高考英语语法复习：非谓语动词课件.ppt

1、非谓语动词讲解 Nonfinite Verbs 非谓语动词 动名词 分词 现在分词 过去分词 动词不定式 1.谓语动词： 概述： 2. 非谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 一个句子 当中， 已经存在一个 主句 （谓语动词） ,又没有连词 的情况下 , 还有别的动词出现时 。 非谓语动词使用条件 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 1 The teachers si

2、tting there are from other schools. 表语 2 We saw some teachers sitting there. 宾语补足语 3 We need to be active in class. 宾语 谓语 宾语 主语 定语 连系动词 非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等 . ? 4.To see you is glad. =Its glad to see you. ? 5.I want to see you. ? 6.I want him to see you. ? 7.My hope is to see you. ? 8.H

3、e is the man to see you. ? 9.Im glad to see you. 10.I went to see you. 11.He went so early as to see you （作主语） (作宾语） （作宾补） (作表语） （作定语） （作原因状语） （作目的状语） （作结果状语） ? 12.Swimming is his favourite sport. ? 13.He enjoys swimming. ? 14.I found him swimming in the river. ? 15.His favourite sport is swimming.

4、? 16.He is the man swimming in the river just now. ? 17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool. (作主语） (作宾语） (作宾补） (作表语） (作状语） (作定语） 动词不定式（ The Infinitive） 一 . 动词不定式的基本构成： 由不定式符号 to加动词原形构成。其否定式由 not+不定式构成 肯定式： to do sth 否定式： not to do sth. 被动式： to be done 完成式： to have done 二 . 动词不定式的句法作用法 动词不定式有副词，形容词和

5、名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。 动词不定式 To do that sort of thing is foolish。 I want to see you this evening All you have to do is to finish it quickly. We found a house to live in. She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 (1

6、)作主语 不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe Not to get there in time is your fault. 注： 常用 it做形式主语，将 to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型 1： It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour _ get there by bus. 句型 2： Its + n. + to do Its our duty _ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment _ spend our holiday in the mountains

7、 句型 3： It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth. It is + adj + for sb to do sth It is + adj + of sb to do sth （ 是形容人的品质的 ） （ 是形容事物的性质的 ） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. Its impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. You are very kind to give me some help. you are impolite to speak to the teacher like that.