新牛津译林版九年级下册英语-Unit-1-Grammar-课件.ppt

1、牛津译林版九年级下册课件牛津译林版九年级下册课件牛津译林版九年级下册（新）牛津译林版九年级下册（新）Unit 1 AsiaUnit 2 Great peopleUnit 3 RobotsUnit 4 Life on Mars GrammarLearning aims1.To master the different uses of it.2.To learn more about the Summer Palace.Lets learn some knowledge about the Summer Palace.the Summer Palace(颐和园颐和园)它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以

2、杭州西湖为蓝本，它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为被誉为“皇家园林博物馆皇家园林博物馆”，也是国家重点景点。，也是国家重点景点。颐和园，北京市古代皇颐和园，北京市古代皇家园林，前身为清漪园，家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城坐落在北京西郊，距城区十五公里，占地约二区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷，与圆明园百九十公顷，与圆明园毗邻。毗邻。Main attractions 各种形式的宫殿园林建筑各种形式的宫殿园林

3、建筑30003000余间，大余间，大致可分为致可分为行政、生活、游览行政、生活、游览三个部分。三个部分。颐和园占地面积颐和园占地面积达达293293公顷，主公顷，主要由要由万寿山万寿山和和昆明湖昆明湖两部分组两部分组成。成。仁寿殿仁寿殿以仁寿殿为中心的行政区，是当年慈禧以仁寿殿为中心的行政区，是当年慈禧太后和光绪皇帝坐朝听政，会见外宾的太后和光绪皇帝坐朝听政，会见外宾的地方。地方。行政区行政区乐寿堂乐寿堂生活区生活区仁寿殿后是三座大型四合院：乐寿堂、玉仁寿殿后是三座大型四合院：乐寿堂、玉澜堂和宜芸馆，分别为慈禧、光绪和后妃澜堂和宜芸馆，分别为慈禧、光绪和后妃们居住的地方。们居住的地方。游览区游

4、览区颐和园自万寿山顶的智慧海向下，由佛香颐和园自万寿山顶的智慧海向下，由佛香阁、德辉殿、排云殿、排云门、云辉玉宇阁、德辉殿、排云殿、排云门、云辉玉宇坊，构成了一条层次分明的中轴线。山下坊，构成了一条层次分明的中轴线。山下是一条长是一条长700700多米的多米的“长廊长廊”，长廊枋梁，长廊枋梁上有彩画上有彩画80008000多幅，号称多幅，号称 “世界第一世界第一廊廊”。长廊之前是昆明湖。昆明湖的西堤。长廊之前是昆明湖。昆明湖的西堤是仿照西湖的苏堤建造的。万寿山后山、是仿照西湖的苏堤建造的。万寿山后山、后湖古木成林，有藏式寺庙，苏州河古买后湖古木成林，有藏式寺庙，苏州河古买卖街。后湖东端有仿无锡

5、寄畅园而建的谐卖街。后湖东端有仿无锡寄畅园而建的谐趣园，小巧玲珑，被称为趣园，小巧玲珑，被称为“园中之园园中之园”。佛香阁佛香阁排云殿排云殿文昌阁文昌阁长廊长廊的用法的用法作为非人称代词的用法作为非人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法其他用法其他用法概述概述：it 是代表人以外的动物或物品的是代表人以外的动物或物品的单数名词，通常意为单数名词，通常意为“它它”。除此之外，。除此之外，it 还有很多其他特殊的用法，而其意思还有很多其他特殊的用法，而其意思根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。This is the Summer Palace.It is really beautifu

6、l.这是颐和园，它真美。这是颐和园，它真美。（一）（一）作为人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法概述概述：我们常用：我们常用it作人称代词，代替人、事、物。作人称代词，代替人、事、物。1.it 用来指代动物。用来指代动物。如：如：Look at the monkey.It is so clever.看这只猴子，它真机灵。看这只猴子，它真机灵。注意注意当我们常用当我们常用it指代动物时，如果是宠物，指代动物时，如果是宠物，我们通常可以用我们通常可以用he或者或者she来代替来代替it。如：如：My cat is five years old.He likes sleeping on my bed.我

7、的小猫五岁了，他喜欢在我的床上睡觉。我的小猫五岁了，他喜欢在我的床上睡觉。I have a dog.She is my best friend.我有一条狗，她是我最好的朋友。我有一条狗，她是我最好的朋友。2.it 用来指代不清楚性别的小孩。用来指代不清楚性别的小孩。如：如：My sister will have a baby soon.We guess it will be a boy.我的姐姐马上就要生孩子了。我们猜是一我的姐姐马上就要生孩子了。我们猜是一个小男孩。个小男孩。There is a baby over there.It is so cute.那边有个宝宝，真可爱！那边有个宝宝，

8、真可爱！3.it 用来指代不明身份的人。用来指代不明身份的人。如：如：Who is that over there?Maybe it is your friend Jack.那是谁？也许是你的朋友杰克。那是谁？也许是你的朋友杰克。Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.有人在敲门。请你去看看是谁。有人在敲门。请你去看看是谁。4.it 用来指代前面提到过的事物。用来指代前面提到过的事物。如：如：This is not my book.It is Jims.这不是我的书。它是吉姆的。这不是我的书。它是吉姆的。Many

9、people have been to Guilin.It is a wonderful place.很多人去过桂林。它是个很美的地方。很多人去过桂林。它是个很美的地方。（二）作为非人称代词的用法（二）作为非人称代词的用法it 可以用来指代时间、日期、天气、温度、距离可以用来指代时间、日期、天气、温度、距离等。等。如：如：-Whats the time now?现在是几点？现在是几点？-Its ten oclock.十点。十点。-When is the Teachers Day?教师节是在什么时候？教师节是在什么时候？-Its on 10 September.九月十日。九月十日。-Whats

10、the weather like today?今天天气如何？今天天气如何？-Its nice.是晴天。是晴天。-How far is it from your home to school?从你家到学校有多远？从你家到学校有多远？-Its an one-hour ride.骑车要一小时。骑车要一小时。（三）其他用法（三）其他用法it 还可以用来作为形式主语或形式宾语，指代还可以用来作为形式主语或形式宾语，指代动词不定式或者从句。动词不定式或者从句。如：如：It is so nice to go climbing with him!和他一起爬山真好！和他一起爬山真好！It is good tha

11、t we have many friends!我们有许多朋友真好！我们有许多朋友真好！I find it easy to solve the problem.我发现解决这个问题很容易。我发现解决这个问题很容易。it 作为形式主语常用于下列句型。作为形式主语常用于下列句型。It takes some time to It takes one hour to get there.到那要花一个小时。到那要花一个小时。It is+adj.+(of/for)+toIt is nice of you to help me.你能帮我真好。你能帮我真好。It is said/reported/that It

12、is said that everyone may have a chance to travel to Mars in the year of 2050.据说到据说到2050年每个人都有机会到火星旅游。年每个人都有机会到火星旅游。think(s)/find(s)it easy/difficult/hard/to it 作为形式宾语常用于下列句型。作为形式宾语常用于下列句型。Nobody thinks it easy to figure out this math problem.没人认为解出这道数学题很简单。没人认为解出这道数学题很简单。I find it interesting to le

13、arn something new.我发现学习新东西很有趣。我发现学习新东西很有趣。If an animal is a pet,we usually use he or shefor it.My cat is very friendly.She is a happy cat.Uses of itA using it as a pronounTipTip We use it for animals and lifeless things.Look at the panda.It is so small.Another famous attraction is the Great Wall.It

14、runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China.We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.My aunt will have a baby soon.She hopes it will be a girl.Look at that cute baby over there!Its a boy,isnt it?We use it for an unknown person.-Who was calling you on the

15、 phone just now?-It was my cousin.We use it for an action,a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin,isnt it?Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River.It is great fun.A visit to the Summer Palace The exchange students v

16、isited the Summer Palace yesterday.Kevin is writing about it.Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to.Write your answers in the blanks.Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it.The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake.The l

17、ake is very bigit takes up three quarters of the area.It was frozen,so we could not row a boat there.It was really a pity.1._ 2._3._ 4._the Summer Palacethe lakethe lakewe could not row a boat thereAcross the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.The lions are all

18、different from each other.Isnt it amazing?While I was walking along the bridge,my mobilephone rang.It was my mum.I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.5._ 6._7._ the 17-hole bridgethe lions are all different from each otherunknown personLanguage points1.The lake is very bigit tak

19、es up three quarters of the area.湖很大，占了四分之湖很大，占了四分之 三的面积。三的面积。(1)短语短语take up 的意思是的意思是“占据占据(空间空间),占用占用 (时间时间)”。如：。如：The table takes up too much space.这张桌子太占地方了。这张桌子太占地方了。(2)three quarters 四分之三四分之三Review:分数表达法分数表达法分子（用基数词）分子（用基数词）/分母（用序数词复数表分母（用序数词复数表示；分子示；分子1时用单数形式）时用单数形式）如：如：五分之三五分之三 three fifths 十分

20、之七十分之七 seven tenths 二分之一二分之一 one(a)half (不能用不能用one second)2.Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。(1)第一句为倒装句。当表示地点状语的介词第一句为倒装句。当表示地点状语的介词 短语位于句首时将谓语提到主语前面构成短语位于句首时将谓语提到主语前面构成 完全倒装完全倒装。如：。如：In front of the building

21、is a big park.在这个建筑前面是个大公园。在这个建筑前面是个大公园。(2)on either side of=on each side ofB Using it as an impersonal pronoun We also use it for the time,the date,the weather,the distance,etc.It is 6:30 p.m.It is raining heavily outside.It is 1st January today.It is New Years Day.In Beijing,it is cold and windy i

22、n winter.It is two kilometres from my school to my home.The exchange students left for Shanghai.Kevin has made some notes in his diary.Rewrite his sentences with it.Leaving for Shanghai 1.Today is 22 February.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning._.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in t

23、he morning.2.Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometres from Beijing._from Beijing to Shanghai.It is 22 February todayIt is about 1,300 kilometers3.I woke up at 5 a.m.this morning._ when I woke up this morning.4.I felt a little cold when we went out.The temperature was only 2C.I felt a little cold when we w

24、ent out._.5.Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing.In winter,_.It was 5 a.m.It was only 2Cit is very cold and dry in Beijing6.We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day._when we arrived in Shanghai.7.We got to our hotel at noon._when we got to our hotel.8.Our hotel is not far from the Bund._ from the Bun

25、d to our hotel.It was sunny/a sunny dayIt was noonIt is not farC Using it to replace the real subject or object Sometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence.In this situation,we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause

26、.It is very tiring to climb the steps.It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.Useful structures with itIt is+adjective+(of/for)+to.It takes.some time to.It i

27、s said/reported/.that.think(s)/find(s)it easy/difficult/.to.About Shanghai Miss Thompson,a British teacher traveling with the exchange students,is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai.Help her complete her notes with it.Traffic:The traffic is often busy,but public transport here is quite good

28、,so _(easy)for people to get around.Weather:(2)_(sunny)and warm.We like(3)_ here.Environment:(4)_(said)that the air is not clean here,but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.it is easyIt is sunnyitIt is saidSights:Shanghai is beautiful.(5)_(fun)to ride around the city and visit

29、the interesting places.Food:Chinese food is delicious.I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try(6)_ when I get back.Hotel:We all think(7)_(comfortable)to stay in this hotel.They provide a high level of service.It is funitit(is)comfortablePeople:The local people are friendly.(8)_(kin

30、d)of them to answer all our questions.It is kind1.-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is一、单项选择。一、单项选择。AD3.In fact _ i

31、s a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it4.Mikes mother kept telling him that he should work hard,but _didnt help.A.he B.it C.she D.whichDB5.Since you have repaired my computer,_ is no need for me to buy a new one.A.it B.there C.this D.that6.

32、The official made _ clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.A.it B.this C.that D.himAA7.-Do you like _ here?-Oh,yes,the air,the weather and the way of life.Everything is so nice.A.this B.there C.that D.it 8._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international langua

33、ge.A.There B.This C.That D.It DD二、填空。二、填空。1._(据报道据报道)a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)2._（看来）（看来）nobody knows what has happened.(seem)3._（看起来似乎）（看起来似乎）its going to rain.(look)4._（很可能）（很可能）the thieves dont know how much it is worth.(likely)It is reported thatIt seems tha

34、tIt looks thatIt is likely thatHomework1.Remember all the new words and expressions in this unit.2.Find more exercises about the use of it and finish them.Unit 2 Neighbours Task1.Is there a community centre in your neighbourhood?2.What do your neighbours do?3.Do you think its helpful to have a commu

35、nity centre?4.What kind of help do you want to get from the community centre?A Possible VersionI think a community centre is very helpful.Everything will be better with its help.It provides useful information.The volunteers would like to do anything to help us.Words and expressionnotice n.informatio

36、n n.below prep.better adj.anything pron.worry aboutdesign v.group n.布告，通知布告，通知信息信息下面下面较好的较好的任何事任何事为为担心担心设计，构思设计，构思组，群组，群Dear all,We are going to have a“helping hands”meeting at the community centre on the afternoon of 5 March.Do you have any problems?Please look at the information below.It may help

37、you!City Garden Community CentreHelping each otherA Simon is looking at the noticeboard of the community centre.Read the notices.NoticesAre you not feeling well these days?Do not worry.There are good doctors and nurses here.They will make you feel better!Health CentreIs your washing machine not work

38、ing?Is there anything wrong with your fridge?Our engineers are here to help with your problems!Fix-It ClubAre you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home?We have some artists to help.All our group members know a lot about styles and colours.They will be happy to give you so

39、me ideas!Art&Design Group1.Mr.White is not feeling well these days._.2.Miss Lau worries about what to wear for a party._3.Grandma Lees washing machine is not working well._4.Mr.Zhang does not know how to design his house._ACBC We are going to have a“helping hands”meeting at the(1)_on the afternoon o

40、f(2)_.Some neighbours are there ready to help.Sometimes people do not feel well.The(3)_ at the Health Centre will(4)_.There are alsocommunity centreMarch 5doctors and nursesmake them feel betterB Simon is writing about the meeting on his blog.Help him complete his article with the information in Par

41、t A.some(5)_at the Fix-It Club.People will get help if there is(6)_with their washing machine or fridge.The members at the Art and Design Group know a lot about(7)_.When people do not know(8)_or(9)_,the artists will give them(10)_.something wrongstyles and colours what to wear to a partyhow to design the homesome ideasengineersvolunteers,kind,helpful,weekend meeting,clean,do some shopping,check,the old,all kinds of,flat,community centre,help C How do your neighbours help each other?Prepare notes about it.Then write your article.Use Simons article as a model.Words you can use: