名词性从句中的虚拟语气-课件.ppt

1、名词性从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气的常考形式：虚拟语气的常考形式：1.名词性从句名词性从句2.固定句式固定句式3.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况可用可不用虚拟语气的情况一坚持一坚持 二命令二命令 四建议四建议 五要求五要求 一一.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气 insistorder/commandsuggest/advise/propose/recommenddesire/demand/request/require/ask 名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气should do!should do!should do!1“坚持坚持”insist2“命令命令”order,comm

2、and3“建议建议”advise,suggest,propose,recommend4“要求要求”ask,demand,require,request,desire +(that)sb(should)do.或是或是(that)sb/sth(should)be done 宾语从句宾语从句我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。老师要求作业要及时完成。We suggested _.(that)Tom have a restHe insisted _.(that)I(should

3、)go with himThey requested(that)Tom _.(should)be sent to work thereThe teacher asked(that)our homework _.(should)be finished in timeIt is ordered/commanded/It is ordered/commanded/suggested/advised/suggested/advised/requested/required/requested/required/demanded demanded thatthat (should)(should)dod

4、o It is suggested that we(should)It is suggested that we(should)practise reading English everyday.practise reading English everyday.(一).主语从句主语从句that不可省略不可省略这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do The/Ones insistence/order/The/Ones insistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/command/suggestion/advice/

5、proposal/recommendation/request proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desire is/requirement/demand/desire is/was was thatthat (should)do (should)do (二).表语从句表语从句The suggestion given by our teacher is that we(should)practise reading English everyday.that不可省略不可省略a/the suggestion/request a/

6、the suggestion/request(等等)thatthat (should)do (should)do She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.The teacher gives us a suggestion that we(should)practise reading English everyday.(三）.同位语从句同位语从句that不可省略不可省略 Its suggested that the plan(should)be carried out at once.The old woman

7、s demand is that her son(should)come to see her once a week.We are in favor of the advice that the factory(should)be closed down.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句If it werent for 要不是要不是 (固定句式固定句式)与现在事实相反与现在事实相反If it hadnt been for与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 二二.虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式 If it were not for lacking money

8、,I If it were not for lacking money,I would would go travelling right now.go travelling right now.=Were it not for lacking money,=Were it not for lacking money,If it had not been for your help,we If it had not been for your help,we couldnt have finished the work couldnt have finished the work yester

9、day.yesterday.=Had it not been for your help,=Had it not been for your help,but for but for（二）（二）If only !要是要是就好了就好了If only I were a bird!If only we had followed your advice!If only she would go with me!与与 wish 的宾语从句相似的宾语从句相似only if只要只要就，只有就，只有才才引导的从句位于句首，引导的从句位于句首，主句倒装！倒装！主句倒装！倒装！Only if a teacher

10、has given permission is a student allowed to enter the room.（三）犹如，好像，仿佛（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if/as though 假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：It looks as if we will be late.试比较：试比较：He walks as if he is drunk.He walks as if he were drunk.他真的醉了。他真的醉了。他没有醉。他没有醉。It look

11、s as if it is going to rain.It looks as if it were going to rain.快要下雨了。快要下雨了。不会下雨。不会下雨。As if/as though在虚拟语气中的用法在虚拟语气中的用法as if/as thoughsb did（were）sb had done sb would /could do 现在现在过去过去将来将来与与 wish 的宾语从句相似的宾语从句相似shouldHe behaves as if he_(own)the house.owned1).1).从句的动作与主句动作同时发生从句的动作与主句动作同时发生 (可以可以理解

12、成与现在事实相反理解成与现在事实相反)He behaves as if he _(be)the owner of the house.wereShe talked about Rome as though she _(be)there herself.had been2).2).从句的动作发生在主句动作之前从句的动作发生在主句动作之前 (可以可以理解成与过去事实相反理解成与过去事实相反)He coughed(咳嗽咳嗽)twice as if someone would come.他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。3).3).从句的动作发生在主句动作之后从句的动作发生在主句

13、动作之后 (可以可以理解成与将来事实相反理解成与将来事实相反)（四）（四）宁愿，但愿宁愿，但愿 would rather 宁愿，但愿宁愿，但愿 sb did 与现在或将来与现在或将来情况相反情况相反sb had done 与过去情况相反与过去情况相反I would rather you returned me my money now.I would rather we hadnt told her the bad news.I would rather you came tomorrow.sb did sb should do注意注意:should不能省略不能省略 (五五)It is(hig

14、h/about)time(that)“是时候是时候.(做某事做某事)”现在现在将来将来 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。是时候采取措施来保护环境了。It is(high/about)time that we took/should take measures to protect the environment.你该走了。你该走了。Its(high/about)time that you went/should go.Its necessary/strange/natural(自然的自然的,理应理应如此的如此的)/important +that sb(should)do（六）（六）.在表达惊异、惋

15、惜、遗憾、理应如此在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气1).It is important that we _(master 精通精通)a foreign language.2).真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。Its _ that she _ to come to the party.3).鸟在树上安歇鸟在树上安歇/休息是很自然的。休息是很自然的。It is _ that a bird _ in trees.(should)master(should)refusestrangenatural(should

16、)rest三三.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况可用可不用虚拟语气的情况1.if1.if2.insist,suggest2.insist,suggest3.3.as if/thoughas if/thoughinsist/suggest 各有两种意思，用不同的语气各有两种意思，用不同的语气insist:“坚决坚决/持要求做某事持要求做某事”用虚拟语气用虚拟语气 should do;insist:“坚持认为坚持认为,坚持说坚持说”用陈述语气用陈述语气The man in prison insisted that he _(do)nothing and _(be)set free.The patient

17、insisted that he _(not be)ill and _(not be)sent to the hospital.He insisted that I had read his letter.He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。他坚持要我看他的信。had doneshould bewasntshouldnt be suggest:“suggest:“建议建议”用虚拟语气，即用虚拟语气，即should do;should do;suggest:“suggest:“表明、暗示表明、暗示”用陈述语气用陈述语气He s

18、uggests we should go at once.Her expression suggested she was very angry.他提议我们马上出发.她脸上的表情显示她生气了.1.The teacher suggested that we _ (practise)more after class.2.Her pale face suggests that she _(be)ill today.(should)practiseis When a pencil is partly in a glass of When a pencil is partly in a glass of

19、 water,it looks as if it were broken.water,it looks as if it were broken.The dark clouds are gathering.It looks The dark clouds are gathering.It looks as if it is going to rain.as if it is going to rain.as if/as though 判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间判断虚拟时间Exercise I advised that you _ the job as

20、soon as possible.A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised.A should B would C must D could3.My father did not go to New 3.My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested York;the doctor suggested that he _ there.that he _ there

21、.A.not went A.not went B.wont go B.wont go C.not go C.not go D.not to go D.not to go4.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven.A.must finish B.would be finished C.be finished D.must be finished5.Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill.A be B was C should be D is6.He insisted he _right.A.w

22、ere B.was C.be D.is 7.He insisted that all of us _ 7.He insisted that all of us _(get)there on time by any means.(get)there on time by any means.8.He insisted that he _(not 8.He insisted that he _(not steal)the dimond,and that he should be steal)the dimond,and that he should be set free.set free.(sh

23、ould)gethadnt stolen考题点击考题点击 His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq.A.leave B.leaving C.left D.to be left3.We are in favor of your 3.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting proposa

24、l that the meeting _._.A.should put off A.should put off B.was put off B.was put off C.be put off C.be put off D.is to put off D.is to put off4.It is high time the child _ to the hospital.A.is sent B.would be sent C.must be sent D.were sent5.If only I _ driving before.A.had learned B.learned C.learn D.would learn 6.I wish I _a bird.A is B were C will be D are7.How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future.A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 8.Id rather you _ me the news.A.not tell B.not to tell C.didnt tell D.hadnt told