考研英语翻译--从句的翻译要点参考模板范本.ppt

1、考研英语翻译-从句的翻译要点从句名词性从句：主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句定语从句状语从句主语从句 1.What，whatever，whoever，whether，when，where，how，why引导的主语从句，一般可按英文顺序翻译 Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做的事情都应该做好。What he told me was only halftruth.他告诉我的只是某些半真半假的东西而已。2.（1）It做形式主语：一般把主语从句放到汉语句子的最前面翻译 It doesnt make much difference

2、whether he attends the meeting or not.他参加不参加会议没有多大区别。（2）it+be+adj.that“的是”It was strange that he didnt come.奇怪的是他没来。真奇怪，他没来。他没来，很奇怪。宾语从句1.that,what,how,when,which,why,whether,if引导的宾语从句，一般可按英文顺序翻译Can you hear what I say?你听得到我讲的话么？I dont know that he swam across the river.我不知道他游过了那条河。2.it 做形式宾语的句子，tha

3、t 引导的宾语从句一般按英文顺序翻译，也可以提到汉语句子的最前面进行翻译；it 有的时候不用翻译。I made it clear to them that they must come before 9 oclock.我向他们讲清楚了，必须9点之前来。（it 没有翻译，英文原文顺序翻译）I regard it as an honor,that I can attend the meeting.能参加这个会，我感到很光荣。（it 没有翻译，从句提前翻译）表语从句一般可按英文顺序直接翻译It seems that it is going to snow.看起来要下雪了。That is why Ja

4、ck is scolded.这就是杰克受到训斥的原因。同位语从句同位语从句的作用，主要是对名词做进一步的解释，说明名词的具体内容。能接同位语从句的名词有：belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,rumor(谣传),conclusion,evidence,suggestion,problem,order(命令),answer,decision,discovery,explanation,information,thought,statement,rule,possibility.There is a possibility that he is a spy.有可能他是一

5、个间谍。The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded.关于他被捕的谣传是没有根据的。We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion of testing truth.我们已经得出这样的结论：实践是检验真理的标准。定语从句前置法：把定语从句放到所修饰的先行词前边Space and oceans are the new world which the scientists are trying to explore.太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。His laughter,

6、which was infectious,broke the silence.他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。定语从句后置法：把定语从句放到所修饰的先行词后边（1）重复先行词I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。（2）省略先行词It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.是他接到那封信，说你叔叔去世了。定语从句融合法：把主句和从句融合成一个简单句，尤其是 there be 句式There

7、 is a man downstairs who wants to see you.楼下有人要见你。In our factory,there are many people who are interested in the new invention.在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明感兴趣。定语从句状译法：某些定语从句兼有状语从句的功能，把定语从句翻译成各种相应的分句，可表示时间的分句，原因的分句，条件的分句，让步的分句，目的的分句，结果的分句，转折的分句A driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others.司机开车时，不许和他人说话

8、。(时间)He showed no wish for conversation with Li Ming,who was now busy.他似乎不愿再和李明讲话，因为李明很忙。（原因）定语从句Men became eager for knowledge,any knowledge,which will help them.人们渴求知识，不管什么知识，只要能帮助他们。（条件）He insisted on buying another house,which he had no use for.尽管他没有这样的需要，但是他坚持要再买一栋房子。（让步）定语从句He wishes to write

9、an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.为了引起公众对这件事情的注意，他想写一篇文章。（目的）She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.她对孩子们很有耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。（转折）定语从句He is trying to improve the performance of piano,which is becoming worse.他试图提高钢琴的技能，结果更糟了。（结果）状语从句时间状语从句While

10、she spoke,the tears were running down.她说话时，泪水直流。Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.There was a dead silence as soon as he uttered these words.他刚说出这些话，大家就寂静下来。Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong.如果发生任何问题，就把电闸关上。状语从句原因状语从句We had to put the meeting off,since so many peopl

11、e were absent.由于很多人没来，所以会议延期。状语从句让步状语从句No matter what I say,he always thinks Im wrong.不管我说什么，他总是认为我错了。目的状语从句We should start early so that we might get there before noon.为了正午以前赶到那里，我们应该早点动身。状语从句条件状语从句If you tell me about it,then I shall be able to decide.假如你把一切都告诉我，那么我就能够做出决定。You can drive tonight if you are ready.你今晚就可以出车，如果你愿意的话。状语从句结果状语从句He made a wrong decision,so that half of his lifetime was wasted.他做了错误的决定，结果浪费了半辈子的时间。She never comes but she borrows.她不借东西不来。She is not so old but that she can read.她并没有老到不能读书的地步。谢 谢！