最新英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题含答案.doc

1、最新英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题含答案一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1阅读理解 Make way, good people, make way, in the Kings name! cried he. Open a text; and, I promise you, Mistress Prynne shall be set where man, woman, and child, may have a fair sight of her brave clothing, from this time till an hour past noon. A blessing on the mora

2、l Colony of the Massachusetts, where immorality is dragged out into the sunshine! Come along, Madam Hester, and show your scarlet （鲜红色的；罪孽深重的）letter in the market-place! A lane was at once opened through the crowd. Led by the beadle （狱吏），and attended by an irregular procession of serious-looking men

3、 and unkind-looking women, Hester Prynne set forth towards the place appointed for her punishment. A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys, understanding little of the matter in hand, except that it gave them a half-holiday, ran before her progress, turning their heads continually to stare into her

4、face, and at the winking baby in her arms, and at the shameful letter on her breast. It was no great distance, in those days, from the prison-door to the market-place. Measured by the prisoners experience, however, it might be considered to be a rather long journey; for, though her manner was proud,

5、 she perhaps underwent an extreme pain from every footstep of those who thronged to see her, as if her heart had been thrown into the street for them all to step upon. In our nature, however, there is a condition that the sufferer should never know the intensity of what he endures by its present suf

6、fering, but chiefly by the pain that rankles （使痛心）after it. With almost a calm manner, therefore, Hester Prynne passed through this portion of her suffering, and came to a sort of scaffold （刑台），at the western end of the market-place. It stood nearly beneath the eaves of Bostons earliest church, and

7、appeared to be a fixture there.（1）What can we know about the schoolboys? A.They knew a little of the matter.B.They were full of curiosity and eagerness.C.They were happy for having a one-day holiday.D.They like Hester Prynne and her baby very much.（2）What does the underlined word thronged in paragra

8、ph 3 mean? A.Gathered.B.Happened.C.Pretended.D.Regretted.（3）What can we know from paragraph 3? A.The prison was really far from the market-place.B.The scaffold is at the eastern end of the market-place.C.Hester Prynne was thrown into the street for people to step on.D.The sufferer mainly knows the i

9、ntensity of the pain after the suffering.（4）What would probably happen to Hester Prynne according to the text? A.She would be set free.B.She would give a public speech.C.She would put on a performance.D.She would receive serious punishment.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，摘自名著红字，描述了Hester Pryn

10、ne被当做异教徒押赴刑场时的情节片段。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys, ran before her progress, turning their heads continually to .”可知，人们充满了好奇并且急不可待。故选B。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“though her manner was proud, she perhaps underwent an extreme pain from every footstep of those who thronged to see he

11、r, as if her heart had been thrown into the street for them all to step upon.描述了她在众目睽睽之下 的内心感受，每迈出一步都感受到一阵巨痛，似乎她的心给抛在街上，任凭他”人吐唾沫和踩踏。因此可知此时，人群在大街上聚集，故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In our nature, however, there is a condition that the sufferer should never know the intensity of what he endures by its present

12、suffering, but chiefly by the pain that rankles (使痛心)after it.”可知，人们对痛苦的感知往往后知后觉，故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ therefore, Hester Prynne passed through this portion of her suffering, and came to a sort of scaffold （刑台），at the western end of the market-place ”因此，海丝特白兰度过了这一段痛苦，来到市场西端的一个刑台前，可推知选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及

13、细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 If we want to find out what kind of technology people used in the past, we normally have to rely on archaeologists to find ruined buildings and parts of tools or instruments or machines. Archaeologists then try to recons

14、truct, sometimes with the help of computer technology, what these ancient buildings and objects must have looked like, and how they might have been made. Sometimes historians are lucky and find an ancient document with a written description of these ancient buildings and objects. We can understand,

15、then, why Chinese historians were so excited when they found cave paintings which show ancient science. They found these paintings in the world-renowned Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang City, in Northwest Chinas Gansu Province. There are 500 man-made caves and they have survived for at least 1,600 years.

16、Almost all of these caves have paintings on their ceilings or walls and they date from the 4th to 14th centuries. Wang Jinyu is an expert on these cave paintings (also called frescoes) and he says: We discovered frescoes containing scientific and technological content in almost all of the caves whic

17、h have frescoes. What is remarkable about these cave paintings according to the Xinhua News Agency is that they provide evidence of scientific and technological inventions by ancient Chinese in maths, physics, chemistry, astronomy, geography, agronomy, architecture, textiles, traffic and transportat

18、ion, arms and military equipment and medical sciences. Among the discoveries experts have made are cave paintings showing ancient techniques of pottery making and wine production and paintings showing ancient weaving machines and then toothbrushes! The paintings also give some evidence of the lifest

19、yle at the time with, for example, pictures of people boiling milk over 1,000 years ago. Experts believe that there is more evidence to be found, but even now the caves are a wonderful natural museum. If the walls and ceilings of the caves were all put together they would form a tapestry 20 kilomete

20、rs long and 2 meters high! It wont be possible to travel back in time-that only happens in films-but visiting these caves would be the nearest experience you could get to travelling back in time.（1）Why were Chinese historians excited when they found cave paintings showing ancient science? A.Because

21、they had rarely seen cave paintings.B.Because they could make the place a tourist attraction.C.Because they could learn about ancient science through them.D.Because they would be given lots of money for the discovery.（2）The Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang City_. A.have 500 man-made cavesB.have been there

22、 for at most 1,600 yearsC.help us to know little about ancient scienceD.have paintings on their ceilings in every cave（3）Experts had discovered cave paintings showing the ancient techniques of _. A.pottery making and wine productionB.weaving machines and toothbrushesC.boiling milk over 1,000 years a

23、goD.architecture and weaving（4）The article is more likely to be selected from the magazine _. A.Modern CountriesB.Business WorldC.Network WorldD.Popular Science【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家们在中国甘肃的敦煌莫高窟的洞穴中发现了反映古代科学的壁画。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的What is remarkable about these cave paintings ac

24、cording to the Xinhua News Agency is that they provide evidence of scientific and technological inventions by ancient Chinese in maths, physics, chemistry, astronomy, geography, agronomy, architecture, textiles, traffic and transportation, arms and military equipment and medical sciences可知，这些壁画为中国古代

25、在数学、物理、化学、天文，地理、建筑以及农学等领域的科技发明提供了证据，由此可知科学家们对此感到很兴奋的原因是他们可以通过这些壁画了解古代的科学，故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的There are 500 man-made caves and they have survived for at least 1,600 years.可知，敦煌莫高窟有500个人工洞穴，故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Among the discoveries experts have made are cave paintings showing ancient techniques of

26、 pottery making and wine production and paintings可知，科学家发现壁画中展示了古代制陶和酿酒技术，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了科学家们在中国甘肃敦煌莫高窟的洞穴中发现了反映古代科学的壁画，这属于科学范畴，因此文章最有可能出自科学杂志，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 During the period from 1660 through 1800, Great Britain became t

27、he worlds leader. Language itself became submitted to rules during this period. This need to fix the English language is best illustrated (描述) in the making of The Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson. Guides to the English language had been in existence before Johnson began his proj

28、ect in 1746. These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words. When definitions of common words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a horse was defined in an early dictionary as a beast well known. Johnson changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting

29、a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five assistants. Compared to the French Academys dictionary, which took forty workers fifty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnsons dictionary was

30、 completed by very few people very quickly.Balanced on a chair with only three legs, Johnson sat against a wall in a room filled with books. Johnson would read widely from these books, mark passages illustrating the use of a particular word, and give the books to his assistants so that they could co

31、py the passages on slips of paper. These slips were then stuck to eighty large notebooks under the key words that Johnson had selected. Fixing the word by this method, Johnson could record a word，s usage and its definition. How many passages were used? According to Johnsons modern biographer Walter

32、Jackson Bate, the original total number could have been over 240,000. How many words were defined by the lexicographer? Over 40,000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755. Did Johnson fully understand the huge task he was undertaking when he began? As he told his contemporary biographer

33、James Boswell, I knew very well what I was undertaking and very well how to do it and have done it very well.（1）What is the problem of early English dictionaries? A.They only offer simple pictures.B.They list just a few foreign words.C.They simply give some translations.D.They add no more than some

34、big words.（2）What does the underlined word lexicographer in paragraph 4 refer to? A.A publisher.B.A biographer.C.A maker of dictionaries.D.An assistant.（3）What can we infer about Samuel Johnson from the text? A.He standardized English.B.He cared about authority a lot.C.He gained much financial suppo

35、rt.D.He complained of working conditions.（4）What is the purpose of this passage? A.To discuss the problems of dictionaries.B.To encourage people to work on a project.C.To persuade people to buy the new dictionary.D.To introduce how Johnson complete his dictionary.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记

36、叙文，讲述了Johnson编纂词典的故事。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words”可知，早期英语词典的问题是只是增加了一些难词。故选D。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“How many words were defined by the lexicographer?”中的关键词defined及联系前后句，可以猜测出这里lexicographer指的是词典编纂者。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“This need to fix the English

37、 language is best illustrated (描述) in the making of The Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson.”及最后一段中的Samuel Johnson为词典编纂所作的努力可以推断出，Samuel Johnson使得英语标准化。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Samuel Johnson在恶劣的条件下编纂词典的。所以本文主要是告诉读者Johnson编纂词典的故事，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需

38、要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. In university I had a part-time job at a shop that sold doughnuts and coffee. Situated on a block where several buses stopped, it served the people who had a few minut

39、es to wait for their bus. Every afternoon around four oclock, a group of schoolchildren would burst into the shop, and business would come to a stop. Adults would glance in, see the crowd and pass on. But I didnt mind if the children waited for their bus inside. Sometimes I would hand out a bus fare

40、 when a ticket went missing always repaid the next day. On snowy days I would give away some doughnuts. I would lock the door at closing time, and we waited in the warm shop until their bus finally arrived. I enjoyed my young friends, but it never occurred to me that I played an important role in th

41、eir lives until one afternoon when a man came and asked if I was the girl working on weekdays around four oclock. He identified himself as the father of two of my favorites. I want you to know I appreciate what you do for my children. I worry about them taking two buses to get home. It means a lot t

42、hat they can wait here and you keep an eye on them. When they are with the doughnut lady, I know they are safe. I told him it wasnt a big deal, and that I enjoyed the kids. So I was the Doughnut Lady. I not only received a title, but became a landmark. Now I think about all the people who keep an ey

43、e on my own children. They become, well, Doughnut Ladies. Like the men at the skating rink (滑冰场) who let my boys ring home; Or the bus driver who drove my daughter to her stop at the end of the route at night but wouldnt leave until I arrived to pick her up; Or that nice police officer who took pity

44、 on my boys walking home in the rain when I was at work even though the phone rang all the next day with calls from curious neighbors. Was that a police car I saw at your house last night? That wasnt a police car. That was a Doughnut Lady.（1）According to the passage, the author sometimes _. A.called

45、 the childrens parents to pick them upB.provided schoolchildren with warm sheltersC.did business with the childrens helpD.sold bus tickets to the children（2）By saying it wasnt a big deal, (in paragraph 4) the author meant that _. A.she hadnt found it hard to get along with the childrenB.she hadnt ma

46、de a lot of money from the childrenC.she hadnt spent plenty of time with the childrenD.she hadnt done anything very significant（3）According to the author, those who _ are Doughnut Ladies. A.are always ready to help othersB.provide free doughnuts for the poorC.work in the doughnut store for a whileD.are curious about the happenings around（4）The passage suggests that _. A.taking responsibility is a virtueB.devotion co-exists with rewardC.running a business requires skills