初中英语阅读教学课件.ppt

1、第一讲第一讲 导言导言第二讲第二讲 阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径第三讲第三讲 如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？第四讲第四讲 重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养 英语教与学的重要途径英语教与学的重要途径 能力与素质的基本要求能力与素质的基本要求 终身自主性学习的基础终身自主性学习的基础 运用英语最迫切的需求运用英语最迫切的需求 评价与考试的重要内容评价与考试的重要内容 三级三级能读懂小故事及其他文体的简单书面材料能读懂小故事及其他文体的简单书面材料 四级四级能读懂常见文体的小短文和相应水平的报能读懂常见文体的小短文和相

2、应水平的报刊文章刊文章 五级五级能读懂相应水平的读物和报刊、杂志，克能读懂相应水平的读物和报刊、杂志，克服生词障碍，理解大意。能根据阅读目的服生词障碍，理解大意。能根据阅读目的运用适当的阅读策略。运用适当的阅读策略。九年义务教育英语课程标准（送审稿）三三级级1能正确地朗读课文；能正确地朗读课文；2能理解并执行有关学习活动的简短书面指令；能理解并执行有关学习活动的简短书面指令；3能读懂简单故事和短文并抓住大意；能读懂简单故事和短文并抓住大意；4能初步使用简单的工具书；能初步使用简单的工具书；5课外阅读量应累计达到课外阅读量应累计达到4万词以上。万词以上。九年义务教育英语课程标准（送审稿）四四级级

3、1能连贯、流畅地能连贯、流畅地朗读朗读 课文；课文；2能能理解理解简易读物中的事件发生顺序和人物行为；简易读物中的事件发生顺序和人物行为；3能从简单的文章中找出有关信息，理解大意；能从简单的文章中找出有关信息，理解大意；4能根据上下文能根据上下文猜测生词的意思猜测生词的意思；5能理解并解释图表提供的信息；能理解并解释图表提供的信息；6能读懂简单的个人信件、说明文等应用文体材能读懂简单的个人信件、说明文等应用文体材 料料;7能能使用英汉词典等工具书使用英汉词典等工具书帮助阅读理解；帮助阅读理解；8课外阅读课外阅读量应累计达到量应累计达到10万词以上。万词以上。朗读朗读猜测生词的意思猜测生词的意思

4、理解使用英汉词典等工具书使用英汉词典等工具书课外阅读九年义务教育英语课程标准（送审稿）五五级级1能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；2能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；3能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测 故事情节的发展和可能的结局；故事情节的发展和可能的结局；4能读懂相应水平的、常见体裁的读物；能读懂相应水平的、常见体裁的读物；5能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略阅读策略获获 取信息；取信息；6能能利用词典等工具书利用词典等工具书进

5、行学习；进行学习；7课外阅读课外阅读量应累计达到量应累计达到15万词以上。万词以上。阅读策略阅读策略利用词典等工具书利用词典等工具书课外阅读课外阅读九年义务教育英语课程标准（送审稿）第一讲第一讲 导言导言第二讲第二讲 阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径第三讲第三讲 如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？第四讲第四讲 重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养简明汉英词典1.experience 感受、体验2.inspect 观察、检验、检查3.read 看懂、理解、读导 言看阅默读诵读观察、感受、联想、想象、思考识别、识记、思维、理解、

6、记忆领悟、记忆、表达、抒情、创造Arouse interest/emotion/motivation interest/emotion/motivation Cultivate vocabularyvocabularyTeach for comprehensionfor comprehensionIncrease reading ratereading rateVerify reading strategiesreading strategiesEvaluate progressprogress1 to prepare and use to work hard to develop a par

7、ticular skill,attitude,or quality3 to make an effort to develop 1 to discover 2 to check out“悦悦”读读 happy 高兴的、愉快的高兴的、愉快的 pleased 满意的、乐意的满意的、乐意的情 感感 情CultivateCultivate vocabulary 学生双语报双语学习报l 词汇是阅读教学研究关注的重点之一；词汇是阅读教学研究关注的重点之一；l 词汇量与阅读技能有着明显的相关性；词汇量与阅读技能有着明显的相关性；l 词汇量与词汇技能是值得探讨的问题。词汇量与词汇技能是值得探讨的问题。词汇和语

8、篇之间是存在很大障碍的。教英语词汇和语篇之间是存在很大障碍的。教英语不等于就是教词汇。（不等于就是教词汇。（Teaching English is Teaching English is NOT a matter of teaching words.NOT a matter of teaching words.）语感是完成）语感是完成词汇到语篇之间飞跃的助力。语感只有在语篇词汇到语篇之间飞跃的助力。语感只有在语篇（会话与课文）和其他英语信息的感觉与学习（会话与课文）和其他英语信息的感觉与学习中才能获得并得以强化和发展。中才能获得并得以强化和发展。Lets share our happiness

9、.If you share your problems and worries,youll feel better.分享？分享？Strategy:You will learn to use new words better if you use a learners dictionary.A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want.词汇量词汇量（vocabulary size）掌握词汇的多少掌握词汇的多少词汇能力词汇能力（vocabulary skills）运用词汇的能力

10、，如识别单词的意思、在说话运用词汇的能力，如识别单词的意思、在说话和写作中选择合适的单词、在语境中猜测单词的意和写作中选择合适的单词、在语境中猜测单词的意思等。思等。教师普遍比较忽视词汇技能的培养教师普遍比较忽视词汇技能的培养。Building Vocabulary:Using Context Clues to Learn Word Meaning When authors write,they often include context clues to the meaning of words they use but think that some of their readers ma

11、y not know Teach for comprehension 阅读教学不能以检测学生理解的活动为主线进行。以阅读教学不能以检测学生理解的活动为主线进行。以 检测阅读理解结果为主导的阅读活动不完全能提高学检测阅读理解结果为主导的阅读活动不完全能提高学 生的阅读技能。生的阅读技能。阅读教学应该以帮助学生去理解为核心目标，即要阅读教学应该以帮助学生去理解为核心目标，即要 以帮助学生学会阅读；帮助他们解决如何理解等问题。以帮助学生学会阅读；帮助他们解决如何理解等问题。Problem:testing reading comprehension rather than teaching reade

12、rs how to comprehend Computers have become very important in many areas of work and play.There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.In space,computers help astronauts and pilots control the speed and direction of a spaceships flight.With the help of computers,doctors

13、 can find diseases easily and solve other problems.For example,tiny computers inside peoples bodies keep their hearts beating well.In factories,robots controlled by computers can do work that is dangerous to humans.Computers are also used in business to place and cancel orders.At the same time,they

14、have made the workplaces safer and better.Since the Internet came into being,peoples lives at home have changed,too.More and more people have personal computers,and they use them to play games and watch movies.Thanks to the Internet,people can do shopping and do business at home.Instead of writing l

15、etters on paper,people communicate by sending e-mails and chatting on line.The whole world is connected.Computers have made the world smaller,like a village.Computers have improved our lives,but they have brought problems,too.For instance,if we work on computers too long,we may get headaches or sore

16、 eyes.If we play computer games too much,we wont study well and get enough exercise.Although computers help us at work and at home,we must use them properly.Computers have become very important in many areas of work and play.There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business

17、.In space,computers help astronauts and pilots control the speed and direction of a spaceships flight.With the help of computers,doctors can find diseases easily and solve other problems.For example,tiny computers inside peoples bodies keep their hearts beating well.In factories,robots controlled by

18、 computers can do work that is dangerous to humans.Computers are also used in business to place and cancel orders.At the same time,they have made the workplaces safer and better.Since the Internet came into being,peoples lives at home have changed,too.More and more people have personal computers,and

19、 they use them to play games and watch movies.Thanks to the Internet,people can do shopping and do business at home.Instead of writing letters on paper,people communicate by sending e-mails and chatting on line.The whole world is connected.Computers have made the world smaller,like a village.Compute

20、rs have improved our lives,but they have brought problems,too.For instance,if we work on computers too long,we may get headaches or sore eyes.If we play computer games too much,we wont study well and get enough exercise.Although computers help us at work and at home,we must use them properly.Compute

21、rs have become very important in many areas of work and puters are very useful in technology and business.Since the Internet came into being,peoples lives at home have changed,too.Computers have improved our lives,but they have brought problems,too.technologyComputers important in useful in business

22、 In spaceIn hospitalsIn factoriesthe Internet peoples lives at home have changedhave brought problems设问：设问：When?What to do？感知感知读图读图 猜想猜想 预预测测Key words:festivalHalloweenwitchtricktreatOn Halloween 1.What the children do Trick or treat2.The game the children play Apple BobbingShow them a picture what

23、a switch like获取信息；获取信息；选择信息；选择信息；连接信息；连接信息；理解信息；理解信息；加工信息；加工信息；Zhang Hua is 25 years old.He helped his neighbour out of a fire.On 10th May,Zhang Hua was at home alone.Suddenly he heard someone shouting Fire!Fire!He ran outside.He saw a lot of smoke from next door.He went in and saw his neighbour,the

24、 79-year-old Mrs Sun,in the kitchen.She could get out because she hurt her leg.Anything could happen to her at that moment.Zhang Hua quickly ran back to his flat and poured water over his jacket.Then he rushed into Mrs Suns kitchen to save her.There was a lot of smoke and the fire was very hot.He wa

25、s not afraid.He put out the fire with a blanket and helped Mrs Sun out.The fire burnt Zhang Huas neck,arms and face.He was in hospital for two months.Many people visited him and brought him flowers and presnts.What a brave young man!they said.Zhang Hua was glad that he helped Mrs Sun.We should help

26、each other,he said.Zhang Hua also said,Fire can be very dangerous.It is important to be careful with fire.A brave young man!Everyone likes gifts.Some little kids think they dont get enough gifts.Some old people think they get too many gifts.Different people like different kinds of gifts.Some present

27、s are never too small.A little child may give his mother a leaf from a tree.It is enough to make her very happy.Gifts giving is different in different countries.In Japan,people sometimes give special gifts.But they are not opened.Later,the same gift may be given away to someone else.Many people have

28、 enough things and dont want too many gifts themselves.In Canada,many people will not give big gifts to someone else.They will pay for a park bench or a tree to help remember a person.In the USA,some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts.In Sweden,

29、doing something for someone is the best gift.People dont need to spend too much money.Instead,making a meal is enough.Gift givingDifferent people like different kinds of gifts.Everyone likes gifts.Gifts giving is different in different countries.Japan Canada USA Sweden COUNTRYCUSTOM OF GIFT GIVINGJa

30、panCanadaThe USASwedengive special gifts(sometimes);not open the gift;give the same gift away to someone elsenot give big gifts;pay for a bench or a tree to help remember someonegive money to charity rather than buy someone giftsnot spend too much money on giftsdo something for someone,e.g.making a

31、mealGift givingDifferent people like different kinds of gifts.Everyone likes gifts.Gifts giving is different in different countries.Japan Canada USA Sweden Some presents are never too small.People dont need to spend too much money on gifts.Small gifts,even a leaf can make people happy.Gift giving ma

32、kes others remember your love or friendship.阅读理解过程中的两种心理活动阅读理解过程中的两种心理活动认知活动认知活动元认知活动元认知活动思考（思考（thinking），），理解阅读材料所理解阅读材料所表达意思的过程表达意思的过程对思考的思考对思考的思考（thinking about thinking）对阅读理解过程的监控对阅读理解过程的监控阅读理解过程中的元认知技能：阅读理解过程中的元认知技能：选择、连接和解释所感知的信息；选择、连接和解释所感知的信息；想象，想象，提出假设和预测提出假设和预测 根据观察和感知的内容设问根据观察和感知的内容设问 采用自

33、我监控和自我修正策略采用自我监控和自我修正策略 评价阅读活动的成果评价阅读活动的成果 以话题为中心，语篇为主线以话题为中心，语篇为主线 注重培养学生篇章阅读能力；注重培养学生篇章阅读能力；整体粗线条地阅读理解入手；整体粗线条地阅读理解入手；由表及里地多层次阅读理解；由表及里地多层次阅读理解；分轻重缓急解决词语和结构；分轻重缓急解决词语和结构；词汇和语法等教学融合于阅、词汇和语法等教学融合于阅、读、对话和表达等活动之中读、对话和表达等活动之中 围绕所获信息展开听说读写围绕所获信息展开听说读写 整体输入整体输入获得泛化的图像获得泛化的图像多层次理解多层次理解 理解理解语言学习语言学习获得清晰的图像

34、获得清晰的图像 拓展与运用拓展与运用粗线条粗线条 in a rough way多层次多层次 from surface to deeper comprehension&learning大容量大容量 3 times more input information“教学教学”转变为转变为“学学”和和“习习”？无疑则思不起无疑则思不起 problem-solving method 词汇和结构学习融词汇和结构学习融合在篇章学习过程中合在篇章学习过程中 紧密结合话题与语篇内容紧密结合话题与语篇内容 学习、实践词语结构知识学习、实践词语结构知识 深化课文内容理解和学习深化课文内容理解和学习 避免孤立的知识传授

35、讲解避免孤立的知识传授讲解第一讲第一讲 导言导言第二讲第二讲 阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径第三讲第三讲 初中英语阅读教学案例展示点评初中英语阅读教学案例展示点评第四讲第四讲 如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？第五讲第五讲 重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养第一讲第一讲 导言导言第二讲第二讲 阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径第三讲第三讲 如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？第四讲第四讲 重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养I got up and too

36、k a shower.Then I ate breakfast.At 7:20 I went to school.Classes began at 8:30.We had English,Chinese,math and music in the morning.MsLi taught us the song You and Me at the beginning of her class.Our Chinese teacher wrote a poem on the blackboard and asked us to read aloud first.The math teacher ga

37、ve us two problems to do as usual.They were difficult,but I did pretty well.We didnt learn new songs in music class.Instead,we heard kinds of music and the teacher told us a lot about pop music.I came back home at around 5 pm.I read newspapers till dinner.After dinner I did homework.At 9:20,I took a

38、nother shower,then I went to bed.？Anne was a special girl.She is one of the top students in her class.She is in a wheelchair,but she took part in a run to raise money for cancer research.The run is called the Terry Fox Run.And she raised the most money in the Run.So she is going to receive a special

39、 award.Ann has been in a wheelchair since she was eight years old.He ran for more than 5000 kilometres before he had to stop.Ann will get the award because she raised the most money in Terry Fox Run.Although Ann has been in a wheelchair since she was eight years old,she managed to be the top student

40、s in the class.Even though Ann was in a wheelchair,she decided to work hard and see if she could finish the 30-kilometre trip.Though he lost one leg to cancer when he was 15 years old,he worked hard trying to reach the goal.第一讲第一讲 导言导言第二讲第二讲 阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径阅读教学的设计思路与教学途径第三讲第三讲 如何在阅读中实施语言知识教学？如何在阅读中实施

41、语言知识教学？第四讲第四讲 重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养重视学生自主性阅读能力的培养听，是攻克英语城堡的突破口听，是攻克英语城堡的突破口读，是发展英语能力的永动机读，是发展英语能力的永动机 Reading for pleasure Reading for information Reading for vocabulary Reading for language Reading for testingsupport&helpResource-based PyramidValuable resources3a related resourcesTextbookCore resources大量地

42、大量地“感觉感觉”（即听和读）（即听和读）可接受的支持材料。对目标语的语可接受的支持材料。对目标语的语言接触达到某一变量时（因个人而言接触达到某一变量时（因个人而异），量变便引起质变，就能把英异），量变便引起质变，就能把英语变成自己的第二天性，即语感。语变成自己的第二天性，即语感。必须积极开发和广泛利用其他资源作必须积极开发和广泛利用其他资源作为教材资源的补充、延伸和拓展，以开拓为教材资源的补充、延伸和拓展，以开拓教与学的多种渠道，更新教与学的方式，教与学的多种渠道，更新教与学的方式，增强教与学的开放性和灵活性，使正规教增强教与学的开放性和灵活性，使正规教育和非正规教育得以和谐和有机的结合。育

43、和非正规教育得以和谐和有机的结合。Newspaper in Education,NIE,is an international program begun in 1955 to advance the use of newspapers in schools.The main purpose of the program is to improve reading,spelling and writing abilities.信息多元信息多元动态活泼动态活泼贴近时代贴近时代贴近社会贴近社会贴近生活贴近生活Learning by using“tools”人类进化：大约生存在人类进化：大约生存在300万年到万年到150万年前，猿人已万年前，猿人已具备人类基本特点具备人类基本特点,能直立行走，制造和用简单的工具。能直立行走，制造和用简单的工具。制造和运用工具制造和运用工具是人类进化是人类进化的典型特征的典型特征人类的进化：直立行走，学会制造、发明、运用工具人类的进化：直立行走，学会制造、发明、运用工具拓展性学习：自主体验，学会使用学习的资源和工具拓展性学习：自主体验，学会使用学习的资源和工具电脑电脑网络网络电子辞典电子辞典工具书工具书点读笔点读笔笨 光会教书本的不是好光会教书本的不是好老师，通过书本教会学老师，通过书本教会学生念书法子的才是好老生念书法子的才是好老师。师。