◆◆高考英语高频词汇的一次一词多义◆◆（最新精华课件.ppt

1、“Without grammar very little can be conveyed,without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.”-David WilkinsVocabulary Revision20092009年高考完型填空年高考完型填空Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining，construction，and warfare as the inventor of dynamite（炸药）.On April 12，1888，Alfreds brother L

2、udwig died of heart attack.A major French newspaper 21 mistook his brother for him and carried an article 22 announcing the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead.”The article read.“Dr.Alfred Nobel，who became 23 rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yest

3、erday.”Nobel was 24upset to find out 68%89.5%not that he had died，but that，when his time was up，he would be thought of only as one who profited from 25 death and destruction.To make sure that he was 26 remembered with love and respect.Nobel arranged in his 27 will to give the largest part of his mon

4、ey to 28 establish the Nobel prizes，which would be awarded to people who made great 29 contributions to the causes of peace，literature，and the sciences.So 30 basically，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.2009年高考完型填空68.4%76.3%94.7%will:will:E.g.Where there is a will,the

5、re is a way.e.g.Has he made a will yet?e.g.Things turned out to be against his will.意志意志遗嘱遗嘱 意愿意愿cause:n.cause:n.eg.What was the cause of the accident?eg.You have no cause to complain.eg.World peace is a cause we should all work for.争取世界和平是一项我们都应该为之而努力的事业。起因起因理由理由目标目标,理想理想,事业事业cause:vt.cause:vt.caus

6、e sb.to do sth.cause sb.to do sth.eg.What caused him to quit his job?是什么原因使他辞职的?cause sb.trouble/problems/inconveniencecause sb.trouble/problems/inconvenience eg.Im afraid Im causing you much trouble.我怕给你增添很多麻烦。导致；使发生导致；使发生polysemy(一词多义)A word has more than one meaning out of context(the meanings ar

7、e related to one another)eg.A：Do you know what happens to liars when they die?B：Yes,sir.They lie still.A:你知道说谎的人死的时候会怎样吗?B:我知道。他们依然撒谎/躺在那儿一动不动。We take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families always making ourselves believe that this style of life is merely a temporary state of affairs

8、along the road to what we really want to do.(2006年广东 阅读 D篇)You can add as many users as you want,provided/providingprovided/providing they each have a Windows account.account.(2007年完型填空)1.provide提供；供应；供给只要；以.为条件；假如The hotel providesa shoe-cleaningservice _ guests.The project is designed to provide y

9、oung people _ work.You can borrow the car,_ I can have it back by six oclock._ we meet our profit targets,we will donate one million dollars to charity.1.providev.&conj.forwithprovidingProvided2.accountYou can add as many users as you want,provided they each have a Windows account.(2007年完型填空)The iss

10、ue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said.(2008阅读 C 篇)帐户描述；叙述；2.accountIn the magazine,Cook gives a colorful account of his first meeting with Hamilton.Can you

11、 charge this to my account please?On no account must you disturb meAfro-Americans account for 12%of the US population.Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.These figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation(通货膨胀).描述；叙述帐户占比例解释考虑绝不,切莫3.courseThis proverb is saying we

12、have to let things go in their 39 (natural)course.（2008语法填空）open university course(2005听力获取信息)attending summer courses(2006年听力)Dont take too many courses(2008听力)过程；方式课程3.courseduring/in/throughout/over the course of somethingDuring the course of our conversation,it emerged that Bob had been in priso

13、n.Over the course of the next few years,the steel industry was reorganized.The ship was blown off course.The plane changed course to avoid the storm.The ticket includes entry and a four-course meal.Were having appetizers,a main course,a dessert,drinks,everything.golf course过程；进程航向一道菜主菜高尔夫球场4.termIn

14、a scene in Book Three of War and Peace,the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇),who has come with peace terms.(2008阅读 C 篇)He,not the Tsar,is the one to make the terms.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms are often changed

15、into forms no longerunderstood by native speakers.（NMET2003.D篇）这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。条款术语;字眼4.termIts a mistake to think of Florida only in terms of its tourist attractions.Many legal terms have more than one meaning.It was he who coined(=invented)the term.It was always clear that Sch

16、midts third term in office would prove a difficult one.We were soon on first-name terms.We are on good terms with all our neighbours.从方面来说；就而言术语任期关系5.chargeBecause the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure,many of us usually wait for others to take charge.(2005 广东 阅读 B篇)Say a

17、store clerk fails to charge us for an item.(2007年阅读 B篇)On the other hand,if we tell the cleark about the uncharged item,the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty.(2007年阅读B篇)Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal

18、,which(2009年广东任务型写作文章)负起责任；挺身而出收费负责5.chargeThe children were left in the charge of a nurse.Leave the battery on charge all night.He appeared in court on a murder charge.An additional charge of 15%will be added to your bill for service.We wont charge for delivery if you pay now.The gallery charges an

19、 entrance fee.Wilson charged the drinks to his room.Gibbons has been charged with murder.The boys charged noisily into the water.The bear charged towards her at full speed.He charged me to arrange everything.有某人照料向方向冲去突然猛冲；猛攻把记在帐上收费指控委托充电6.givenCandidates will have to give a presentation on a given

20、topic.The Director was the only one who was called by anything but his given name.Given(taking something into account)the circumstances,youve done really well.given thatGiven that the patients have some disabilities,we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible.The work must be done w

21、ithin the given time.规定的名字考虑到7.stateWe take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families always making ourselves believe that this style of life is merely a temporary state of affairs along the road to what we really want to do.(2006年广东 阅读 D篇)状态,状况7。stateAll matters have three states:solid;

22、liquid and gas.When we bought the house,it was in a terrible state.Queensland is one of the states of Australia.Which part of the States would you suggest I visit?The receipt clearly states that refunds are not allowed.The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before.规定州;邦状态,状况陈述;敘述美国 not th

23、at he had died，but that，when his time was up，he would be thought of only as one who profited from 25 death and destruction.To make sure that he was 26 remembered with love and respect.Nobel arranged in his 27 will to give the largest part of his money to 28 establish the Nobel prizes，which would be

24、awarded to people who made great 29 contributions to the causes of peace，literature，and the sciences.So 30 basically，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.2009年高考完型填空68.4%76.3%94.7%20092009年高考完型填空年高考完型填空Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining，con

25、struction，and warfare as the inventor of dynamite（炸药）.On April 12，1888，Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major French newspaper 21 mistook his brother for him and carried an article 22 announcing the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead.”The article read.“Dr.Alfred Nobel，

26、who became 23 rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday.”Nobel was 24upset to find out 68%89.5%Collocation(搭配)A collocation is a pair or group of words that are often used together.These combinations sound natural to native speakers,but students of English have

27、to make a special effort to learn them because they are often difficult to guess.Some combinations just sound wrong to native speakers of English.For example,the adjective fastfast collocates with cars,but not with a glance.eg.fast cars;fast food;a quick glance;a quick mealCollocation(搭配)mistake for

28、 make a contribution to establish the prizes Collocation 1(搭配)1.academic book2.reference form3.bachelor/master horizon 4.enlarge knowledge5.academic vocabulary 6.acquire/gain atmosphere7.gifted comprehension8.application requirement9.broaden degree10.reading childrennnCollocation 2(搭配)1.Resist coffe

29、e2.digital budget3.tight temptation4.personal atmosphere5.relaxed preference6.instant camera 7.make lounge8.spacious food9.abundant reservation10.autonomous region nnnCollocation 3(搭配)1.Fragrant card2.facial Hills3.identification shoes4.leather instrument5.musical water6.Maple garden7.Splendid leave

30、s8.Mineral expression9.Botanical China 10.smooth journeynnCollocation 4(搭配)pulsory education2.contemporary literature3.school debate4.heated booth5.telephone authority6.positive/negative figure7.religious attitude8.remote area 9.slim belief10.boarding schoolnnnnsenior nnCollocation 5(搭配)1.social cou

31、rt2.supreme guilty3.feel price4.arranged petitive status6.insurance position 7.awkward marriage8.innocent policy9.federal government10.senior citizen nnnnCollocation(搭配)practice 11.The meetings were concluded with a _ conference.2.In allocating housing,_ is given to families with young children.3.Wh

32、ich type you choose is a matter of personal _.4.Keep their price list on filefor future _(=so that it can be looked at in the future).Collocation(搭配)practice 25.I cant _ the difference between them.6.The food was _ and delicious.7.How do I create a relaxing _ in class?8.The college acquired a _(名声；名

33、誉)for very high standards.9.She resisted the _ to laugh.Collocation(搭配)practice 310.He spent years _ his skills as a surgeon.11.Elsie _ a good knowledge of Chinese12.Visitors will enjoy the good/_ atmosphere in either of our good/_ dining room,both serving good/_ food to both residents and non-resid

34、ents.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village,I wanted to reward the old woman 39 for the trouble I had caused 40 _.（2007年语法填空）Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes _37_ sale.She did not hesitate for long:although her fath

35、er smoked a pipe only once in a while，she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _38_.When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already _39_ table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane _

36、40_（inform）.(2009年语法填空)writing 由于在光纤通信方面的突出成就，2009年 诺贝尔物理奖授予Charles K.Kao。他1933年出生于上海。1949年随全家移居香港。1957年在英国获得学士学位。1965 在英国伦敦大学获得电子工程博士学位。他被广泛誉为“光纤通信之父”，是有史以来最杰出的华人科学家之一，对科学的发展做出了非凡的贡献。他有英国和美国国籍，他在1987-1996年任香港中文大学校长。中国青年人对科学与技术的热情和灵感将会进一步激发。Charles K.Gao has been awarded 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics

37、for his outstanding achievements in fibre optic communications.Born in Shanghai in 1933,he moved to Hong Kong with his families in 1949.He received his bachelor degree in 1957 and Ph.D in Electronic Engineering in 1965 respectively in UK.Widely considered as“father of fibre optic communications”,he

38、is one of the outstanding Chinese scientists of all time,and has made exceptional contributions to the development of science.With British and U.S.nationality,Kao served as the vice-chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong between 1987 and1996.Chinese youths passion and aspiration for science and technology will be further encouraged this award.