国开大学2017年01月2157《英语阅读(3)》期末考试参考答案.pdf

1、试卷代号:2157国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学)2016年秋季学期开放专科期末考试英语阅读(3)试题2017年1月注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑园珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。510 Part 1 Read Passage 1 and decide the meaning of the fOllowing words with the h

2、elp of the context.The paragraph in which the word appears is indicated in brackets.Write A,B,or C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each)Passage 1 Bargain Fashion 1 Scavenging for hand-me-downs is a way of life for those who have few resources and need to put clothes on their backs.For other

3、s on the high consumer end,even though they have more income,it s become a pastime.It s fun,it s challenging and the clothes,they believe,make a fashion statement.Rummaging through thrift shops,combing weekend flea markets and yard sales,visiting vintage fashion stores,and even surfing the Internet

4、has become a passion for people seeking out fashion treasures on the cheap.2 Some like to think of it as frugal living-a careful or thrifty way to live,a way to protect both their pocketbook and the environment.With the growing concern for waste,some people feel this is one way they can do their par

5、t by recycling and reusing.In San Francisco,California,there are 1500 recycle shops,selling everything from used refrigerators to designer evening gowns.San Diego,California,boasts more than 2,000 secondhand shops along with a quarterly newspaper called Second Hand News with a readership of thousand

6、s of people.This 56-page publication contains information on store listings,shop ratings,coming events,and news of trends in recycling.People from all sectors of society read Second Hand News to learn about what s happening in the secondhand scene.The interest is growing in the use of these shops-so

7、me drop off their goods that they no longer want or need,some come to browse and see what it s all about,others come to search for that piece of clothing that will make them stand out in a crowd.3 Recycle centers and shops originated through community service organizations such as the YMCA,Salvation

8、 Army,Good Will and church groups.One such organization,the St.Vincent De Paul in San Diego,got its start in 1948 and is still doing a booming business today.Organizations such as these offer a wide range of goods and products from used household items to baby clothes.In many urban c巳ntersthese type

9、s of shops cater to the needier segment of the population.511 4 But as recycling became fashionab1e during the 1980s,individua1s opened secondhand shops geared to the midd1e and even upper classes of society.Shops like Michae1 s in downtown San Diego,Auntie He1en s in New York,and Brother Bennie s i

10、n Los Ange1es specialize in vintage clothing and accessories for both men and women.They claim to stock secondhand goods of the finest quality at 10w prices.Choosing an evening gown at Michae1s is a1most like shopping at Harrods in London or Barneys in New York,except its a 10t more exciting,says Ge

11、nnie,a fashion mode1 based in San Diego.You can choose from clothes that 10ts of famous peop1e owned,and there s a seamstress right there to make adjustments.You even get the option of a full refund up to 1-1/2 hours after a purchase if you get it home and decide it s really not for you,she exp1ains

12、.5 The recycle craze is not just all happening in the United States,it seems to have taken much of the who1e wor1d by storm.Some peop1e in Tokyo,Japan make their living by what they call thrifting:Designers hire them to shop for treasures,which then form the basis of their next fashion collection.J

13、ames Ashton says he s become a professiona1 scout.1 go to clubs to see what the kids are wearing,then hunt down old fabric,a be1t buck1e or a coo1 sweater pattern at a flea market,he exp1ains.The designer then invents a new 100k using the goods the scout has gathered.Some are fashion wizards,others

14、become famous j ust by copying thrift items,says Ashton.6 In London,Eng1and,hunting for vintage clothing and jewe1ry has become the in thing to do.Helen,of He1en Uffner Vintage Clothing,has a huge collection of garments from 1850 through the 1970s,some of which are for sa1e,others she nmts out for u

15、se in feature films.A number of the costumes for Out of Africa,which set off a Safari fad,came from my collection,she exclaims.As your eye passes over the goods in her shop you can guess that a vintage shoe collector wou1d be delighted to see her shoe collection.On the rack are a pair of 1970s Char1

16、es Jourdan platform shoes with carved wooden.chunky hee1s and braided,yellow patent leather straps.That same chunky 100k was revived in 1997,a hot item in fashion circles then.Now she says,This pair is just waiting for the right foot.7 The idea is to take fragments of the past to create an image for

17、 yourself.The 100k may or may not be selling in the designer boutique down the street,but you can still be satisfied knowing you ve done your persona1 100k by yourself-and on the cheap to boot.512 Questioos 1-10 are based 00 Passage b(paragraph 1)A.to tidy or straighten(esp.the hair)with the comb B.

18、to search a place thoroughly c.to find and get rid of(unnecessary people or things)2.boast(paragraph 2)A.to have or contain(something that is unusual or a cause of reasonable pride)B.to talk or state with unpleasant or unreasonable pride C.to talk nonsense 3.stand out(paragraph 2)A.to be firm in opp

19、osition C.to be very noticeable 4.cater to(paragraph 3)B.to be m uch better or the best A.to try to satisfy(desires or needs,esp.of a bad kind)B.to provide and serve food and drinks,usually for payment C.to provide what is needed or wanted by 5.vintage(paragraph 4)A.of high quality and lasting value

20、 B.showing all the best qualities of the work of(the stated person)C.made between 1919 and 1030 6.craze(paragraph 5)A.madness B.a very popular fashion that usually only lasts for a very short time C.wild excitement 7.wizard(paragraph 5)A.(esp.in stories)a man who has magic powers B.a very strange pe

21、rson C.a person with unusual,almost magical,abilities 8.copy(paragraph 5)A.to follow(someone or something)as a standard or pattern B.to make a copy of C.to cheat by writing(exactly the same thing)as someone else 513 9.set off Cparagraph 6)A.to begin a journey C.to cause to explode B.to cause C sudde

22、n activity)10.chunky Cparagraph 6)A.(of a person,esp.a man)ha ving a broad chest and strong-loo king body,and not very tall B.short,thick,and solid C.Cof materials,clothes,etc.)thick and heavy Part n Read Passage 2 and choose either A,B or C to complete each of the following statements.Write A,B or

23、C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each)Passage 2 Seventy-four Years of Winter Olympic Glory 1 Chamonix,1924:The Games were first known as the International Winter SportsWeek.It wasn t until 1925 that they were officially named the Olympic Winter Games.Norway and Finland dominated Nordic ski

24、ing,speed skating and bobsleigh.Two days beforethe Closing Ceremony,the International Olympic Committee C IOC)was approved as the official organizing committee for the Games.2 St.Moritz 1928:Unseasonable warm weather created havoc with the ev巳ntsat the Swiss Alpine resort,while Norway continued to d

25、ominate.Sonja Henie,just 15,combined gracewith athletic ability to win the first of three Olympic gold medals in women s figure skating.J apan sent its first delegation-six skiers and one official.3 Lake Placid,1932:Warm weather again hit the Games,forcing organizers to haul snow from Canada to the

26、upstate New York town.The four-man bobsleigh race had to be postponed until after the Closing Ceremony.Dog-sled racing and wome口sspeed skating were demonstration events and Edward Eagan,a Summer Games Olympic medallist in 1920,was on the winning U.S.four-man bobsleigh team to become the first summer

27、-winter medallist.4 Garmischi-Partenkirchen,1936:Blizzard conditions,and a possible boycott by the IOC over Adolph Hitler s politics threatened the Games initially.European speed skaters dominated the medals standings after the Olympics returned to the continental style of racing against the clock r

28、ather than group starts used four years earlier.514 5 St.Moritz,1948:The Swiss resort hosted the Winter Games for the second time,favoured as a neutral venue following World War II.Germany and Japan were not allowed to participate,while single-person sled racing was held for the first time since the

29、 previous St.Moritz Games.American J ohn Heaton repeated as single silver medallist after two decades on the sidelines 6 Oslo,1952:The Winter Games held its first torch relay,kindled at the home of Norwegian skiing legend Sondre Norheim.Attendance at events was exceptional with the ski jump alone at

30、tracting crowds of 150,000,an Olympic attendance record for both the Summer and Winter Games.W omen s cross-country ski races made their Olympic debut and American Dick Button defended his figure skating title.7 Cortina d Ampezzo,1956:The Soviet U nion debuted at the Winter Games,while a stadium bui

31、1t to hold 10,000 spectators一ina town of about 6,oOO-hosted the skating and hockey events.Austrian Toni Sailor performed an Alpine skiing hat trick,which was,taking gold in the men s downhill,giant slalom and slalom.Chiharu 19aya won the men s slalom silver,J apan s first Winter Olympic medal.8 Squa

32、w Valley,1960:Through the campaigning of landowner Alexander Cushing,the mountain town in northern California edged lnnsbruck in voting by the IOC.Women s speed skating becomes an official medal event,and biathlon was added to the Olympic program.East and West Germany sent a joint team,using Beethov

33、en s Ninth Symphony as their national anthem 9 Innsbruck,1964:For the first time in the Winter Games,the Olympic flame was lighted at Olympia,Greece.But the warmest winter in 58 years in lnnsbruck left minimal snow cover and difficu1t conditions at many venues.Luge made its Olympic debut,as did the

34、microchip,which was used in judging and timing at events.India also debuted at the Winter Games.10 Grenoble,1968:The snowy Games attracted only about 70,000 spectators on the ground,but 500 million viewers watched them on television.Women were forced to take gender tests for the first time in the Ol

35、ympics,while Frenchmen J ean-Claude Killy handled heavy pressure from countrymen with superb style,grabbing all three Olympic Alpine skiing golds on offer.11 Sapporo,1972:At the first Winter Olympics held in Asia,a dispute over amateur status came to the boil when the IOC banned Austrian ski star Ka

36、rl Schranz from the Games because he had been paid for appearing in a ski mak巳rs advertisement.American figure 515 skater J anet Lynn settled for women s bronze but won the hearts of the local audience while hotel manager Francisco F ernandez Ochoa staged a surprise victory in the men s slalom for S

37、pain s first gold medallist in the Winter Olympics.12 Innsbruck,1976:The Winter Games returned to Innsbruck after Denver,the planned host,decided to give the Games back due to fear of over-development and a mushrooming budget.Austrian Franz Klammer grabbed the men s downhill gold before a home crowd

38、 while American Dorthy Hamill pirouetted to women s figure skating gold.Ice dancing became an Olympic medal event.13 Lake Placid,1980:The host of the 1932 Winter Games gained a unanimous vote from the IOC.American Eric Heiden swept a11 five gold medals in men s speed skating,while Austria s Annemari

39、e.Moser-Proe11,after disappointment in Sapporo,snatched the women s downhi11 gold.14 Sarajevo,1984:Sapporo offered in 1978 to host the 1984 Winter Games if no other cities decided to bid,but Sarajevo came forward to welcome a record 49 countries in the first Winter Games held in Eastern Europe.Katar

40、ina Witt of East Germany won the first of two figure skating golds.15 Calgary,1988:Canada hosted its first Winter Olympics and the first that spanned 16 days.U.S.TV network ABC paid a record$309 million for broadcasting rights and,despite Chinooks-warm,dry winds out of the Rocky Mountains-that disru

41、pted the schedule,Italy s Alberto Tomba emerged a skiing hero with gold in the men s slalom and giant slalom.Britain s Michael Edwards Eddie in the Eagle captured no medals but grabbed the hearts of mi11ions with his amateur bravado on the ski jump.Freestyle skiing,short track speed skating and curl

42、ing were demonstration sports.16 Albertville,1992:Organized by former skiing great Jean Claude Killy,the 16th Winter Games were hit by criticism over the distance between venues in the French Alps.But Japan巳njoyedits best medal victories ever,winning the Nordic combined team gold and a total of seve

43、n medals一thisequaled the total medals won by Japan in a11 previous Winter Olympics combined.Canada s Kerrin Lee-Gartner thrilled one and a11 with gold in the women s downhill.17 Lillehammer,1994:The town of 23,000 was recognized by many as having hosted the best Winter Games to date.Huge energetic c

44、rowds,good weather and smooth transportation were a11 widely acclaimed.Local favourite J ohann Olav Koss showed why he was known as The Boss by winning three speed skating gold medals.a11 in world-record 516 times.The media was engrossed by feuding U.S.figure skaters Tonya Harding and Nancy Kerrigan

45、,but Oksana Baiui from the Ukraine upstaged them both to take the women s gold.18 Nagano,1998:Back in Japan for a second time,this Winter Games was recognized as being high-tech and environmentally friend1y.Winter snowsuits designed specifically for members of the IOC,the organizers and vo1unteers a

46、t the Olympics,were made famous by the fact they cou1d be recycled into usab1e oil.The Olympic Village offered free internet use for all ath1etes,many setting up their own home page for fans to wish them good 1uck before their event,and congratu1ate them afterwards.The environment was a1so enriched-

47、1eftovers from the Olympic Village cafeteria were recycled into ferti1izer.Wor1d records for both the men and women s speed skating were broken by skaters from the Nether1ands and Germany,and Chinese aeria1 skiers made their first dazzling debut with Xu Nannan bringing home a si1ver for her double b

48、ack somersault with a trip1e twist.Curling,women s hockey and snowboarding were added to the Winter Games.Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2.11.The Games were officially named the Olympic Winter Games in一一-一A.1924 C.1926 12.Japan sent its first delegation一一一一-B.1925 A.to St.Moritz in 1928 B.to C

49、hamonix in 1924 C.to Lake Placid in 1932 13.was the first summer-winter medallist.A.John Heaton C.Edward Eagan 14.St Moritz is a resort in B.A1exander Cushing A.Switzer1and B.Soviet Union C.Canada 15.The Olympic attendance record for both the Summer and Winter Games was A.10,000 C.150,000 B.70,000 1

50、6.Women s speed skating becomes an officia1 meda1 event at m A.Oslo.1952 B.Cortina d Ampezzo.1956 C.Squaw Valley.1960 517 17.The Winter Games were he1d twice in A.St.Moritz and lnnsbruck C.lnnsbruck and Ca1gary B.St.Moritz and Oslo 18.Women were forced to take gender tests for the first time in A.19