油田钻机安全课件.ppt

1、5lThis orientation is concerned with SAFETY IN THE OILFIELD,not the mechanical aspects of oilfield work.l This orientation includes:lSAFETY PROGRAM,lINSPECTIONS/AUDITS,lSAFETY MEETINGS,lHAZARD AWARENESS,lHAZARD ABATEMENT,lACCIDENT INVESTIGATION,lACCIDENT REPORTING lPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 6Dis

2、cussions include:Inspection techniquesHazard RecognitionHazard AwarenessHazard AbatementLockout-TagoutHaz-ComGeneral H2S InfoInvestigations 7This orientation is to help acquaint those personnel with oilfield safety rules,regulations and/or procedures,particular to this company.This orientation is NO

3、T certification.8SAFETY.is part of everyday living.It is an important consideration for everyone in everything he/she does,in the home,at work or play,on streets and highways wherever he/she goes.Safe operating practices and procedures are vital in the drilling business because the work is hazardous

4、,involving massive machinery,heavy tools and great physical strength.When accidents do occur,the work can be a serious peril to life and limb.Drilling personnel must know how to work safely on a rig in order to protect themselves,costly rig equipment,and the expensive hole being drilled.9Everyone lo

5、ses from an accident.Injuries result in pain and suffering and may leave a person disabled or handicapped for life.Even minor injuries may cause loss of time from work and lost pay.Insurance benefits are helpful,but compensation payments cannot restore a life,hand,eye or leg.Damaged machinery and eq

6、uipment can usually be repaired but almost always at considerable cost,particularly if down time is taken into account.An expensive well may be lost because of the oversight of the incompetence of one person.Blowouts and fires cause losses of life and equipment and waste precious oil and gas from un

7、derground reservoirs.10More than 90%of all accidents are avoidable,being caused by human error rather than by mechanical failure.It is extremely important that every person on a drilling rig develop a sense of safety in drilling operations.That person must use this sense in combination with the kind

8、 of good judgment it takes to drive a car safely,or to do anything else in a safe manner.11Listing of select vocabulary wordslANSI American National Standards Institute.lApproved Sanctioned,endorsed,accredited,certified,or accepted by a duly constituted and recognized authority or agency.lAuthorized

9、 Person A person approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type of duty or duties or to be at a specific location or locations at the job site.12lCompetent Person One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surround or working conditions which are unsan

10、itary,hazardous,or dangerous to employers and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them,or who can recommend directly to persons in authority that such corrective measures be taken.13lGuarded Covered,shielded,fenced,enclosed,or otherwise protected by means of suitabl

11、e covers,or casings,barrier rails,safety bars,or screens to eliminate the possibility of accidental contact with,or dangerous approach by persons or objects.lHazard Any occupational condition or circumstance which is likely to cause death,injury or illness.14lHazardous Substance one by reason of bei

12、ng explosive,flammable,poisonous,corrosive,oxidizing,irritating,or otherwise harmful,is likely to cause occupational death,injury or illness.lQualifiedone who by possession of a recognize degree certificate,or professional standing,or who by extensive knowledge,training and experience has successful

13、ly demonstrated ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter,the work,or the project.15lShould means recommended.lSuitable that which fits,and has the qualities or qualifications to meet a given purpose,occasion,condition,function or circumstance.lSupervisor person who has bee

14、n given control,direction and/or supervision of work provided by one or more employees.16lVariance an exception to a promulgated standard,rule or regulation granted by the Department of Labor,or appropriate agency.lWell Servicing any action or work other than the original drilling of the well,relate

15、d,but not limited to the completion,re-completion,down hold maintenance,or termination of the well.17Oil Company/Operator Has control of the casing and the mud program being followed drilling the well.Drilling Contractor Head of drilling operation.Determines the overall safety practices/policies and

16、 the manner in which a safety program is carried out by the various supervisors.Drilling Superintendent Represents top management of the drilling contractor.Supervises the operations of several rigs in the area.Tool pusher Directly responsible to the drilling superintendent for carrying out work ass

17、igned to the rig.Supervise all personnel,ensures machinery is in a safe operating condition.Investigates each accident or injury to determine its cause.18Driller Works directly under the tool pusher.Responsible for work of the crew and operation of the rig.The driller sets the pump speed and pressur

18、e,operates the draw works and rotary and manipulates the controls to operate the rotary and drill stem to make hole.Crew Members Must work for safety as a team!Must kne his/her job and stay constantly alert to what is going on.Use PPE.Use proper tools.Learn to foresee and prevent accidents.Use stair

19、s and ladders as intended.19Employee riding the traveling blocks 5(a)(1)2.No geronimo line from monkey board 5(a)(1)3.Floor holes in rig floor/crown walk around-1910.23(a)4.Safety goggles not clean and in good repair-1910.1335.Break Out Tongs wire clips had U-bolt on live end of line.5(a)(1)6.Kelly

20、hose not secured with chains 5(a)(1)7.V-Door opening not guarded-1910.2320OSHA STANDARDSOSHAs general industry standards do not adequately address a number of hazards unique to the industry.Yet,OSHA is issuing citations for hazards under the GENERAL DUTY CLAUSE(Sec 5(a)(1)21HAZARD AWARENESS22UNIQUE

21、HAZARDS TO THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRYCatheadsPoor Machine GuardingRotary TablesHigh Pressure HosesGasesFallsSlippingTripping23And,the interaction of each with the other!Always give careful consideration to:Man.Machine.Environment.24Some elements of a GOOD safety programManagement policyEmployee select

22、ion/placementEmployee orientation/trainingEducational activitiesEmployee meetingsInspectionsAccident reportingSafety responsibilities25HAZARD RECOGNITION26New Mexico based land drilling rig.If you are the derrick man and weather like this is approaching,what do you do?27Cathead=Pinch Point28Hazards

23、are generally grouped into two(2)broad categories:Safety and Injury HazardsHealth and Illnesses Hazards.Always remember to include hazards that involve property1.and Environmental damage.29TONGS SPINNING CHAINCut off fingers,thumbsSmashed fingers,hands etcTEAM WORK!Be a Team,Work TogetherWatch out f

24、or each other30 Texas Workers Compensation Insurance Fund 2019Unsafe Conditions20%Acts of God2%Unsafe Acts78%UNSAFE CONDITIONSUNSAFE ACTSACTS OF GOD31lIdentify unsafe acts and conditionslDetermine the corrective actions lImplement corrective actions Texas Workers Compensation Insurance Fund 201932Ha

25、zard Identification:(examples)Danger of striking against,being struck by,or making contact with an object?Are rotating equipment or other projections exposed Nip points,such as a belt,sheave,chain,gear?Reciprocating movement to be caught on or between?Hand/arm contact with moving parts at the point

26、of operation?33Material kick back or ejection from the point of operation?Machine controls safeguarded?Do machines vibrate,move,or walk while in operation?Parts to become loose or lodged during operation.Guards positioned or adjusted?Bypass guard or lockout device?34Machines/equipment receive regula

27、r maintenance?Machines operations sufficient for safe work?Room for maintenance operations?Materials being handled adequately for work?Are tools,jigs,work fixtures stored not to interfere with work?Work area well illuminated.Ventilation adequate.PPE used?Housekeeping satisfactory?Energy sources cont

28、rolled for maintenance?3536Is there a Hazard?37Is there a Hazard?38How about this?See any problems with this?39Is this a hazard?40How about now?4142What problems do you see with these pictures?43What is really the HAZARD?44Rotary Guard45HAZARD ABATEMENT46At its source.Along its path.(erect a barrica

29、de between the hazard and the worker.)At the worker.(remove the worker from the exposure,such as automated/remote controls,worker rotation,providing PPE when all options have been exhausted.)Monitoring activities(locate new hazards and assess the effectiveness of existing controls.)47Preventative an

30、d Corrective MeasuresThe implementation of Control Measures:1.Administrative (through personnel,management,monitoring,limiting worker exposure,measuring performance,training and education,housekeeping and maintenance,purchasing.)Engineering (isolation of source,lockout procedure,design,process or pr

31、ocedural changes,monitoring and warning equipment,chemical or material substitution.)3.PPE (body protection,fall protection.)48GENERAL“H2S”INFO.(NON-CERTIFIED)49ITS THE LAW!In the State of Texas,all persons working in the oil field where H2S concentrations are known MUST complete a H2S certification

32、 course annually.The objective is to educate employees about the physical&chemical properties,toxicity,concentration levels,personal protective equipment use,detection measures,rescue and first aid.The best way way to reduce the chance of employee exposure to H2S is to provided the best possible tra

33、ining,provide appropriate personal protective equipment,and ensure employs follow the correct work procedures,rules and requirements.50Naturally in natureOil Fields Mines Volcanoes Geothermal ExplorationThrough decay of organic matterFishing industry Tanneries-Manure ProcessingMunicipal sewers-Brewe

34、ry Industry LandfillsChemical ProcessesBy Product Catalyst Felt Making Asphalt Roofing51Hydrogen Sulfide characterized by an odorof rotten eggs.A very small concentrationcan be fatal.When encountered,employees must wearapproved type masks when their work requires them to beexposed to the gas,in any

35、way.52Hydrogen Sulfide is highly toxic,colorless,and heavierthan air.It has the odor of rotten eggs,initially.Most frequently encountered in the production and refining of high sulfurpetroleum and in natural gas.It burns with a blue flame and produces SulfurDioxide.It forms an explosive mixture with

36、 air.The LFL is 4.3%and the UFL is 45.5%.53Its odor is NOT a reliable warning signal becausehigher concentrations of the gas temporarilydestroys the sense of smell.This is the primaryreason for employees not detecting the presenceof H2S and consequently inhaling a lethalamount.The only positive mean

37、s is by testingwith an approved H2S detector.DO NOT RELYSOLELY ON THE SENSE OF SMELL!54General ProceduresAny area where H2S has been reported orencountered,or where the is insufficient oxygen,there should be NO entry until sufficient testshave bee made to determine the extent of thehazard and the ar

38、ea is purged to reduce thehazard to allowable concentrations.55General Procedures-contdToxic atmospheres,the employer should require properrespiratory equipment to be used by a trained employee,required to enter the area.Employees required to enter should be required to wear asafety harness with tai

39、l line for emergency retrieval.Arescue watch,stationed outside of the hazard area withproper rescue equipment is also required to assist in caseof emergency.56General Procedures-contdCanister-type filter masks should not be used.Employees should be required to wear selfcontained respirators(SCBA)in

40、thoseatmospheres where tests indicated oxygen contentis less than necessary to sustain life.57General Procedures-contdAll employees should be trained and periodicallyrefreshed in the use and operation of breathingequipment available on the job.Medical personnel readily available for consulton matter

41、s of occupational health.Emergencynumbers should be conspicuously posted.58General Procedures-contdAt least one employee,if not more,per shifttrained in 1st aid and CPR,and be on-site.Where harmful chemicals are being used,readilyaccessible facilities should be available for rapidflushing of the eye

42、s and/or skin areas.59GENERAL FIRST AID CONSIDERATIONS-Fresh air!(Rescuers must exercise caution!)-If unconscious/not breathing immediately provide rescuebreathing.-Summons a doctor ASAP!-Give oxygen after cleaning oil from the injured employees face.60NEVER FORGET THAT HYDROGENSULFIDE IS A DEADLY G

43、AS.KNOW WHAT CONCENTRATION OF THE GAS IS PRESENT BEFORE DOING ANY WORK IN IT.61EMERGENCY RESCUEIn an emergency,the first thing to remember,is to get to a safe place,then.Call for emergency services2.Put on the proper rescue personal protective equipment3.Locate victims and move to safe fresh air are

44、as.Always move upwind or crosswind to safe areas.4.Administer rescue breathing or CPR if necessary.1.5.Seek medical attention immediately.62LOCKOUT/TAGOUT6364656667lWhile servicing or maintaining cord and plug connected electrical equipment.(The hazards must be controlled by unplugging the equipment

45、 from the energy source;the plug must be under the exclusive control of the employee performing the service and/or maintenance.)68If a servicing activity-such as lubricating,cleaning,or un-jamming theproduction equipment-takes placeduring production,employees performingthe servicing are covered bylo

46、ckout/tagout when any of the followingconditions occurs:6970lThe employee is required to place any part of his or her body into a danger zone associated with a machines operating cycle 7172It is not a physical restraint.Tags mustclearly state:DO NOT OPERATE or thelike,and must be applied by hand.737

47、475767778798081 details about the type and magnitude of the hazardous energy sources present in the workplace.the methods and means necessary to isolate and control those energy sources(that is,the elements of the energy control procedure)82838485868788 89HAZARD COMMUNICATION90Have you prepared a wr

48、itten list of all the hazardouschemicals present in the workplace?Are you prepared to update your hazardous chemical list?Do you have up-to-date MSDS for those materials on yourhazardous chemicals list Is the list of hazardous chemicals cross-referenced orindexed so that identifies on the list refer

49、 to the MSDS andwarning labels?91Have you developed a system to ensure that all incoming hazardous chemicals are received with proper labels and MSDS?Do you have procedures in your workplace to ensure proper labeling or warning signs for building storage orsecondary usage containers that hold hazard

50、ous chemicals?Do you have a complete list of the chemicals hazards and precautions that you can give to outside contractors?Have your employees been informed of the hazards associated with performing non-routine tasks?92On multi-employer work-sites,are all employees with potential exposure to chemic