He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant have finishedCcant beDmustnt have finished【

23、答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day y

24、esterday.20It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the taxi.Aneednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”，根据句意，旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车，但是乘车了。故选A。21- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You _ it. I could

25、 manage it myself.Aneednt doBshouldnt have doneCmustnt doDneednt have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: -凯瑟琳，我已经为你打扫了房间。 - - -谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A. neednt do不必做某事；B. shouldnt have done本不应该做某事； C. mustnt do禁止做某事；D. neednt have done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it myself”可知，neednt have done“ 本不必做某事，而实际上做

26、了某事”符合句意。故选D项。22Peter searched all the places where he_have left her iPad but it was all in vain.AmightBwouldCmustDshould【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A. might可能；B. would将会；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。23Peter, you delivered

27、a wonderful speech today.Thanks, but I think I _ more attention to my stage manners during that time.Amust payBshould payCmust have paidDshould have paid【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：-彼得，你今天的演讲很精彩。-谢谢，但我认为在那段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知，我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪，而实际上并没有注意。故选D

28、项。24Whats wrong with the door?The key has got stuck in it and _ come out.AshouldntBmustntCneedntDwont【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：-门怎么了?-钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldnt不应该；B. mustnt禁止；C. neednt 不需要；D. wont不会。wont表示拒绝时，其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。25Sometimes it seems that doors _ be closed for you, but remember, they are not

29、all locked.AmustBshouldCmayDneed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：有时候，似乎大门正对你关闭，但请记住并非所有大门都被上了锁。A. must一定，必须；B. should应该；C. may可能，也许；D. need需要。本句不宜使用绝对化的语气，从sometimes，seems等提示词可看出应使用较为温和的推测语气，因此may be（或许，也许）符合语境，而过于绝对的推测，如must be（一定是，肯定是）应予排除。此外should和need在此并不表示推测，更不符合本句语境。故选C。26I phoned you yesterday morni

30、ng. A girl answered, but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh, it _ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.Amust have beenBshould have beenCcould have beenDmay have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩回答的，但我没听出谁的声音。哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式，表示对过去的推测。A. must have been表示一定做了某

31、事。用于肯定推测；B. should have been 本应该，表示应该做而没有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句时，表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推测；D. may have been可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断，表示非常肯定的推测，故选A。27One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.AneedBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：关

32、于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. can可以；能够。根据语境，故选D。28You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.AmightBneedCshouldDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能；B. need需要 ；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You cant imagine that a wel

33、l behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。29Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.AshouldntBcantCwontDshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这里太冷了！你为什么不把空调打开呢？嗯，这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该；B. cant不能；C. wont偏偏不，老是不，此处是表示习惯或倾向；D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。30I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.AshallBmustCcanDshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 句意：我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外，shall表示允诺，命令等，must表示必须，can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。