新概念2第15课(同名18)课件.ppt

1、Lesson 15.Lesson 15.Good News Good NewsGood newsBad newssecretarysecretaryn.n.秘书；书记；部长；大臣秘书；书记；部长；大臣美国美国国务卿国务卿希拉里希拉里Secretary of StateKofi Atta Annan 潘基文They are general secretaries.general secretary of the CPC Central Committeesecret 秘密 n.keep a secret保守秘密the secret of success成功的秘密an open secret一个公

2、开的秘密secret adj.秘密地，保密的，不公开的a secret marriage一次秘密的婚礼keep a secret for sb 为某人保守秘密keep a secret to sb 对某人保守秘密nvs nervous神经的；紧张不安的神经的；紧张不安的 nerve n.神经神经 Im very nervous about taking this exam.参加这次考试我非常紧张。e.g.:Im always nervous when I have to make a speech.当我要做演讲时我总是很紧张。be nervous of 害怕；对胆怯 e.g.:Some peo

3、ple are nervous of walking in the dark.feel nervous about(at)sth.为某事儿忐忑不安 e.g.：I feel nervous about whether I can be admited to this university.lworried：为以后的事情担心lupset:不安的lirritable 易怒的afford负担得起负担得起 ;承受承受 1)afford sth.买得起，付得起 e.g.:I cant afford the coat.Its too expensive.e.g.:I can only afford five

4、 yuan.2)afford to do sth.担负得起做某事；有经济能力做某事 e.g.:I cant afford to be ill again.我不能再病了。I can afford to buy the book.=I can afford the book 翻译：他买不起这台电脑。通常与通常与can,could 连用连用He cant afford the computer/He cant afford to buy the computer.3.足以；经得起；能受得住，够得上(做某事):The country cant afford another flood.该国经不起再受一

5、次水灾了。4.给予；提供，供给：音乐给我带来乐趣。Music affords me pleasure.Phrase：afford great pleasure to someone /afford someone great pleasure 给某人很大乐趣afford sb.a help(offer)The boy was affording a help to the girl.虚弱的；无力的虚弱的；无力的weak每上完一周（每上完一周（week）课，我都觉得浑身无力（）课，我都觉得浑身无力（weak）weak(弱的)（sick/low/dull）身体声音 视力智力学习能力Weak hea

6、lthWeak/low voice Eg.You are weak and not fit to command an army a weak mind(低能)he is weak in mathematics.Strong（强的）(good/loud/great)He has a strong/healthy bodyGreat mindHawking has a great/strong mind but a weak body.interrupt打断（别人的话等）；打断（别人的话等）；暂停；中断暂停；中断n.interruption interrupt sb interrupt sb 打

7、断某人的话打断某人的话1.1.打断打断(讲话或讲话人讲话或讲话人)打断别人谈话是不礼貌的。打断别人谈话是不礼貌的。It is impolite to interrupt others.It is impolite to interrupt others.2.2.中断中断;遮断遮断;阻碍阻碍 交通被暴雪中断了。交通被暴雪中断了。The traffic was interrupted by snowstorm.The traffic was interrupted by snowstorm.近义词：近义词：disturb vt.打扰，扰乱打扰，扰乱 e.ge.g My cousin always

8、makes a lot of noise and My cousin always makes a lot of noise and disturbs me when Im studying.disturbs me when Im studying.当我在学习的时候，我的表弟总是发出噪音打扰我。当我在学习的时候，我的表弟总是发出噪音打扰我。T:We did not disturb him until he had finished work.disturb sb 打打扰扰某人某人 The _ told me that Mr.Harmsworth _ see me.I felt very _wh

9、en I _ into his office.He did not look up _ his desk when I _.After I had sat down,he said that _ was very bad.He told me that the firm _ not afford to pay _ large salaries._ people had already left.I knew that _ turn had come.I said _ a weak voice:“Mr.Harmsworth.”But he told me not to _ him.Then he

10、 _ and told me I would _ an extra thousand pounds _ year!secretarywouldnervouswentfromenteredbusinesscouldsuchTwentymyininterruptsmiledreceiveaMr.Harmsworth told secretary would me see The that The secretary told me that Mr.Harmsworth would see me.WouldWould在这里不单单指过去将来时，在这里不单单指过去将来时，更表示更表示 想想，要，要T:T

11、:你想加入我们吗？你想加入我们吗？Would you like to join usWould you like to join us？当我走进他办公室时，我感到非常紧张。当我走进他办公室时，我感到非常紧张。I felt very nervous when I went into I felt very nervous when I went into his office.his office.当老师走进教室的时候，学生们正在大当老师走进教室的时候，学生们正在大声说话。声说话。Students were talking loudly when Students were talking lo

12、udly when the teacher went into classroom.the teacher went into classroom.He did not look up from his desk when I entered.look up表示先埋头干什么，之后抬头看。looklook词组大比拼词组大比拼看着看着照料照料 小心小心查阅查阅盼望盼望看上去像看上去像调查调查寻找寻找俯视；轻视俯视；轻视仰望，尊敬仰望，尊敬看穿看穿检查检查look about 四下环顾；查看 look after 照顾，看管look around 东张西望 look at 注视，着眼于look ba

13、ck 回顾 look for 寻找；期待，期望look down on 俯视；轻视 look forward to 盼望，期待look into 窥视；调查；浏览 look like 看起来象look on 旁观；面向 look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防look over 从上面看过去；检查 look up to 仰望，尊敬look through 透过，看去；看穿；浏览 After I had sat down,he said that business was very bad.after引导的时间状语从句。had sat down是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时he said

14、:”business is very bad”直引after he had finished his homework,he went out He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.pay salaries:支付薪水collect salary:领薪水 I knew that my turn had come.My turn has come.（书面语）Its my turn.（口语）so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思，可进行同义改写，so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，

15、修饰名词。1.后接单数可数名词时，词序不同。so的词序为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.such的词序为:such+a（an）+adj.+n.它们可以表达同样的意思，可以进行同义改写。so nice a coat=such a nice coat such an interesting book =so interesting a book 2.后接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用 such，而不能用so.such beautiful flowers such clever children such sweet water 3.复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little

16、修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。so many books so few people so much money so little milk Practice:用so,such 填空 1.He is _a good student that we all like him.2.He is _good a student that we all like him.3.It was _bad weather that he had to stay at home.4.Ive had _many falls that Im black and blue all over.5

17、.The story is _ amusing that everyone is amused.It is _ an amusing story that everyone.It is _ amusing a story that everyone.suchsuchsuchsosososo Lesson 15 Grammar 直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech1.He said that business was very bad.2.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such

18、large salaries.3.He said:“Dont interrupt.”4.He smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”;用自己的话转述别人的话叫“间接引语”;直接引语一般前后要加引号;间接引语不用引号。如:John said,“I like reading very much.”John said that he liked reading very

19、much.He said that He told me 间接引语 在把直接引语改为间接引语时，除了用动词say以外，还可用动词tell，后面可跟人名或代词作间接宾语，然后是以that引导的引语作直接宾语。say+所说内容所说内容tell+sb+所说内容所说内容1.时态变化时态变化1).时态需要变化：时态需要变化：2).时态不需要变化：时态不需要变化：1）如果引述动词是过去时,引语应该作相应的变化.a)一般现在时改为一般过去时：“I never work on Sundays,”she said.=She said that she never worked on Sundays.b)现在进行

20、时改为过去进行时：“It isnt raining,”she told me.=She told me that it wasnt raining.c)一般将来时改为过去将来时：“Ill tell you a very funny story,”she said.=She said that she would tell me a very funny story.d)现在完成时改为过去完成时：“I have just heard the news,”he said.=he said that he had just heard the news.e)一般过去时改为过去完成时：“I broke

21、 the window,”Tom said.=Tom said that he had broken the window.2).时态不需要变化：时态不需要变化：a.直接引语中是：直接引语中是：.客观真理：客观真理：“The earth goes around the sun.”said the teacher.The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.有具体的过去年月日：有具体的过去年月日：Xiao Wang said.“I was born on April 21,1980.”Xiao Wang said he was born on A

22、pril 20,1980.过去完成时：过去完成时：She said,“They had left when I arrived there.”She said they had left when she arrived there.过去进行时：过去进行时：Jack said,“John,where were you going when I met you in the street?”Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.情态动词没有过去时的形式（情态动词没有过去时的形式（ought to,had

23、better,used to)或已经是过去时的形式时或已经是过去时的形式时(could,should,would,might)：Peter said.“You had better come have today.”Peter said I had better go there that day.He said,“I could swim when I was only six.”He said that he could swim when he was only six.一般现在时一般现在时(表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作)：He said,“I get u

24、p at six every morning.”He said he gets up at six every morning.一般现在时一般现在时(真理真理)：He said,“Im a boy,not a girl.”He said that he is a boy,not a girl.b.主句时态主句时态(引号外句子引号外句子)是：是：.一般现在时。如：一般现在时。如：He says,“I have finished my homework.”He says that he has finished his homework.一般将来时。如：一般将来时。如：She will say,“

25、Ill do it tomorrow.”She will say that shell do it the next day.2.人称变化人称变化(一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”)1).“一随主一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：要变成引号外的主语人称。如：.They said,“We will go there by bus.”They said they would go there by bus.She said“My sister w

26、ants to go with me.”She said(that)her sister wanted to go with her.2).“二随宾二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：.She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”She asked me if I was interested in scie

27、nce.He said to Kate.How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then.She said,“Your pronunciation is better than his.”She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.3).“第三人称不用变第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。如：般不需要变化。如：.His moth

28、er said to me,“He cant go to school.”His mother told me that he couldnt go to school.Mr Smith said,Jacks brother is a good worker.Mr Smith said Jacks brother was a good worker.3.指示代词变化指示代词变化1).this-that He said,“I want this.”He said that he wanted that.2).these-those He said,These books are mine.“He

29、 said that those books were his.4.时间状语变化时间状语变化1).now-then He said,“I am very busy now.”He said he was very busy then.2).today-that day Kitty said“Ill call again after supper today.”Kitty said she would call again after supper that day.3).tonight-that night She said,“I will come here again tonight.”S

30、he said she would go there again that night.4).this week(month,etc)-that week(month,etc)“I will take the dictionary home with me this week,”he said.He said that he would take the dictionary home with him that week.5).yesterday-the day before He said,“I bought a bike yesteray.”He said that he had bou

31、ght a bike the day before.6).yestersay morning-the morning before He said,“I arrived yesterday morning.”He said he had arrived the morning before.7).the day before yesterday-two days before He said,“I saw a film the day before yesteray.”He said that he had seen a film two days before.8).last week(mo

32、nth,etc)-the week(month,etc)before She said,“He left for Shanghai last week.”She said that he had left for Shanghai the week before.9).tomorrow-the next(following)day She said,“Ill do it tomorrow.”She said that she would do it the next day.10).tomorrow morning-the next(following)morning She said,“My

33、 sister will be back tomorrow morning.”She said that her sister would be back the next morning.11).the day after tomorrow-in two days time She said to me,“I will visit Shanghai the day after tomorrow.”She told me that she would visit Shanghai in two days time.12).next week(month,etc)-the next(follow

34、ing)week(month,etc)He asked,“Where is she going next week?”He asked her where she was going the next week.13).a/one year(two years)ago-a/one year(two years)before“What happened to her two years ago?”he asked.He asked(her)what had happened to her two years before.5.地点状语变化地点状语变化1).here-there 如：如：He sa

35、id,“Ill come here tonight.”He said he would go there that night.如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的here不必改变：不必改变：6.动词变化动词变化1).bring-take He said,“I will bring the dictionary to you tonight.”He said that he would take the dictionary to me that night.2).come-go Peter said.“You had better come here

36、today.”Peter said I had better go there that day.3).can-could Tom said,“I can swim across this river.”Tom said that he could swim that river.4).may-might Mary said to Jim,“You may go home now.”Mary told Jim that he might go home then.5).must-had to(would have to)如：如：“You must stay in bed for a few d

37、ays,”said the doctor.The doctor told me that I had to stay in bed for a few days.(如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的(come,here,today,this morning,yesterday,tomorrow)等不必改变：等不必改变：Bobs wife said,“Bob,you forgot your wallet this morning.”Bobs wife told Bob that he forgot his wallet this morning.2.直接

38、引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用whether或或if引导。主句中的动词是引导。主句中的动词是said时改为时改为asked，没有间接宾，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。语的，可以加一个间接宾语。Eg.He said,“Are you a student?”Eg.“Are you sorry for what you have done?”the mother asked the boy.He asked me whether I was a student

39、.The mother asked the boy if he was sorry for what he had done.The father asked his son where he was going.2）特殊疑问句。仍用原来的疑问词引导。Eg.“Where are you going?”the father asked his son.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy,“Where do you live?”3.祈使句。句型：tell/ask/order sb(not)to do sth Eg.“Write your names on yo

40、ur papers first,”the teacher said to us.The policeman asked the small boy where he lived.Theteachertoldustowriteournameson ourpapersfirst.1.She said,“I often go to the beach on Sunday.”She said _ _ _ _ to the beach 2.He said to me,“Are you learning dancing?”He _ me _ _ _ learning dancing.3.Mr Zhang

41、said,“Light travels faster than sound.”Mr Zhang said _ light _ faster than sound.4.“Where does Linda come from?”she asked.She asked _ _ _ from.5.Our teacher said to us,“Come to school early.”Our teacher _ us _ _ to school early.that she often wentasked if I wasthat travelswhere Linda cametold to com

42、e6.Does Mr.Brown enjoy living in China?Could you tell us?Could you tell us _ Mr.Brown _ living in China?7.Does the girl need any help?”he asked me.He asked me _ the girl _ some help 8.When does the train leave?I want to know.I want to know _ the train _.9.Did Peter come here yesterday?Li Lei wants t

43、o know.Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.10.How does he get on with his new classmates?Could you tell me?Could you tell me how _ _ on with _ new classmates?if enjoysif neededwhen leavesif camehe gets his1.The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.2.The students want to know

44、 whether they_ dictation today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.are 3.She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may 4.Can you tell me_ you were born,Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that 5.Please tell me _ last year.A.where does your sister work B.where did your sister work C w

45、here your sister works D.where your sister worked 6.He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening.A.what B.if C.that D.how 7.He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose A.tookB.takeC.takesD.will takeACBCDCC1.I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come B.how w

46、ill he come C.whether hell come D.if he comes 2.Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is?A.what B.how C.whether D.where3.Tom asked my friend _.A.where was he from B.that the earth is bigger than the moonC.when did he come back D.not to be so angry 4.Let me tell you _.A.how much is the car B.how m

47、uch does the car costC.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spent on the car 5.Did you know _?A.who he was looking after B.who was he looking for C.who he is looking for D.who he is looking after CDDDA1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom

48、 says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _(return)it yesterday.5.He said that they _TV at nine last night.(watch)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about YaoMing now

49、.(talk)9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)will be goes were playing returned was watching travels are talking were were doing10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book last night?(take)1

50、3.Ling Feng told me he _ to London last year.(go)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves took went risesdid将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?