职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-15.docx

1、职称英语考试卫生类历年真题精选及答案0514-15 1、Almost everyone at the meeting has different views.【单选题】A.SceneryB.sightC.understandingD.opinion正确答案:D答案解析:view在此句中和opinion意思相同，表示“意见、看法、主张”；scenery:风景、景色；sight:视力、视线范围、眼界；understanding:理解、谅解。2、As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of

2、 dishes unwashed in the kitchen.【单选题】A.numberB.stackC.groupD.crowd正确答案:B答案解析:a number of:大量的；a stack of: 一堆，和a pile of意思相同；agroup of: 一组、一群；a crowd of:很多的。3、Other women seemed contented and they even exhibited their bellies with pride.【单选题】A.demonstratedB.uncoveredC.spreadD.showed正确答案:D答案解析:在此句中的exh

3、ibit和show意思相同，给看；demonstrate：证明、演示；uncover:揭开、暴露；spread:摊开、伸开。4、Your younger sister will be eligible to vote next year.【单选题】A.competentB.possibleC.allowedD.enough正确答案:C答案解析:eligible和allowed都表示“被允许的”；competent:有能力的、胜任的；possible:可能的、可能发生的：enough：足够的、充足的。5、Lower Body Fat Means Better Performance These

4、days, fashion models and pop stars are not the only people who have to watch their waistline. Football players who miss a few kicks and let their belly hanging out a little too much are likely to be attacked by rabid fans or even the president of a country. The latest football star to draw the atten

5、tion of the fat police is Barcelonas Ronaldinho, 26. Last Friday, a Spanish sports daily published two photos of the Brazilian star without his shirt. One was taken in November 2003; the other was taken this month. In the most recent one, the stars waistline seems to have a little extra padding. Ano

6、ther Spanish sports daily published similar before-and-aider photos and argued that the star has lost his explosiveness and velocity and is worn out. The cause, according to the news paper, is his poor physical fitness. However, the players coach, Frank Rijkaard, insists that hes satisfied with Rona

7、ldinhos form and fitness. And after Barcelonas victory over Athletic Bibao on Sunday, Ronaldinho challenged photographers to take pictures of him when he took off his shirt. I dont have anything to hide, he said. Fellow Brazilian ronaldo, 30, of Real Madrid, faced similar criticism before the 2006 W

8、orld Cup. But the criticism didnt come from a bunch of sports reporters: It came from the president of Brazil. So, what is it? Brazils President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva asked the national soccer teams coach in his office last June, according to the Associated Press. Is he ronaldofat or not? He is

9、very strong, president, Carlos Alberto Parreira reportedly said at the time. He is not that boy anymore. His body type has changed. The game of footfall demands that players put as much emphasis on fitness as they can do on dribbling, passing or shooting. During a proper training regimen, football p

10、layers normally follow a load-fatigue-recovery pattern. They push their body toward a higher mark of fitness and experience a slight and brief drop in performance. Then they begin the recovery process, which will ideally carry their performance to an even higher plane. However, sometimes non-physica

11、l factors can influence a players poor fitness. In Ronaldinhos case, for instance, people, often unnamed, have blamed everything from the pressure of contract negotiations to personal problems and too many advertising commitments. The president of Brazil showed no concern about ronaldos figure.【单选题】

12、A.RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B答案解析:句子说的是：巴西总统并不关心ronaldo的身材，这个命题是错的。差不多在文章的中间有这么一个问题：“Is heronaldo fat or not?”（他ronaldo胖还是不胖？）这是巴西总统提的。6、Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor

13、both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons. Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country where gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the _ countries that seems

14、 unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it. In countries like Britain and Canada. The government adopted stricter gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby and the electoral system. The powerful Nation

15、al Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not both; they prefer power. According to the U

16、S Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted for nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many dont want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is

17、one example. In an interview he said. If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to stop all this. In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry, weapons, not fewer. But at the root of Americans clinging to the right to bea

18、r arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of government , commented UKs Guardian newspaper. One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry; a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin itwas every Americans responsibility to have a gun. Each person, he said, should not rely solely on the g

19、overnment for protection. 【单选题】A.fewB.someC.muchD.little正确答案:A答案解析:首先，画线部分需要填一个可以修饰可数名词countries的词，所以可以排除C，D开头的but表示语义的转折，所以应该填few。7、I want to provide my boys with a decent education.【单选题】A.goodB.specialC.privateD.general正确答案:A答案解析:我想给儿子们提供良好教育。本题难度不大，也是送分题。decent指“体面的，相当好的”，和good“好的”是近义词，其他三项都是常用词，

20、和答案意义差异大，干扰性不强。8、Acceptance of Chronic IllnessFor chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest.Hope is an important part of happiness, but theres a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off gett

21、ing on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness, Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.He and his colleagues studied patients whod just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed and they had to have bowe

22、l (肠) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and theyd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.The patients were followed for six mont

23、hs, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play wit

24、h those cards, Ubel said. The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didnt make the best of their current situation. The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why p

25、eople whose spouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.Thats because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.Chronically ill patien

26、ts may be happier _.【单选题】A.if they keep thinking of their pastB.if they believe theyll recoverC.if they put off moving onD.if they manage to get on with their life正确答案:D答案解析:本题有一定难度，关键在吃透原文句意和选项意思。答案依据在文章第一段，第一段谈到，对于慢性病病人来说，放下身体会变好的希望可能会使他们更幸福，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相符，是答案。考生要理解好D项里get on with这个短语，此处指“生活会过得好”

27、。9、Acceptance of Chronic IllnessFor chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest.Hope is an important part of happiness, but theres a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with th

28、eir life, it can get in the way of happiness, Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.He and his colleagues studied patients whod just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed and they had to have bowel (肠) movement

29、s in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and theyd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.The patients were followed for six months, and the re

30、searchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards,

31、 Ubel said. The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didnt make the best of their current situation. The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose sp

32、ouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.Thats because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.The other group was not as happy bec

33、ause _.【单选题】A.they accepted their current situationB.they were anxious to get betterC.they missed their previous lifeD.they refused to play cards正确答案:B答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要吃透原文句意。答案依据比较明显，在文章第五段最后一句谈到，不开心的第一组病人总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，没有很好地适应现在的生活。换句话说，他们很渴望早日恢复。回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。10、Reduce PackagingPressure

34、 increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti - waste campaign. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper. Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.Dozens of people have expressed anger at the exces

35、s of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries, In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. When returned bottles are put in a vending machine 自动售货机, the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Bri

36、tain lags behind in this.There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. _In response to a campaign by Britains The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to vario

37、us initiatives to win the public confidence. tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates 装货箱 for transporting its fresh produce.But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti - waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non - recyclable batteries

38、have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.【单选题】A.If a product is over packaged, dont buy it.B.In

39、 Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.C.This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.D.This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.E.Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱) for transporting its fresh produce.F.The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.正确答案:C答案解析:本题有一定难度。要认真阅读文章，理解好句意，判断出叙述逻辑，可使用排除法和代入法。本题的上句谈到了贸易标准部门的官员反对过度的包装，由此可以推断此处应该进行解释，回来看选项，可以发现C项合适，把C项代入文中，符合上下文逻辑，是答案。