牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 8语法知识点总结（含练习题及答案）.docx

1、牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 8语法知识点总结Comic Strip知识点01 think about 教材P92【用法详解】think about 考虑 We are thinking about buying a new house. 我们正在考虑买一座新房子。【典例讲解】_ shall we have dinner tonight, Mark? Oh, let me_ it. How about Rose Restaurant?A.Which; think ofB.Where; think aboutC.What; think ofD.When; think about【答案】B【解

2、析】句意：马克，我们今晚在哪儿吃饭？哦，让我想想。玫瑰餐厅怎么样？考查特殊疑问句及动词短语。Which哪一个，对事物的选择提问；Where哪里，对地点提问；What什么，对事物提问；When什么时候，对时间提问。由“How about Rose Restaurant?”可知，此处应为询问吃饭的地点，故用Where引导特殊疑问句。think of想起，认为；think about思考，考虑，本句强调思考在哪吃饭，故用短语think about。故选B。【拓展】与think 相关的短语think of 记起、想起、考虑、认为 think up 想出、发明think over 仔细考虑、重新考虑 t

3、hink through 全盘考虑、想透think back 回想，追忆知识点02 think about what to wear 教材P92【用法详解】What to wear 是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，此处做think about 的宾语。常接“疑问词+动词不定式”结构做宾语的动词有：ask, decide, forget, know, learn, remember,show, teach, tell 等。Will you show me how to use this machine? 你能给我展示一下，如何使用这台机器吗？I don t know what to do next

4、. 我不知道接下来要做什么。【典例讲解】I just dont know_ myself.A.to buy what for B.what to buy forC.what to buy to D.to buy what to【答案】B 【解析】句意: 我只是不知道要买给我自己什么。本题考查有疑问词+不定式，buy for为买，据句意，故选B。知识点03 spend 教材P92【用法详解】spend v. 用，花（钱）；花（时间）；度过She spent 100 on a new dress.她花100英镑买了一条新连衣裙。How long did you spend on your home

5、work?你做家庭作业用了多长时间？How do you spend your spare time?你在业余时间干什么？I spend too much time watching television.我看电视花的时间太多。【典例讲解】1. Youve saved a lot of money. How do you plan to _ it?You know, it will _much to buy a house.A.pay; spendB.spend; takeC.cost; payD.take; cost【答案】B【解析】句意：你存了很多钱。你打算怎么花？你知道，买房子要花很多钱

6、。考查动词辨析题。spend，cost，take和pay都可以表示“花费”，但用法不同。spend的主语必须是人，常用于spend time/money on sth.在上花费时间（金钱）结构。cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见于“sth. costs (sb.) 金钱”,意思是某物花了（某人）多少钱。take后面常跟双宾语， 常用“It takes sb.时间/金钱to do sth.”表示做某事花了某人多少时间（金钱）。pay支付，主语当然是人，宾语当然是钱。根据句意结构，故选B。2.How much do you spend _the beautiful jeans

7、 ? They _me 80 yuan.A.buying ;payB.to buy ;takeC.buy ;spendD.buying ;cost【答案】D【解析】买这件漂亮的牛仔裤你花了多少钱？它们花了我80元。Spend+钱+（in）doing sth.；做某事花费某人多少钱；主语是物时，要用cost。所以选D。【拓展】spend cost take pay 区别1、spend表示花费时间，金钱 spend time /money on sth spend time /money (in) doing sthI spent 5 days on reading this book. 我花了五

8、天时间来读这本书。She spent 2 hours in learning this song. 她花了2个小时来学习这首歌。2、cost可以表示花费，也可以表示某物值多少钱或某物的价值sth. cost sb.+金钱数This watch costs me 10,000 dollars. 这块手表花费了我10000美元。3、take表示花费 It takes sb. 时间to do sth.It took me three days to learn how to swim. 学游泳花了我3天时间。4、pay是支付，付钱的意思pay (sb.) money for sthI have to

9、 pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。知识点04 ten more minutes 教材P92【用法详解】ten more minutes 意为：另外10分钟，more 表达“另外的，多余的”之意时，如果与表示数量的修饰词连用时，则more位于这些词之后。 ten more minutes = another 10 minutes I need 2 more men to help. = I need another 2 men to help. 我还需要2个人来帮忙。 【典例讲解】Can I spend _ m

10、inutes playing with my pet?Sorry, you cant. You have to finish your homework first.A.more tenB.ten moreC.other tenD.ten another【答案】B【解析】句意：我能再和宠物玩十分钟吗？抱歉，不行。你得先完成你的家庭作业。考查数词。基数词后加more表示“再几个”，可与another+基数词进行互换，故选B。知识点05 in bed 教材P92【用法详解】in bed 表示“卧床休息，睡觉”， in the bed 指“在床上”，不一定在睡觉。Dont eat in bed. 不

11、要卧床吃饭。She puts her coat in the bed. 她把外套放在了床上。【典例讲解】你还得卧床休息三天。You must stay _ for another 3days. 【答案】in bed 【解析】卧床休息应该用stay in bed 表达，所以答案为：in bed。【拓展】类似用法的词组还有：in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里At school 在上学 at the school 在学校里知识点06 lend 教材P93【用法详解】lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 借出，借给某人某物borrow sth

12、 from sb 从某人处借入某物 keep sth for +一段时间：表示借某物一段时间 Mary lends a book to Tom. Mary 借给Tom 一本书。= Tom borrows a book from Mary. Tom 从Mary 那里借了一本书。You can keep the book for a month. 你可以借这本书一个月。【典例讲解】1.Can I _ your volleyball?Sure. But you mustnt _ it to others.A.lend; borrowB.borrow; lendC.lend; lendD.borrow

13、; borrow【答案】B【解析】句意：我能借你的排球吗？当然。但你不能借给别人。考查动词辨析。lend借出、借给；borrow借进。根据语境，空一表示“借进”，应用borrow；空二表示“借出”应用lend。故选B。2.Can I _ a book from you?Certainly. But you mustnt _ it to others. And please remember you can only _ it for a week.A.borrow; lend; borrowB.lend; borrow; keepC.lend; lend; keepD.borrow; lend

14、; keep【答案】D【解析】句意：我能向你借本书吗？当然可以。但是你不能把它借给别人。请记住你只能借一个星期。考查动词辨析。borrow借来；lend借出；keep保管。第一处borrow sth from sb向某人借某物，第二处lend sth to sb把某物借给某人；第三处根据“for a week”可知，强调延续，用延续性动词keep表示保管。故选D。Reading知识点01 comfortable 教材P94【用法详解】comfortable adj. 使人舒服的；舒适的；愉快放松的；舒服的；安逸的 Its such a comfortable bed.这床真舒服。These n

15、ew shoes are not very comfortable.这双新鞋穿起来不太舒服。She shifted into a more comfortable position on the chair.她换了一个更舒适的姿势坐在椅子上。The patient is comfortableafter his operation.病人手术后感觉良好。反义词：uncomfortable I couldnt sleep because the bed was so uncomfortable.这床太不舒服了，我睡不着觉。I was sitting in an extremely uncomfor

16、table position.我坐着的姿势难受极了。She still finds it uncomfortable to stand without support.她不扶东西站着仍觉得不舒服。【典例讲解】What she said made me_(感到不舒服的).【答案】uncomfortable【解析】句意：他说的话使我感到不舒服。make此处表示“使、让”。一般用于“make + 宾语 + 宾补”这种结构，常用的句型是：make + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态。comfortable为形容词“感到舒服的”，其前可加否定前缀un表示反义。知识点0

17、2 popular 教材P94【用法详解】popular adj. 受喜爱的；受欢迎的；当红的 be popular for 因为.而受欢迎 be popular as 作为.而受欢迎 be popular with 受.欢迎Exercisesofthis kindare verypopular. 这种体育活动非常流行。Thisisone ofourmostpopulardesigns. 这是我们最受欢迎的设计之一。Whoisthe leastpopularmanaround here? 谁是这里最不受欢迎的人？Its always surprisedmehowpopularheis. 他怎么

18、那么受欢迎，我百思不得其解。【典例讲解】The film Coco is _/ppjl(r)/. A lot of parents take their children to see it.【答案】popular【解析】句意：寻梦环游记这部电影很受欢迎，很多家长带着孩子去看。根据句意A lot of parents take their children to see it 和所给音标可知，这里考查popular，意为“受欢迎的，流行的”，是一个形容词，在句中作表语。知识点03 among 教材P94【用法详解】among prep. 在中；周围是，表示三者或三者以上之中a house am

19、ong the trees树林中的一座房子I found the letter among his papers.我在他的文件中找到这封信。Its OK, youre among friends now.好了，现在你的周围都是朋友【典例讲解】Our English teacher likes sitting a_ us to chat with us.【答案】among【解析】句意：我们的英语老师喜欢坐在我们中间和我们聊天。结合句意、语境和首字母提示可知填among。知识点04 look cool 教材P94【用法详解】cool adj. （表示满意或赞同）妙极的，酷的Can you come

20、 at 10.30 tomorrow? Thats cool.“你明天 10:30 能来吗？”“没问题。”He is very cool in black. 他穿黑色衣服很酷。cool adj. 凉的；凉爽的；凉快的a cool breeze 凉爽的微风Lets sit in the shade and keep cool.咱们坐在阴凉处乘凉吧。Store lemons in a cool dry place.把柠檬贮存在干燥凉【典例讲解】她哥哥戴上眼镜看上去很酷。Her brother _ _ with glasses.【答案】looks cool 【解析】看上去酷look cool，主语是

21、her brother第三人称，谓语动词用单数looks，故答案为：looks cool。知识点05 both 教材P94【用法详解】Both做限定词，修饰可数名词复数，名词前可以有定冠词、指示代词或名词所有格。both of the boys=both boys =both the boys（两个男孩都.）both 做代词时： both of us=we both（我们都.）We both have black hair.”=Both of us have black hair.We are both outgoing.”=Both of us are outgoing.当both做副词的时

22、候，放在Be动词，助动词，情态动词之后，行为动词之前We both like English. 我们都喜欢英语。 We can both sing. 我们都会唱歌。另外，both 也构成短语both.and.（两者都.）Both Tom and Tina like English. Tom和Tina都喜欢英语这里的“like”必须用复数形式both.and.的反义短语是neither.nor.（既不.也不）Neither my parents nor I am going to Beijing. 我的父母和我都不去北京。【典例讲解】Which of the two magazines will

23、 you take? Ill take _ though I find _ of them are very useful to me.A.all; bothB.either; eitherC.either; eitherD.either; both【答案】D【解析】句意：这两本杂志你要买哪一本？ 我要其中的一本，尽管我发现他们两个对我都很有用。考查代词辨析。根据前句“two magazines”可知，排除A，因为all是指三者或三者以上，所以第一个空是either两者中的任意一个，即“两本杂志中的任意一本”；又由though判断，后句是肯定的含义，谓语是复数are，而both表示两个都，表肯

24、定。故选D。知识点06 thats all for . 教材P94【用法详解】Thats all for . 意思为“.就这些了”；.到此结束”，多用来表示自己的话说完了或某事到此结束。Thats all for our meeting today. Goodbye! 今天的会议到此结束，再见。【典例讲解】今天的时装表演到此结束。_ _ _ todays fashion show.【答案】Thats all for 知识点07 be made of 教材P94【用法详解】be made of 和 be made from 意思都是：由做成的，唯一的区别是：be made of是做成后能看见原材

25、料，后者be made from是做成后看不见原材料。The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木材做成。These cakes are made from sugar, butter and water. 蛋糕由糖、黄油和水做成。【典例讲解】The wine tastes very good. What is it made _? Grapes, and it is made _ France.A.from, ofB.from, inC.of, ofD.of, in【答案】B【解析】句意：这酒味道很好。它是由什么制成的？葡萄，而且它是在法国制造的。考查动词短语。be made

26、 from由制成，看不出原材料；be made of由制成，看得出原材料；be made in在被制造，后接地点。酒的原材料是葡萄，看不出原材料，故用短语be made from；酒是在法国制造的，故用短语be made in。故选B。【拓展】易混短语辨析be made in ：后面需要加一个地区或者国家，表示在地方制造；在生产或制造。Notallthepartsofthecarwillbemadeinthefactory. 并不是所有的汽车部件都是在本厂制造的。be made up of：由.组成。This football team is made up of four boys and

27、a girl.这个足球队是由四个男生和一个女生组成的。）be made by： 由.制成This bookcase was made by my father. 这书柜是我爸爸制作的。be made for：为了.制作The pink bookcase is made for my daughter. 这粉色的书柜是为我女儿制作的。Grammar 知识点01 现在进行时 教材P97【用法详解】1. 含义：用于表示现在正在进行的动作或在现阶段持续发生的动作或存在的状态。2. 谓语部分结构：am/is/are+动词的现在分词形式3. 用法：（1） 表示正在进行的动作。如： My father is

28、 cooking the dinner at the moment. （2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。如： The students are working on the farm these days. （3）用现在进行时表示将来。常用这种结构的动词有：go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。We are leaving for Shanghai.The bus is coming soon.4. 标志语：当时间状语为now, at the moment, these days 等或当句子中含有look,listen,can you

29、 see,cant you see之类的暗示词时，要用现在进行时。如：Listen! Lily is singing in the classroom. Cant you see they are doing their homework?5. 一般不能用于现在进行时的动词表示感觉的动词，如see,hear等表示喜欢或厌恶的动词，如like,love,hate等；表示希望的动词，如want,would like等表示状态的动词，如be, live, keep等表示归属的动词，如have(拥有), belong to等表示思维，知识或理解能力的动词，如know,think（认为）,forget等

30、【典例讲解】1. Tony, where is Li Daming?He _ with his team on the playground at the moment.A.will trainB.trainsC.is trainingD.trained【答案】C 【解析】句意：托尼，李大明在哪里？他现在正和他的队员在操场上训练。考查现在进行时。根据“at the moment”可知，时态是现在进行时，故选C。2.Where is your mother, Tom? She _ the flowers in the garden.A.watersB.is wateringC.wateredD.

31、has watered【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆，你妈妈在哪？她正在花园浇花。、考查时态。根据句意分析可知，要用现在进行时。结构是am/is/are+doing，故选B。3.Where is my mom? I cant find her. Oh, she _ dinner for us in the kitchen.A.makesB.madeC.is makingD.was making【答案】C 【解析】句意：我妈妈在哪里？我找不到她。她正在厨房给我们做晚饭。考查现在进行时。根据“Where is my mom?”可知，此处询问妈妈在哪里，表示正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，故选C。知识

32、点02 write a letter to 教材P97【用法详解】write a letter to sb = write to sb 写信给某人 Simon often writes to his grandpa. 西蒙经常给他的爷爷写信。 receive a letter from sb = get a letter from sb = hear from sb 收到某人的来信 I received a letter from my e-friend last month. 我上个月收到一封网友的来信。【典例讲解】Mom, where is Dad? I need his help. H

33、_ an email to his friend in his study.A.writes toB.wrote toC.is writing to D.will write to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：妈妈，爸爸在哪里？我需要他的帮助。他正在书房给朋友发邮件。考查动词时态。根据“where is Dad”可知，爸爸此时正在发邮件，用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，故选C。知识点03 wait for 教材P97【用法详解】wait for sb/ sth 等待某人，某物Mary, someone is waiting for you downstairs. Mary, 楼下有人等你。can

34、t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事I cant wait to try the delicious food. 我迫不及待地想要尝试美味的食物了。【典例讲解】 Helen, how was your English competition on Monday? I have no idea, I _ for the result. I was told it would come out in two days.A.was waitingB.waitedC.will waitD.am waiting【答案】D 【解析】句意：海伦，你在星期一的英语比赛怎么样？我不知道，我正在等结

35、果。我被告知将它将在两天后出来。考查时态。根据“I have no idea”可知，此处表示我现在不知道，现在正在等结果，因此用现在进行时，故选D。知识点04 look for 教材P97【用法详解】look for：寻找，强调动作 find：寻找，强调结果。He looked for the key everywhere, but he didnt find it.他到处找钥匙，但是没找到。 【典例讲解】Anita is _ her pen everywhere.A.looking forB.findingC.finding outD.looking out【答案】A 【解析】句意：Anit

36、a正到处找她的笔。考查现在进行时和短语辨析。looking for寻找（强调寻找的过程）；finding找到；finding out搞清楚；looking out小心。根据“is”及结合选项可知，此句是现在进行时；结合句意提示，正寻找她的笔，强调寻找的过程。故选A。知识点05 lie 教材P98【用法详解】1. lie v. 躺；平躺；平卧 过去式：lay 现在分词：lying tolie on your back/side/front仰侧俯卧The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.猫卧在炉火旁睡得很熟。2. 2.lie v. 位于；坐落在 过去式：

37、lay 现在分词：lying The town lies on the coast.这个小镇位于海滨。3.lie v. 说谎；撒谎；编造谎言 过去式：lied 现在分词：lying You could see from his face that he was lying.从他的表情上你可以看出他在说假话。Dont lie to me!别对我撒谎！She lies about her age.她谎报自己的年龄。【典例讲解】He was tired. He should _ down on the bed and have a good rest. A. lie B. to lie C. sit

38、 D. to sit 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他很累，他应该躺在床上，好好休息一下。should 后要跟动词原形lie，故答案为A.Integrated Skills -Task 知识点01 go for 教材P99【用法详解】go for sth ： 去从事某项活动或运动，去参加 go for a walk 去散步 go for a picnic 去野餐 【典例讲解】这位女士很享受与她的父母一起散步。The woman enjoys _ _ _ _ with her parents.【答案】going for a walk 【解析】go for a walk ：去散步，enjoy后常接do

39、ing，故答案为going for a walk.知识点02 be fit for 教材P100【用法详解】fit adj. 适合的，合适的 be fit for 适合 be fit to do sth 适合做某事Top athletes have to be very fit.顶级运动员体格必须十分健壮。Hes had a bad cold and isnt fit enough for work yet.他得了重感冒，还不能上班。fit v. 适合，合身 fit well 很合适I tried the dress on but it didnt fit.我试穿了那连衣裙，但不合身。That

40、 jacket fits well.那件短上衣很fit adj. 健康的 keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康We need to exercise to keep fit. 我们需要锻炼保持健康。She tries tokeep fitby jogging every day.她每天慢跑以保持健康。【典例讲解】这些运动鞋真的不错，适合跑步。The trainers are really good and they are _ _ running.【答案】fit for 【解析】are是系动词，后加形容词作表语，fit是形容词，意为“合适的”，be fit for意为“适合

41、”，故填fit；for。知识点03 what do you think of 教材P100【用法详解】What do you think of = How do you like ? 你认为.怎么样？What do you think of the fashion show? = How do you like the fashion show? 你认为时装表演怎么样？【典例讲解】 What do you _ the yellow car? Its very cute.A. like B. think C. think of D. like to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你认为这个黄色的小汽

42、车怎么样？它很可爱。What do you think of .你认为.怎么样？故答案为C。知识点04 design 教材P103【用法详解】design v. 设计；制图；构思to design a car/a dress/an office设计汽车连衣裙办公室a badly designed kitchen设计很糟糕的厨房They asked me to design a poster.他们请我设计一张海报。design n. 设计；制图；构思Shes good atartanddesign. 她擅长美术和设计。Helooked atthedesignwiththeeyeofan engi

43、neer. 他以工程师的眼光审视这个设计。【典例讲解】Jim thinks it is fun_ (design) clothes.【答案】to design【解析】句意：吉姆认为设计衣服是有趣的。be fun to do sth.表示做某事是有趣的；根据句意，故填to design。知识点05 include 教材P103【用法详解】include v. 包括；包含 including prep. 包括，包含The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.这次游览包括参观科学博物馆。Does the price include tax?这个价钱是否包括税款？Your duties include typing letters and answering the telephone. 你的职责是打信件和接电话。【典例讲解】Jimmy bought a lot of books yesterday, _ an English novel.A.includeB.including