1、【英语】英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案)含解析一、定语从句1 What are you doing, Tim? I am listening to the song Long Live _ makes me feel excited.AwhichBwhoC/【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:- Tim,你在做什么?-我在听歌曲Long Live,它使我感觉很兴奋。这里先行词是the song Long Live,是物;定语从句缺少的是句子的主语,关系词不能省略。which指物,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。2The girl _ an English song in the next
2、room is Toms sister.Awho is singingBis singingCsangDwas singing【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。这里使用了定语从句,先行词是the girl,定语从句中缺少主语,用who或that引导定语从句,故选A。3-Have you found the information about the famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.AwhoBwhatCwhomDwhi
3、ch【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。4This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况: 当先行词是everyth
4、ing, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如:Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sen
5、se of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4
6、. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如: She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is
7、the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间? 当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.5 What are you looking for? Im looking for the book _ you
8、bought last Sunday.AwhoBwhenCthat【答案】C【解析】句意:你正在寻找什么?我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作定语从句的主语或宾语;when引导定语从句,作状语;that引导定语从句,修饰事物或人,作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物,作定语从句谓语bought的宾语,故用that引导定语从句,故选C。6(江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试)- What are you doing? -Im reading the book _you lent me last week.AwhatBwhoCwhenDthat【答案】D【解析
9、】【分析】考点:考查关系代词。【详解】试题分析:句意:-你在做什么?-我正在读你上周借给我的书。what 什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,先行词是人;when什么时候,先行词是时间;that那个,先行词是人或物。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰前面的名词the book,指物,故应选D。7The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人,作从句的宾语;which指物,作从句的主语或宾语;who指人,
10、作从句的主语或宾语;whose即指人也指物,作从句的定语,后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语,而“the girl”指人,故选C。8The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.AwhoBwhichCwhereDwhen【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:我看过两次的电影是流浪地球。A. who谁,指人的引导词;B. which哪一个,指物的引导词;C. where哪里,指地点;D. when什么时间,指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie,因此引导词用which。故选B。9What kind of
11、 movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhen【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢什么种类的电影?我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词,先行词是物;B. who关系词,先行词指人;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。10China is getting better at making hi-tech products _ can be
12、 bought in all parts of the world.AwhoBwhichCwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:中国在制造高科技产品方面变得更加擅长,并且这些产品世界大部分地区都能买到。此句考查定语从句的关系词。who引导定语从句时先行词是人,who在从句中作主语或宾语;which引导定语从句时先行词是物,which在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能用来引导定语从句。本句的先行词是hi-tech products高科技产品,指物,用which来引导,故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语
13、从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man who
14、se car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。11一What kind of movies do you like?一I prefer movies give me s
15、omething to think about.AthatBwhatCwhere【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影? 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that:指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where哪里,先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies,指物,因此用that 来引导。故选A。12Do you know the boy over there?The one is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.AwhatBwhichCwhoD不填【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:
16、 你认识那边那个男孩吗? 那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。故选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人的先行词,因此应该用who来引导。故
17、选C。13Ill never forget the story _.Athat cheers me upBwho cheers me upCwhat cheers me up【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来;who cheers me up使我振作起来的人;what cheers me up使我振作起来的。根据句子结构可知,该空应该是一个定语从句,修饰空前的名词the story,指物,故B不对,who引导的定语从句,先行词应该是人;C选项中what不能引导定语从句,也不对。故应选A。14一Whichsong
18、doyoulikebetterMaria?一IpreferthesongManualofYouth_issungbyTFBOYSAwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】C 考查定语从句的引导词。句意:Maria,你更喜欢哪首歌? 我喜欢TFBOYS唱的青春修炼手册。分析句子结构,本句中的 is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物,且在定语从句中作逻辑主语,所以关系代词用which 故选C【点睛】完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物,以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分15Dont throw
19、 away pens and erasers _ you havent used up.AwhereBwhichCwhoDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句,可排除D。where表示地点;which表示事物;who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers(钢笔和橡皮)是物,需用which引导;根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。16The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Shiyan so famous.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhy【答
20、案】B【解析】【详解】句意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词;B. which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C. who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which,故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中
21、所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词
22、或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。17The story _ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.AwhoseBwhoCthatDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事
23、是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。18There will be a stamp show in the museum _ we visited last week.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人;when的先行词是时间名词,在从句中作状语;what不能引导定语从句, 此处先行词是museum,是事物,应该用关系代词which替代museum,在从句中作visit的宾语,故选C。19 Have y
24、ou watched the TV play In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?-It s the most popular play _our Party s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).Awhere showBwhich showCthat showsDwho shows【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:你看过电视剧人民的名义吗?这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。考查定语从句。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候,关系代词只能用that。故选C。20一Please tell me someth
25、ing about Yang Liwei.一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proudAthatBwhoseCwhoDwhom【答案】D【解析】句意:请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。be proud of为-感到自豪;这是一个定语从句,介词of后面应用宾格,故选D21According to a survey, people _ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.Aw
26、hichBwhomCwhoseDwho【答案】D【解析】句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。22Pauls uncle is the man taught us Chinese last year.AwhereBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:保罗的叔叔是那个去年教我们中文的人。本题考查定语从句的用法,根据先行词是人,可知关系词用who。故选
27、C。考点:考查定语从句的关系词。23According to the survey, women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than _who dont.A who; that B /; theseC who; those D / ; /【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定,who的先
28、行词指人。此外,这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较,代词应用those,表示同名同物,故应选C。考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。24When Robinson got to the island,the first thing _he did was to look for some foodAwhoBwhichCthatDWhat【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找 一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰, 故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。考点:考查定语从句。25Id like to tell you
29、 the table manners _ you should know when you visit South Korea this summer holiday.AwhatBwhoCwhichDwhy【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what 什么;Which哪一个;who谁;why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。26 What did you do in todays history class? We talked about the chara
30、cters _ achieve fame in our Chinese history.AwhenBwhatCwhereDwho【答案】D【解析】D试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters指人,故关联词用who,在从句中作主语,答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的关联词。27Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of some famous singers _ I can
31、use in my speech.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。28Ill never forget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.It must have a great effect on your life.AwhenBthatCwhichDin which【答案】A【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我和
32、农民一起在农场里生活的那些年。它一定对你的生活有很大的影响。考查定语从句。先行词the years是时间,需用when做引导词。根据句意结构,可知选A。29Confucius was a great thinker had many wise ideas about human nature.AwhoBwhichC/【答案】A【解析】句意:孔子是一位伟大的思想家,他对人性有很多明智的想法。考查定语从句。who用于先行词是人时,which用于先行词是物时。先行词thinker(思想家)是人,需用who引导,引导词做从句的主语,不可省略;根据句意语境,可知选A。30We have decided to sell five things _ we no longer use.AthatBwhereCwho【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“我们已经决定卖5个我们不再用的东西”。本题考查定语从句。A.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;B.关系副词,表示地点,在从句中作状语;C.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中,先行词为five things,指物,且在从句中作宾语,用that,故选A。
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