初中英语中考作文常见语法错误整理（共8种）.doc

1、中考英语作文常见语法错误1.主谓不一致写作时，要注意谓语动词和主语保持一致，同学们容易受汉语思维的影响，不去考虑主语的人称，是单数还是复数。【错误】例1: A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.例2: He go to school by bike every day.【正确】例1: A number of students are going to learn a foreign language.（许多学生打算学一门外语）例2: He goes to school by bike every day.（他每天骑自

2、行车上学）【分析】例1: 句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式例2: He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es2.时态错误写作中经常在时态方面犯错误。英语时态种类繁多，动词的构成形式随着时态的变化而变化。动作或动词的时间由跟在动词后的诸如 “着”、“了”、“过”等副词来表示，对同学们来说，掌握英语的时态不是很容易。【错误】例1: A baby can cry as soon as it was born.例2: I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.【正确】例1: A baby can cr

3、y as soon as it is born.（婴儿一出生就会哭）例2: I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.（如果明天下雨，我就不来了）【分析】例1: 对于常识问题，应该用一般现在时态。例2: 主将从现，即主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时态3.语态错误动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是，被动式要求有助动词be和一个变异的过去分词形式，其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息，诸如中文里的“被”、“使”、“让”等词语。【错误】例1: New bicycles must keep inside.例2: The book has to return at th

4、e end of the week.例3: The food has cooked例4: Knife should take away from babies【正确】例1: New bicycles must be kept inside.（新自行车必须放在里面）例2: The book has to be returned at the end of the week.（这本书得在周末归还）例3: The food has been cooked.（饭菜已经做好了）例4: Knives should be taken away from babies.（刀具必须远离孩童）【分析】上述例句都没

5、有正确运用被动语态4.固定搭配错误多出现在介词短语的搭配和固定词组的搭配上，其中，特殊动词的搭配和用法错误最为常见。【错误】例1: He suggested to go there on his bike.例2: My teacher explained me the text very carefully.例3: My mother made me to choose the one I liked best【正确】例1: He suggested going there on his bike.（他建议骑自行车去那里。）例2: My teacher explained the text t

6、o me very carefully.（我的老师非常仔细地给我讲解课文）例3: My mother made me choose the one I liked best.（我妈妈让我选了一件我最喜欢的）【分析】我们的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响，经常直接翻译，没有牢牢记住动词的特殊用法和固定搭配。比如:suggest doing sth./ explain sth. to sb./ make sb do sth.5.冠词的使用1）冠词的残缺或多余，我们要注意关于含有冠词（不含冠词）的用法以及加冠词与不加冠词的区别，如：in charge of（主动，主语通常是人) 与in the c

7、harge of（被动，主语通常是物） / out of question（毫无疑问）与out of the question（不可能）2）冠词the, a, an（不定冠词和定冠词）之间的相互误用。【错误】例1: The air is the most important thing for our existence.例2: The driver brought the car to stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.例3: When sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.【正确】

8、例1: Air is the most important thing for our existence.（空气是我们生存最重要的东西）例2: The driver brought the car to a stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.（司机把车停了下来。通过这种方式，他避免了一场事故。）例3: When the sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.（太阳落山的时候，他还是没有钓到一条鱼）【分析】例1: air是不可数名词，不需要the.例2: stop在此处的意思是站台，表

9、示某一个站台，需要有a来修饰.例3: 太阳是专有名词，需要有the来修饰.6.代词的使用代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、复合疑问代词、指示代词，要注意代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用，关系代词 which, that, as之间的误用，关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用，以及what与how的误用等。【错误】例1: We do not like he.例2: The population of China is larger than those of Japan.例3: His book is different from me【正确】例1: We d

10、o not like him.（我们不喜欢他）例2: The population of China is larger than that of Japan.（中国的人口比日本的还要多）例3: His book is different from mine.（他的书和我的不同）【分析】只要区分好这些代词之间的区别和意思，其实这些错误很容易被避免7.连词的使用连词主要有两类，即并列连词和从属连词，考查点主要是并列连词（分递进式、转折式、选择式和因果式四种）之间的误用（主要是but与so/and之间的误用），从属连词之间的误用以及并列连词与从属连词之间的误用等。【错误】例1: He had li

11、ttle to eat and a large house to live in.例2: He had no sooner arrived when he fell ill.例3: If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital【正确】例1: He had little to eat but a large house to live in.（他没什么吃的，只有一所大房子住）例2: He had no sooner arrived than he fell ill.（他一到就病倒了）例3: If you go this way, a

12、nd you will soon see the hospital（如果你走这条路，你很快就会看到医院）【分析】例1: 结合句意可知，应该表示转折.例2: no sooner than是固定搭配.例3: 已经有了if引导这个句子，就不再需要and.8.名词的使用名词主要考查单数名词变复数名词，受东西方文化差异的影响，英语中除了不可数名词和单数名词用单数外，可数名词要用复数形式。另外还有一些特殊形式。【错误】例1: What a beautiful weather we are having today!例2: Please give my best regard to your parents.【正确】例1: What beautiful weather we are having today!（今天天气多么好啊）例2: Please give my best regards to your parents.（请代我向你的父母问好）【分析】例1: 句中weather是不可数名词，不需要a.例2: regard是可数的，所以要加上s.3