1、The Presentation09英语（2）沈超Xn09710202American LiteraturehawthorneHawthorneHawthorne and his The Scarlet Letter life experience works(Nathaniel Hawthorne，1804.7.41864.5.19)Life Experience 1804 born/sailor father/died at 4 raised by his mother 1821 funded by relatives/college Longfellow and Franklin Pie
2、rce 1824 graduated/back to hometown began writing/not succeed 1836 worked at the customs(海关)1842 married/led happy life continued to write/popular 1846 back to the customs neighbors：Emerson&Thoreau 1848 lost the job/political opinion the birth of his masterpiece acquainted with Herman Melville 1853
3、President Franklin Pierce appointed as consulate in Liverpool,England 1857 Franklin Pierce abdicated（卸任）moved to Italy 1860 back to America/settled in Concord/writing 1864 passed away during a tour with Franklin PierceWorks Characteristics IdealsRomanticism dealt with inherent natural qualities of h
4、umanityguilt/sin/evilInspired by Puritanism in New England in the 17th centuryHistory,religion,mysticism and the darkness of humanity and societyExposure of moral insincerity and criticism of religious fanaticismHistorical romance loaded with symbolism and deep psychological themes Opposed against T
5、ranscendentalism which neglects original sin and fatalismAdopted romanticism due to puritans caution and consciousnessRealization of atonement/purification of soul through beneficence and confessionAwareness of the misery and misfortune of women Collection of Short Stories：1.Twice-told Tales,1837重讲一遍的故事/故事重述 2.Masses from an Old Manse,1846古宅青苔 Novels：1.The Marble Faun,1860玉石雕像 2.The Blithedale Romance,1852 福谷传奇 3.The House of the Seven Gables,1851 带有七个尖角阁的房子 4.The Scarlet Letter,1850 红字（1926）（1995）（2010）
