高中英语定语从句修改版（郑文海）.ppt

1、眉山市彭山区第一中学 郑文海 Welcome to My Class! The Attributive Clause Look at the picture and make sentences 1. The two students are friends. 2. The two students are standing. 3. The two students who are standing are friends. 主语主语(subject) 谓语谓语(verb) 主语主语 谓语谓语 主语主语 谓语 谓语 ( ) The attributive clause(定语从句定语从句) Th

2、e two students who are standing are friends. who are standing 先行词先行词 who 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句: 修饰名词或代词的句子。修饰名词或代词的句子。 The boy running on the playground is Peter. The boy who is running on the playground is Peter. 先行词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 关系词关系词：引导定语从句的词：引导定语从句的词 Judge if the following sentenc

3、es are attributive clauses What the boy wants to do is to run on the playground. NO Yes NO The strucure of an attributive clause 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 从句从句 已经作定语从句中的成分已经作定语从句中的成分 名词或代词名词或代词 关系代词和关系副词关系代词和关系副词 缺少主语缺少主语/宾语宾语/状语状语/定语，定语， 但必须有谓语。但必须有谓语。 ? The girl is behind the tree is Mary. the girl who/th

4、at 引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词 只指代人只指代人 只指代事物只指代事物 人、物皆可人、物皆可 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who，whom which that, whose, as where when why 关关 系系 代代 词词 关关 系系 副副 词词 作定语作定语 从句中从句中 的的主语、主语、 宾语、宾语、 定语等定语等 作定语从句中的作定语从句中的状语状语 How many attributive clauses in the video? you know love is all we need We are the world. We are t

5、he children We are the ones who meke a brighter day So lets starting giving Theres a choice were making Were saving our own lives Its true well make a better day just you and me lyric Love is all we need. We are the ones who meke a brighter day. Theres a choice were making that that 1.代替代替先行词先行词; 2.

6、它还在定语从句中它还在定语从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分; 3. 同时同时连接连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来）（把主句和从句连起来） 关系词的实质关系词的实质 Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 注意注意:定语从句中避免成分重复定语从句中避免成分重复;作宾语可省略作宾语可省略 The girl we saw her yesterday is Mary. The girl her we saw yesterday is Mary. her T

7、he girl we saw yesterday is Mary. her who/that/whom/略略 The girl who we saw her yesterday is Mary. 解定语从句三步骤解定语从句三步骤 一找：找出先行词；一找：找出先行词； 二带：把先行词带入定语从句中，组成正确的句子；二带：把先行词带入定语从句中，组成正确的句子； 三选择：考虑各种情况，确定关系词。三选择：考虑各种情况，确定关系词。 1. A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2. He knew the teacher _ we met yesterday. 3. I s

8、aw a woman _ bag was stolen. 4. The day _ I married was June 6, 2004. 5. The hotel _ we stayed wasnt clean. 6. The reason _ Im calling you is to invite you to a party. that /which the teacher whose on which=when in which =where for the reason 组成正确的句子组成正确的句子 which =why 用正确的关系词填空(I) 1. His father work

9、s in a factory _ makes TV sets. 2. His father works in a factory _my grandmather worked. 3. His father works in a factory _my grandmather worked in. 4. His father works in a factory in_my grandmather worked . 5. His father works in a factory _ we visited the other day. 6. His father works in a facto

10、ry _ gate faces south. that/which in whcih=where which which/that/略略 which/that/略略 whose 6. I will never forget the day _ I met you 3 years ago. 7. I will never forget the day on _ I met you 3 years ago. 8. I will never forget the day _ I met you on 3 years ago. 9. I will never forget the day _ I sp

11、ent in your house three years ago. 用正确的关系词填空(II) on which=when which which/that/略略 which/that/略略 2. These students are taking photos. 1. These students are my students. Look at the picture and make sentences 3. These students _ (正在拍照的正在拍照的)are my students. who are taking photos （the students） who/th

12、at The soliders _ are performing are our instructors. who instructor solider The soliders are performing. The soliders are our instructors. The reason she was named as Hua Qiangu is that the flowers faded away at her birth. for which =why The place is the Shanghai exhibition center Huang and Ying he

13、ld a grand wedding. in which=where Make sentences using attributive clauses as many as you can. student The students are singing on the stage. The students come from Class 5. The students who are singing on the stage come from Class 5. I.限定性与非限定性定语从句 III . as 和which的区别: II. that和which的区别: IV. 一些特殊用法

14、 I. 限定性与非限定性定语从句 1. 1. 限定性定语从句是指先行词不可缺少的定语从句。如果没有限定性定语从句是指先行词不可缺少的定语从句。如果没有 它，主句的意思就不完整。主句和从句不用逗号分开。它，主句的意思就不完整。主句和从句不用逗号分开。 2. 2. 非限定性定语从句可省略，省略后主句的意思仍然完整。非限定性定语从句可省略，省略后主句的意思仍然完整。 主句和从句之间用逗号分开。引导词不能用主句和从句之间用逗号分开。引导词不能用thatthat。 1. The car, _ we bought last month, is very nice. 2. This is the car _

15、 we bought last month. 3. The woman _ we will meet at the airport is an expert. 4. The woman, _ we will meet at the airport, is an expert. 引导词不能用引导词不能用thatthat 判断下列句子限定性或非限定性定语从句，并用关系填空判断下列句子限定性或非限定性定语从句，并用关系填空 which which/that who/whom/that/略略 who/whom 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句

16、 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句 II. as 和which的区别: 1. as 可指代整个主句的内容，引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、可指代整个主句的内容，引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、 之中或之后，常用逗号隔开。常意为“正如之中或之后，常用逗号隔开。常意为“正如”，“像”，“像”，表示”，表示 说话人的观点或态度。说话人的观点或态度。as引导定语从句的习惯用语：引导定语从句的习惯用语：as anybody can see; as often happens; as has been pointed out, as we all know; as is reported; as is o

17、ften the case（就像经常出现的情况）。（就像经常出现的情况）。 2. which也可指代整个主句的内容，引导的定语从句只能放在主句也可指代整个主句的内容，引导的定语从句只能放在主句 之中或之后，不能放于句首。常意为“这一点”，表示对主句进之中或之后，不能放于句首。常意为“这一点”，表示对主句进 行补充说明。行补充说明。 1. He won the game, _ was unexpected. 2. _ we all know, Mark is a determined man. 3. Peter will go abroad for further edcation, _ ast

18、onishes us. 用用as 或或which填空填空 which As which III. 只用that不用which的情况： 1. 先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词all, anything, nothing, everything等，以及被不定代词等，以及被不定代词 修饰时。修饰时。 2. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 3. 先行词被先行词被the very, the only等修饰时。等修饰时。 4. 主语中有主语中有who, which等疑问代词时。等疑问代词时。 5. 先行词既有人也有物

19、时。先行词既有人也有物时。 用正确的关系词填空用正确的关系词填空 1. All _ we did greatly surprised them. 2. Mary is the most beautiful girl _ I have ever know. 3. This is the very book _ I want to buy. 4. Who is the man _ is playing football over there? 5. Can you remember the teacher and our school _ we have visited? that that th

20、at that that IV. 只用which或who(m)不用that的情况： 1. 非限制性定语从句中，指物用非限制性定语从句中，指物用which,指人用指人用who / whom。如：。如： 2. “介词“介词 + 关系代词”中，指物用关系代词”中，指物用which, 指人用指人用whom。如：。如： 3.（指人）先行词为（指人）先行词为anyone, those, one, he时多用时多用who。如：。如： 用正确的关系词填空用正确的关系词填空 1. This book, _ I have read three times, is very moving. 2. His mothe

21、r, _ he loved deeply, died yesterday. 3. The reason for _ he refused the invitation is not clear. 4. Do you know the teacher to _ I spoke just now? 5.We should learn from those _ are ready to help others. whom/who which which whom who 4. I still remember the years when we studied together then. 2. T

22、he tree, that I planted at 5, still stands by the river. 练习（1）改错 3. This is the very person, that I talked with just now. 1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. which who/whom 练习（练习（2）用正确的关系词填空用正确的关系词填空 1. Some of the roads were damaged, _ made their journey more difficult. 2. Yesterday s

23、he sold her house, _ she bought a month ago. 3. Miss Jean, _ native language was German, could read and write several foreign languages. 4. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, _ is always busy at the weekend. 5. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. 6. I can

24、never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. 7. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. which which whose which when when which/that where 练习题练习题3（翻译）（翻译） 1. This is the book _ (我想借的). 2. Do you know the girl _ (她妈妈 是位老师)？ 3. They visited

25、 the house _ (鲁迅工作过 的). 4. Uncle Wang is a man _ (你可以 依靠的). 5. My father, _ (他是个医生)，can speak English well. that / which I want to borrow whose mother is a teacher where Lu Xun worked who/ that you can depend on who is a doctor 1. God helps those who help themselves. 2. He who laughs last laughs bes

26、t. 3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 先行词是人！ 带定语从句的谚语： who help themselves who laughs last who doesnt reach the Great Wall 自助者天助之。 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 不到长城非好汉。 找出下列句中的定语从句并翻译 1. Alls well that ends well. 2. Not all that glitters is gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 结果好就一切都好。 先行词是事物！ that ends well tha

27、t glitters 找出下列句中的定语从句并翻译 猜猜看猜猜看,下面的句子明白了吗下面的句子明白了吗? 1.不懂装懂，一事无成不懂装懂，一事无成. 2.甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼. 3.万事开头难万事开头难 4.千里之行，始于足下。千里之行，始于足下。 5.自满的人腹中空自满的人腹中空. 6.闪光的未必都是金子闪光的未必都是金子 He, who knows nothing but pretends to know everything, is indeed a good for nothing. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. Its the first step that costs. He who would climb that ladder must begin at the bottom. He who is full of himself is very empty. Not all that glitters is gold. THANK YOU!