最新中考初中英语语法-介词.doc

1、中考初中英语语法-介词介词只能用在一个名词、代词或相当于名词的结构之前，也可以与后面的词一起构成介词短语。介词通常位于名词或代词之前。常见的介词用法：一.on1.表地点“在-上面”There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。2.表时间:表示 “在具体某一天（的上午、下午或晚上）”（具体到“天”）表示“在星期几（的上午、下午或晚上）”on Monday在星期一on Monday morning在星期一的早上onJanuary fifth 在1月5日on the afternoon of May 1 在五月一日的下午二in1.表方位“在-里面”There is a pe

2、n in the pencil-box.铅笔盒里有一支钢笔。2表地点：表示 “在大地方”表示“在范围内”（属于该范围）。I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。Jiangsu lies in the east of China. 江苏在中国的东部。3.表时间：表示 “在较长时间,如年、季节、月等” （不具体到“天”）表示“在-（早上、下午、晚上）”in 2015 在2015年in April 在四月in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上4. 使用某种语言、材料等。They speak to us in English.他们用英语和我们讲话

3、。Please write in ink. 请用钢笔写。三at1.表地点：表示在小地方I am at school today. 我今天在学校。at class/ home/ the library/ the office 在班上/家里/图书馆/公司2.表时间“在钟点、正午”等，“在周末”以及“在岁时”。atsix 在6点钟at noon/night在中午/夜晚at the weekend 在周末atsixteen/at the age of sixteen 在16岁的时候四表方位的介词（短语）1.in表示“在 里面”There is a pen in the pencil-box.铅笔盒里有

4、一支钢笔。2.on表示“在上面”（与物体表面接触）There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。3.over表示“在上面”（位于正上方，与物体表面不接触）There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。4.under表示“在下面”（位于正下方，与物体表面不接触），反义词是overThere is a cat under the bed.床底下有一只猫。5.before在之前Mike sits before me. 迈克坐在我前面。6.behind在-后面There is a broom behind the door.门后有一把扫帚。7

5、.beside在-旁边A football is beside the door. 一个足球在们旁边。8.near在-附近There is a book shop near our school.我们学校附近有一个书店。9.next to紧挨着Shesatdownnexttohimonthesofa.她紧挨着他在沙发上坐下了。10.in front of在-前面A boy is standing in front of the house.一个男孩站在房前。11.in the middle of在-中间Our school isinthemiddleofthecity.我们的学校在城市的中心。

6、12.on the right/ left of在-右边/左边The bookstoreisontheright/ left ofthepostoffice.书店在邮局的右边/左边。五其他常用介词1.for给；为；因为This book is for you.这本书给你。We have some hamburgers for lunch.我们午饭吃汉堡。Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.谢谢你告诉我们去动物园的路。2.to到；对； 向Take your books to the classroom.把书带到教室里。 Happy birthd

7、ay to you. 祝你生日快乐。Give the book to your friend.把书给你的朋友。He is kindtome. 他对我很友好。3.with用（ 表示用工具）；和-一起Please write with a pen.请用钢笔写。He went to Shenzhen with his parents.我和父母一起去了深圳。4. by指用某种交通工具I go to school by bike.我骑自行车去上学。My father goes to work by car.我爸爸开车去上班。5. of-的（表所属关系）His father is a teacher of

8、 our school.他的爸爸是我们学校的一个老师。6. from来自；从-到-（from - to）I am from China. = I come from China.我来自中国。We have class from Monday to Friday.我们从周一到周五上课。7. like像-；长相-The twins are like their father.双胞胎像她们的爸爸。Whats your brother like? 你的哥哥长得怎们样？8. about关于；大约；-怎么样？He toldmany storiesabouthis father.他讲了许多关于爸爸的故事。I

9、ts about 6:00 now.现在大约是六点钟。II like the film. What / How about you?我喜欢这部影片，你呢？9. between在-与-之间（在两者之间）There is a football match between Class One and Class Three. 一班和三班有一场足球赛。10.among在-与-之间（三者或三者以上）Tom is among the tallest boys in our class. 汤姆是我们班最高的男孩之一。练一练用适当的介词填空1.My father begins work _ 8：00 _ th

10、e morning 2.Dothestudentsstay_home_Saturday？3.Mymothercutthecake_aknife4.Welive_anewhousenow.5.Shanghaiis_theeastofChina.6. I usually have lunch _ noon. 7. Its eight oclock. Its time _ class. 8. _ half past six , he usually has dinner. 9. We have lessons _eight oclock _ twelve oclock. 10.I go there

11、_ my friend _ bike. 11.There is a bridge_ the river.12.This is a photo _ my family.13.Tom comes _ England.14.My bed is _ the window.15.He looks_ his father.16.Whats this _ English?17.The pen is_ the pencil-box.18. The bookstoreis_therightofour school.19.There are some pictures _ the wall.20.My telep

12、hone is _the bed and the sofa.答案：1. at; in 2.at; on 3.with 4. in 5.in 6.at 7.for 8.At 9.from; to 10. with; by11. over 12. of 13. from 14. near 15. like 16. in 17. in 18. on 19.on 20.between一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 Good Neighbours Mr. and Mrs. March lived together with their four daughters. Amy was very s

13、hy. Beth loved being at home. Meg looked very pretty. Jo was tall and thin and she was a tomboy. Their home was always busy and full of noise and people. Next to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. They lived in a very large and comfortable house. But it was a house without life. O

14、ne day, Joe saw Laurie standing at an upstairs window in his house and looking down at their garden. Jos sisters were playing in the snow there. They were throwing snowballs and having a lot of fun. But Lauries face was very sad. Poor boy! Jo thought. Hes all alone. He needs some friends. She couldn

15、t stop thinking about him. She wanted to go and see him, but how could she go to the house without an invitation? Then one snowy afternoon, she saw Lauries grandpa go out. This gave her an idea. She took a broom from the kitchen. What are you going to do, Jo? asked her sister Meg. To clear the garde

16、n path. Answered Jo. When Laurie saw Jo from the window, a big smile changed his pale, sad face. Jo laughed and shouted, How are you? Are you ill? Laurie opened the window and said, Im better now, thank you. I had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week. Im sorry, said Jo. Are you bored? Yes, v

17、ery. he replied. Dont your friends come to visit you? No. But I dont want to see anybody. Boys are noisy and they give me a headache. Girls are quiet. I dont know any girls. You know us. Thats true! Can you come and visit me? cried Laurie. Im not quiet, but Id like to come, replied Jo. I must ask Mo

18、ther first. She ran back into her house. A few minutes later, she returned and rang the bell on the door of Lauries house. A servant took her upstairs. Here I am! she said brightly. Mother sends her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange (牛奶冻) for you. That looks delicious, Laurie said. He was

19、very happy to see Jo.Jo looked around. There were lots of books on the shelves. A nice room! she said. I can read to you if you like. No, lets talk, replied Laurie. All right, said Jo, I can talk for hours. My sisters say I never know when to stop. You have three sistersAmy, Beth and Meg. Laurie con

20、tinued. How do you know this? Jo was surprised. You call each others names when you are in the garden. Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother. She has a very kind face. I like looking at her. I havent got a mother. Jo felt sad when she heard this. Why dont you come and visit u

21、s? she said, It isnt good for you to stay in this house all the time. Thank you. Id like to come very much. Said Laurie. We know all our neighbours except you. Jo said, Im glad were friends now. She told him about all the interesting things in her life. She said, Besides(除了之外) plays, I also love boo

22、ks. Laurie loved books too, and offered to show her the library in the house. The library was a wonderful room. Jo loved it. Wow! she said, All those books! Laurie said, A person needs more than books. (Adapted from Little Women)（1）From the first paragraph, we know _. A.Jos family had five membersB.

23、Jo and Laurie were neighboursC.Laurie and his grandpa were busyD.the four sisters had the same hobby（2）Jo wanted to visit Laurie because _. A.she wanted to visit his large houseB.Laurie invited her to play with snowballsC.she felt he was lonely and needed friendsD.Laurie was seriously ill and needed

24、 her care（3）What might be the correct order of what happened in the story? a. Jo saw Laurie standing at an upstairs window in his house. b. Jo and Laurie were having a talk happily at Lauries home.c. Jo wanted to Lauries home after telling her mother.d. Jo couldnt stop thinking about Laurie.A.abcdB.

25、bacdC.bdacD.adcb（4）Which words can best describe Jo and her sisters? A.Kind and friendlyB.Generous but rudeC.Quiet and smartD.Funny but carless（5）What does Laurie mean by saying A person needs more than books.? A.People need to stay in their own houses.B.People should learn much more from the books.

26、C.People need love and friendship besides books.D.People should relax themselves besides reading【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了Jo和她的邻居Laurie的故事，Laurie跟着爷爷生活没有了母亲，又生病了，心情很不越快，一天当Jo看到了他之后心里放不下，就找机会接近了他，了解了情况，然后成为了好朋友。（1）细节理解题，根据 Their home was always busy and full of noise and people. Nex

27、t to them lived old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. 可知Jo跟Laurie是邻居，故答案是B。（2）细节理解题，根据But Lauries face was very sad. Poor boy! Jo thought. Hes all alone. He needs some friends.可知Laurie很孤独需要朋友，故答案是C。（3）细节排序题，根据文章内容可知，先是Jo从窗户里看到了Laurie，之后就放心不下，告知父母之后，最后进行了开心的交谈，因此句子的顺序为：adcb，故答案是D。（4）逻辑推理题，根据 Poo

28、r boy! Jo thought. Hes all alone. He needs some friends. She couldnt stop thinking about him. She wanted to go and see him, 可知Jo心地善良而友好，根据 my sisters gave me this blancmange (牛奶冻) for you. 可知Jo的姐妹也很友好，故答案是A。（5）句意猜测题，根据 A person needs more than books. 可知，人需要的不仅仅是书，根据文章的叙述，他解释了Jo之后他开心了，并成为了朋友，所以除了书之外还

29、需要关爱和友谊，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、细节排序题、逻辑推理题和句意猜测题。细节理解题很简单，一般可直接在文章中找到答案。细节排序题细节理解题的一种变形，按照文章的叙事顺序进行句子排序，逻辑推理题需要根据一体的推理方式，根据已知条件推出可能的结论。句意猜测题首先要理解句子的表面意思，然后结合语境去思考其深层含义。2阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A British man has learned the skills needed to perform Beijing Opera, making the audience (观众) en

30、joy his lively performance of the Monkey King. Ghaffar Pourazar, born in Iran, said he has been a big fan of Bruce Lee since he was a child and is full of interest about China. In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera performed in London by professionals from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Gh

31、affar said he fell in love with the beautiful voices, colorful costumes, excellent shows and so on. So after one year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school. At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic

32、training of the legs and waist. At the time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest obstacle. But he never gave up. Four years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King, a traditional character from the Chinese classic story Journey to the West.

33、 He said he arrived in the workroom an hour earlier than other performers and also bought books and CDs to better understand the character. Ghaffar today is not only good a speaking Beijing dialect (方言) but has also built a fame for Beijing Opera. He once got a top international prize for performing

34、 the Monkey King. To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar often teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries. When he found that the language was difficult to understand, he started to translate Beijing Opera song lyrics. Ghaffar led a group

35、of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United States. He also led a 48-member team to perform in Malaysia. In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows.（1）In the year of 1994, Ghaffar began to _. A.make friends with Bruce LeeB.take an interest in ChinaC.learn Bei

36、jing Opera in BeijingD.act the part of the Monkey King（2）The underlined word obstacle in Paragraph 3 probably means _. A.chanceB.problemC.topicD.dream（3）It can be inferred from the passage that Ghaffar _. A.is successful in performing Beijing OperaB.has written some books about Beijing OperaC.got a

37、prize for translating Journey to the WestD.doesnt need any more members in his team（4）The passage is most probably from the part of _ in a newspaper. A.sportsB.businessC.cultureD.education【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述出生在伊朗的英国人加法尔。他从小就是李小龙的忠实粉丝，对中国充满兴趣，他爱上了美丽的声音、多彩的服装、精彩的演出等等。开始学习京剧的过程。今天

38、的加法尔不仅是一个讲北京话的好地方，而且还因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。为了帮助更多的人欣赏京剧，加法尔经常在美国、英国和其他国家的学校教授传统的艺术形式。当他发现这门语言很难理解时，他开始翻译京剧歌词。 （1）细节理解题。根据after one year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school.一年后，他独自来到中国，在北京的一所学校学习京剧。可知1994年在北京学习京剧，故选C。 （2）词义猜测题。根据At the time, he was mo

39、stly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera.当时，他主要为京剧的对白所困扰。可知对外国人来说对白是最大的问题。A： chance机会； B： problem问题； C： topic题目； D： dream梦想。故选B。 （3）推理判断题。根据Ghaffar today is not only good a speaking Beijing dialect but has also built a fame for Beijing Opera. He once got a top international prize for performin

40、g the Monkey King.今天的加法尔不仅是一个讲北京话的好地方，而且还因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。可以推知他在京剧方面是成功的，故选A。 （4）文章出处题。本文主要介绍加法尔他爱上了美丽的声音、多彩的服装、精彩的演出等等。开始学习京剧的过程并因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。可以推知文章来自于报纸上的中国文化的一部分，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3阅读

41、理解 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If its hard for you to communicate with your parents, dont worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap(消除代

42、沟). Dont argue with your parents. Dont get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably wont consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you cant express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think abou

43、t what you want to say to your parents. If you dont think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise(和解).Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michaels mother didnt agree wi

44、th him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are