人教新课标高一英语必修4课件：Unit 3 A taste of English humour 4-Grammar.ppt

1、Discovering useful structures Read the sentences from the text and pay attention to the underlined parts. 1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing 2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became 3. The acting is so convincing that it makes yo

2、u believe that it is one of the 4. - his subtle acting made everything entertaining. object complement attribute predicative subject 一、动词一、动词-ing形式作表语形式作表语 动名词作表语说明主语的内容动名词作表语说明主语的内容，而且可以转而且可以转 换到句首作主语；现在分词作表语表示主语的换到句首作主语；现在分词作表语表示主语的 特征特征、性质和状态性质和状态，相当于形容词相当于形容词。 Our greatest happiness is serving t

3、he people.（动名词动名词） Our task is building socialism. （动名词动名词） The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现现 在分词在分词） His words are encouraging. （现在分词现在分词） 二二、动词动词-ing形式作定语形式作定语 动词动词- -inging作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不 表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所 修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在 分词

4、相当于所修饰名词的谓语。分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。 We must improve our working method. （动名词动名词） They set up an operating table in a small temple. （动名词动名词） China is a developing country. （现在分词）（现在分词） The student making the experiment is our monitor. （现在分词）（现在分词） 提示：提示： 1.1.动名词短语不能作定语动名词短语不能作定语，单个的动名词可单个的动名词可 以用作定语以用作定语，但仅作前

5、置定语但仅作前置定语。 working method = method for working 2 2. . 单个分词和分词短语都可作定语单个分词和分词短语都可作定语，单个分单个分 词一般作前置定语词一般作前置定语，分词短语则作后置定分词短语则作后置定 语语，相当于一个定语从句相当于一个定语从句。 the man visiting Japan = the man who is visiting Japan （2014北京卷）北京卷）25. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV. A

6、. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching 【高考衔接高考衔接】 D 【答案答案】D 【解析解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分 词短语做定语的用法，因为动词词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面与前面 的名词的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关构成逻辑上的主动关 系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的 watching the opening ceremony live on TV相相 当于定语从句当于定语从句who were watching the

7、opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，同时本句只是一个简单句， 已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有 成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。正确。 （2014大纲卷）大纲卷）23. Toady there are more airplanes _ more people than ever before in the skies. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying B 【答案答案】B 【解析解析】本题查看的

8、是非谓语动词中的分词做本题查看的是非谓语动词中的分词做 定语用法。动词定语用法。动词carry与前面的名词与前面的名词airplanes构构 成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语 carrying more people than ever before在句中做在句中做 定语。相当于短语从句定语。相当于短语从句which carry more people than ever before.句义：现在太空中有更句义：现在太空中有更 多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载更多的乘客的多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载更多的乘客的 飞机。故飞机。故B正确。正确。 Lau

9、ra was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ for her. (2013辽宁辽宁) A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。此题解析：考查非谓语动词。此题there be句句 型的主语型的主语mail后接后置定语，后接后置定语，wait与与 mail间为主动关系，且间为主动关系，且wait这个动作正这个动作正 在进行，故选在进行，故选C，现在分词。，现在分词。 C Recently a surve

10、y _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. (2011江苏江苏) A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析：解析：compare的动作是的动作是survey发出的，发出的， 现在分词短语做后置定语。故现在分词短语做后置定语。故B正确。正确。 B John has really got the job because he showed me the official

11、letter _ it. (offer) 约翰真的已经得到了这份工作，因为他给约翰真的已经得到了这份工作，因为他给 我展示了给他提供这份工作的公函。我展示了给他提供这份工作的公函。 解析：解析：提供某物给某人为“提供某物给某人为“offer sb. sth.”， 故故offer与与the official letter之间存在逻辑上之间存在逻辑上 的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定 语修饰其前的名词。语修饰其前的名词。 答案：答案：offering him offering him 三、动词三、动词- -ing形式作宾补形式作宾补 1.1.动词动词- -i

12、nging形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后 面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作， 强调一个过程或一种状态。强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 2. 当主句转换为被动结构时当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语原来作宾语补足语 的动词的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found

13、very exciting. 3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用等动词之后用-ing形式形式 和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing. 前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调） 动作的全过程。动作的全过程。 能用能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel,

14、 smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。等。 I felt somebody standing behind me. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。等。 Im sorry to have kept you waiting. Leave him sleeping, he works for the whole night. Hearing a scream I rushed downstairs only to see my hos

15、tess _ on the floor. (河北衡河北衡 水中学水中学 2013 届高三第二次模拟考试届高三第二次模拟考试) A. lain unconscious B. lying unconscious C. laid unconsciously D. lying unconsciously 解析：句意：听到叫声我冲到楼下结果解析：句意：听到叫声我冲到楼下结果 see发发 现女主人躺在地板上失去了直觉。现女主人躺在地板上失去了直觉。 sb doing 看见某人某在做某事；看见某人某在做某事；unconscious 形容词，形容词， 作状语表示作状语表示 my hostess 当时所处的状态

16、。故当时所处的状态。故 选选 B 项。项。 B David got well-prepared for the university interview for he couldnt risk the good opportunity _. (江苏省扬州中学江苏省扬州中学 2013 届高三届高三 1 月质量检测月质量检测) A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 解析：解析： 句意：戴维为大学面试做了充分准备，句意：戴维为大学面试做了充分准备， 因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。risk 后用后用 动名词形式，

17、机会是被失去，故用被动语态，动名词形式，机会是被失去，故用被动语态， the good opportunity being lost 是动名词的复是动名词的复 合结构做宾语。故选合结构做宾语。故选 D 项。项。 D 1. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 解析：解析：A。missing是形容词，作是形容词，作boy的定语，的定语， 意思是“失踪的”。意思是“失踪的”。 was

18、last seen playing表表 示被看见时正在玩。示被看见时正在玩。 典型例题典型例题 A 2. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 解析：解析：A。此题考查现在分词与过去分词的。此题考查现在分词与过去分词的 区别。区别。tired, moved, interested, excited等过等过 去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；tiring, moving

19、, interesting, exciting等现在分词叙等现在分词叙 述的是事物或事情给予人的感受述的是事物或事情给予人的感受。 A 3. When we watched the national flag _ in the Olympic Games on TV, we raised a cheer. A. rise B. being risen C. raised D. being raised 解析：解析：D。本题考查分词作补语，。本题考查分词作补语，rise是不及是不及 物动词，先排除物动词，先排除A、B两项，国旗是被人们两项，国旗是被人们 升起的，应该用分词的被动形式。升起的，应该

20、用分词的被动形式。 D 4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 解析：解析：B。cut out的意思是“切下；删除”，的意思是“切下；删除”， cut off意思是“切断；使意思是“切断；使(人、城镇人、城镇)孤立”，孤立”， cut up的意思是“切碎”，的意思是“切碎”，cut through的意的意 思是“穿越”。思是“穿越”。 B 5. We sat there,

21、_ with what we listened to. A. satisfying B. to satisfy C. contented D. content 解析：解析：D。本题考查动词用法。本题考查动词用法。satisfied表示表示 “感到满意的”，把“感到满意的”，把A、B两项排除；两项排除； content既是形容词，又是动词，既是形容词，又是动词，be content with对对满足。满足。 D 6. Why did you go back to the shop? I left my son _ there. A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. w

22、aits 解析：解析：C。本题考查分词作补语，本题考查分词作补语，leave 在这意思是“让在这意思是“让处于处于状态”。状态”。 C 1.She was offered the _(lead) role in the new film. 2. Seeing the sun _(rise) above the surface of the sea, all of us began to take photos. 3. As the stone was too heavy to move, I left it _ (lie) on the ground. 4. Havent you seen t

23、he sign, _ (read) “NO PHOTOS”? Im really sorry I didnt. 5. The comments which he made _ (concern) marketing bothered his boss greatly. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of each given word. leading rising lying reading concerning 1. I cant imagine Billy _ a motorbike. 2. Did you hear the someo

24、ne downstairs _ at the door? 3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very _. 4. You cant stop me _ what I want. Complete the sentences with a word from the box. astonish, depress, play, do, ride, amuse, knock riding knocking amusing doing 5. You may find it _ that he made progress in such a short time. 6. Most people consider it _ that it keeps raining for a whole week. 7. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street. astonishing depressing playing