grammarOK.ppt

1、Unit 1 Friendship1.Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:trust upsetloose calm downcrazy6.set down7.go through8.on purpose9.face to face10.according to2.Answer keys for Ex.2 on page 4:Annes sister,Margot,was very _ that the family had to move.She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place because

2、 she was _ _ whether they would be discovered.She knew she had to _ her parents and _ them this was necessary.At first she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was better to _ this together.upsetcalm downconcerned according toabouttrustcrazygo through3.Answer keys for Ex.3 on page 4

3、:1.If you are concerned about somebody,you want to offer help because you are worried about him/her.2.Was it an accident or did David do it on purpose?3.From the very beginning,Paul made it clear that he would be entirely in control.4.He used to work outdoors even in the middle of winter.5.Nature is

4、 all the animals,plants and other things in the world that are not made by people,and all the events that are not caused by people.6.Just the thought of more food made her feel sick.have to=have got to Assignment:find out all the sentences in warming up and reading that contain have to or have got t

5、o.And then transfer it into the other form.(5 sentences)Its a duty to do something.Grammar:Direct and Indirect Speech(1)1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述陈述句陈述句 She asked me what I was doing.1)He said,“Im going to Beijing.”He said that he was going to Beijing.2)He asked,“Are you a teacher?”He asked me if/whether I wa

6、s a doctor.3)She said,“What are you doing?”2.转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问一般疑问句一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题转述他人的问题特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 He said,“I have been to the Great Wall.”He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.He said,“Ill give you an examination next Monday.”He told us that he would give us an examinatio

7、n the next Monday.解题步骤解题步骤:1.1.陈述句陈述句:“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah一般疑问句一般疑问句 He said,“Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”He asked(me)whether/

8、if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.He said,“You are interested in English,arent you?”He asked whether I was interested in English.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?(They asked him)They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to impr

9、ove the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 He said to me，“Whats your name?”He asked me what my name was.He asked us,“How many car factories have been built in your country?”He asked us how many car factories had been built in

10、 our country.3.特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat?(They asked him)They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.选择疑问句选择疑问句 He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.I asked,“Will you tak

11、e bus or take train?”I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.5.注意地点的变化注意地点的变化1.注意时态的变化注意时态的变化2.注意人称变化。注意人称变化。3.注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4.注意时间的变化注意时间的变化6.注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化 Direct indirect Presentpast Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfectpast perfectThe geogra

12、phy teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变时态不变The geography teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2.如果直接引语所表述

13、的内容在目前和说话时如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said,“We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。时态不变。She says,“Ill never forget the days in the country.”1.1.当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2.2.当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状当

14、直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时语时 3.3.当直接引语中有以当直接引语中有以when,whilewhen,while引导的从引导的从句，表示过去的时间时句，表示过去的时间时 4.4.当引语是谚语、格言时当引语是谚语、格言时5.5.当直接引语中有情态动词当直接引语中有情态动词should,would,could,had better,would rather,might,must,ought to,used to,need时时 从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动

15、词方向性动词 this,that,these those now,then,today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come,go,bring take 直接引语中的助动词直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动

16、词间接引语中的助动词shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldShouldShould（不变）（不变）willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldWouldWould（不变）（不变）maymaymightmightmightmightMightMight（不变）（不变）cancancouldcouldcouldcouldCouldCould（不变）（不变）mustmustMust/had toMust/had toExercises:1.He said,“I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said,“I ha

17、vent heard from him since May.”3.Tom said“I will see you next week.”He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4.“Why were you late again?”The teacher said to me.5.“I dont like swimming,”said Sarah

18、.6.His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7.“Have you been to Paris?”My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didnt like swimming.His friends asked him,“Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.1.Readers can _ quite well withou

19、t knowing the exact meaning of each word.A.get over B.get in C.get along D.get through高考链接高考链接C解析：答案解析：答案C。本题主要考查具体语境中。本题主要考查具体语境中get短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用get along。2.Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today

20、if I _ in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall高考链接高考链接B解析：答案解析：答案B。本题考查了。本题考查了fall in love在虚拟语气在虚拟语气中的应用，从标志性时间状语中的应用，从标志性时间状语at the age of seven看，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气看，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气结构中，若指过去，从句中动词形式用过去

21、完成结构中，若指过去，从句中动词形式用过去完成时，主句中谓语动词形式用时，主句中谓语动词形式用would/should/might/could/have done。3.Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.A.an advice B.advice C.advices D.the advices高考链接高考链接B解析：答案解析：答案B。Advice若作若作“忠告，劝告，忠告，劝告，建议建议”讲，无论什么情况下都不可数，故讲，无论什么情况下都不可数，故A、C、D各项均属错误。各项均属错误。Advice前不能前不能用不定冠词，

22、但可被用不定冠词，但可被some，much，a lot of/lots of，a piece of，a bit of，a word of等修饰。等修饰。4.I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say高考链接高考链接D解析：答案解析：答案D。本题主要考查了。本题主要考查了dare作为情作为情态动词和实义动词的基本用法。作为实义动态动词和实义动词的基本用法。作为实义动词，词，dare有人称、数和时态的变化，故有人称、数和时态的变化，故dare to say与主语与主语he相悖；相悖；dare doing结构本身结构本身错误；错误；dare的否定形式应为的否定形式应为dare not do(情情态动词态动词)或或dont/doesnt/didnt dare(实义实义动词动词)to do。Homework Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.