高中英语：全国一线英语教师完形填空体系研究考法一 句内层次题.doc

1、 题型三题型三 完形填空完形填空 A (2019 全国卷)Every year about 40， 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.They _1_ with them lots of waste.The _2_ might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the _3_ of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, Im _4_ a

2、bout the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However, I soon _5_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _6_ among tons of rubbish.I find a _7_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are _8_ but the eff

3、orts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _9_ The best of a Kilimanjaro _10_， in my opinion, isnt reaching the top.Mountains are _11_ as spiritual places by many cultures.This _12_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _13_ go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few

4、kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters，_14_ lands of low growing plants.Further up, the weather _15_low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass.I _16_ twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4， 000 meters is the highland _17_： gra

5、vel(砾石)，stones and rocks._18_ you climb into an arcticlike zone with _19_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro _20_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 【语篇解读】 主题：人与自然(环境保护)；话题：乞力马扎罗山。

6、本文是一篇记叙 文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情 况。 1A.keep Bmix Cconnect Dbring 答案 D 根据第一句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro.”可知，每年大约有 4 万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带 来(bring)了很多垃圾。 2A.stories Bbuildings Ccrowds Dreporters 答案 C 联系上文中的 about 40，000 people 可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这 个地方的

7、美。 3A.position Bage Cface Dname 答案 C 联系上文中的 The glaciers are disappearing 可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞 力马扎罗山的面貌(face)。 4A.silent Bskeptical Cserious Dcrazy 答案 B 联系下文 other destinations are described as“purer”natural experiences 可知， 其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验， 所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道 表示怀疑(skeptical)。be skeptical about 对表示怀疑。s

8、ilent 沉默的；serious 严肃的； crazy 疯狂的。 5A.discover Bargue Cdecide Dadvocate 答案 A 联系下文的 much has changed 可知， 作者发现(discover)了乞力马扎罗山的 变化。argue 争论；decide 决定；advocate 提倡。 6A.equipment Bgrass Ccamps Dstones 答案 C 联系下文中的 with toilets at camps 可知，这里报道的是营地(camp)。 7A.remote Bquiet Ctall Dclean 答案 D 联系上文 However(然而)

9、及下文 with toilets at camps and along the paths(营 地和路边都有厕所)可推知，作者看到的是干净的(clean)山。 8A.new Bspecial Csignificant Dnecessary 答案 C 上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸 多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的(significant)。new 新的；special 特殊的； necessary 有必要的。 9A.paying off Bspreading out Cblowing up Dfading away 答案 A 联系前文的 with

10、toilets at camps and along the paths 可知，坦桑尼亚国家公 园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效(pay off)。spread out 展开；blow up 爆炸；fade away 逐 渐消失。 10A.atmosphere Bexperience Cexperiment Dsight 答案 B 联系下文 reaching the top 可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验 (experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere 气氛；experiment 实验；sight 视线。 11A.studied Bobserved Cexplored Dre

11、garded 答案 D 联系空后的 by many cultures 可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂 之地，be regarded as 被看作是。study 研究；observe 观察；explore 探索。 12A.view Bquality Creason Dpurpose 答案 A 结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的 go through five ecosystems 可知， 这种观点(view)在乞力马扎罗山表现得尤为明显。 quality 品质； reason 原因； purpose 目的。 13A.scientists Bclimbers Clocals Do

12、fficials 答案 B 联系上文的“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro.”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统。scientist 科学家；local 本地人；official 官员。 14A.holding on to Bgoing back to Cliving up to Dgiving way to 答案 D 联系上文的 It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters 可知，热带雨林在 3 000 米处 突然终止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。give way

13、 to 意为“被代替”，符合 语境。hold on to 坚持；go back to 回到；live up to 不辜负。 15A.changes Bclears Cimproves Dpermits 答案 A 上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的 low clouds envelop the mountainsides 可知，在这里气候又发生了变化(change)。clear 清除；improve 改善；permit 允许。 16A.match Bimagine Ccount Dadd 答案 C 联系空后的 twelve shades of green 可知，作者数出了(count)

14、12 种绿色。 17A.village Bdesert Croad Dlake 答案 B 联系冒号后的 gravel， stones and rocks 可知， 4 000 米以上是荒漠(desert)。 18A.Obviously BEasily CConsequently DFinally 答案 D 上文介绍了从山下到山上的五个生态系统，所以这里说最后(finally)爬到 了一个像北极圈一样的区域。obviously 明显地；easily 容易地；consequently 因此，所以。 19A.permanent Blittle Cfresh Dartificial 答案 A 联系上文的

15、 climb into an arcticlike zone 可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈 的地方，所以这里是指常年积雪。permanent 意为“永久的，永恒的”，符合语境。little 少的；fresh 新鲜的；artificial 人造的。 20A.enjoy Bdeserve Csave Dacquire 答案 B 联系下文的“I found the opposite to be true.”可知， 作者在这里进行反问： 乞 力马扎罗山真的应该获得(deserve)游人如织， 破坏了其平和景象的拥挤山脉这一名声吗？ B (2019 全国卷)Its about 250 miles fro

16、m the hills of westcentral Iowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota.During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers _1_ about the small dog he had seen _2_ alongside the road.He had _3_ to coax (哄) the dog to him but，frightened，it had _4_ Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that _5_ dog.So，f

17、our days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove _6_After a long and careful _7_， Greg saw，across a field, the dog moving _8_ away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with _9_It just started licking (舔) Ehlers face. A local farmer t

18、old them the dog sounded like one _10_ as lost in the local paper.The ad had a _11_ number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers _12_ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had _13_ their dog. Jeff had _14_ in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog of

19、f.Jeff searched _15_ for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesota，and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.“Its good to know theres still someone out there who _16_ enough to go to that kind of _17_，” says Lisa of Ehlers rescue _18_ “I figured who

20、ever lost the dog was probably just as _19_ to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers.“If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be _20_ to go that extra mile.” 【语篇解读】 主题：人与社会；话题：Ehlers 和一条走失的狗。本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要介绍了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回走失的狗的故事，体现了和谐的人际关 系。 1A.read Bforgot Cthought Dheard 答案 C 根据空格前面的 Dur

21、ing the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting 和后面的 the small dog he had seen.frightened，it had _可知，他本想把他遇见的那 条狗哄到身边来，但是狗受到惊吓跑了，因此他在回家的路上一直想着(think)那条狗。 2A.fighting Btrembling Ceating Dsleeping 答案 B 与后面的 frightened 呼应，此处表示那条狗正在路边发抖(tremble)。 3A.tried Bagreed Cpromised Dregretted 答案 A 结合后面的 to

22、 coax the dog to him but，frightened，it had _可知， 本来 Ehlers 试图(try)把那条狗哄到身边来，希望帮助它。但是却没有成功，狗因为受到惊 吓跑掉了。 4A.calmed down Bstood up Crolled over Drun off 答案 D but 表示转折，虽然 Ehlers 想把狗哄到身边来，帮助它，但是狗由于害怕， 跑掉了(run off)，此处也与下文的 lost 等呼应。calm down 平静下来，镇定下来；stand up 站立；roll over 翻转。 5A.injured Bstolen Clost Dres

23、cued 答案 C 根据上文的 but， frightened， it had run off 可知， 那条狗跑掉了， 因此 Ehlers 被那条走失的(lost)狗弄得心烦意乱。 6A.home Bpast Cback Don 答案 C 根据本段的第一句“Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.”可 知，Ehlers 回家了，但是他被那条走失的狗弄得心烦意乱，所以，四天后，他叫上他的朋 友 Greg，开车回去(back)寻找那条狗。 7A.preparation Bexplanation Ctest Dsearch 答案 D 结合前面的

24、After a long and careful 和后面的 Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving _ away 可知，经过长时间的仔细搜索(search)，Greg 看见了那条狗。 preparation 准备；explanation 解释；test 测试。 8A.cautiously Bcasually Cskillfully Dangrily 答案 A 根据第一段最后一句中的 frightened 和下文的 nervousness and fear 可知， 那条狗受到惊吓，感到紧张不安和恐惧，因此当 Greg 看见它的时候，它正小心谨慎地 (caut

25、iously)移动。casually 随便地；skillfully 巧妙地，精巧地；angrily 生气地。 9A.surprise Bjoy Chesitation Danxiety 答案 B 根据空格前面的nervousness and fear were replaced(紧张不安和恐惧被取代 了)以及后面的“It just started licking Ehlers face.(它就开始舔 Ehlers 的脸)”可知，它的不 安和恐惧被快乐(joy)取代。 10A.predicted Badvertised Cbelieved Drecorded 答案 B 结合后面的 as lost

26、 in the local paper 及 the ad 可知， 一位当地的农场主告诉 他们这条狗好像是在当地报纸上登了广告的(advertise)走失的狗。 11A.house Bphone Cstreet Dcar 答案 B 根据后面的number for a town in southern Michigan和the number of Jeff and Lisa 以及生活常识可知，寻狗启事上应该有电话(phone)号码。 12A.called Bcopied Ccounted Dremembered 答案 A 根据后面的 the number of Jeff and Lisa to t

27、ell them he had _ their dog 可知，Ehlers 打电话(call)告诉 Jeff 和 Lisa，即狗的主人，他发现了他们的狗。 13A.fed Badopted Cfound Dcured 答案 C 根据前面的 Ehlers _ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them 并结合 生活常识可知，Ehlers 当然是打电话告诉狗的主人，他发现(find)了他们的狗。 14A.hunted Bskied Clived Dworked 答案 A 根据后面的 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his do

28、g，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off 可知，Jeff 带着他的狗 Rosie 在 Iowa 打猎(hunt)，但是枪声把狗 吓跑了。 15A.on purpose Bon time Cin turn Din vain 答案 D 结合上文 Ehlers 发现了 Rosie 和本句“Jeff searched _ for Rosie in the next four days.”可知，Jeff 找了四天，也没有找到他的狗，即徒劳无功(in vain)。 16A.cares Bsees Csuffers Dlearns 答案 A 分析本句中

29、的 says Lisa of Ehlers rescue 可知，这句是狗的女主人 Lisa 赞 美 Ehlers 的话。她认为有人能够关心(care)一条狗，真是一件好事。 17A.place Btrouble Cwaste Dextreme 答案 B 结合上文 Ehlers 邀请朋友 Greg 帮助寻找那条狗， 并且根据“Ehlers returned to Minnesota.put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.”可知，他为那条狗大费周折(trouble)。place 地方；waste 浪费；extreme 极端，极度。 18A.service Bplan

30、Ceffort Dteam 答案 C 上文提及 Ehlers 邀请朋友 Greg 一同寻找那条狗，他还回到 Minnesota，又 驱车 100 英里到了 Minneapolis，在那里让 Rosie 登上了飞往 Michigan 的航班，这都说明 Ehlers 为了 Rosie 做出了很多努力(effort)。 19A.equal Ballergic Cgrateful Dclose 答案 D Ehlers 认为无论是谁丢失了狗，都很可能像他对待自己的狗一样亲近(be close to)它。 20A.suitable Bproud Cwise Dwilling 答案 D 分析本句“If it

31、 had been my dog，Id hope that somebody would be _ to go that extra mile.”可知，Ehlers 认为，如果他的狗走丢了，他希望有人愿意 (willing)不怕麻烦地去帮助寻找他的狗。 C (2019 全国卷)The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to midMarch_1_ six months out of th

32、e year. “Of course, we _2_ it when the sun is shining，”says Karin Ro, who works for the towns tourism office.“We see the sky is _3_， but down in the valley its darkerits like on a _4_ day.” But that _5_ when a system of hightech _6_ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into

33、 the valley below.Wednesday，residents (居民) of Rjukan _7_ their very first ray of winter sunshine： A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to _8_The mirrors are controlled by a computer that _9_ them to turn along with the sun throughout the _10_ and to close during windy weather

34、.They reflect a concentrated beam (束)of light onto the towns central _11_， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.When the light _12_，Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been _13_ there and standing there and taking _14_ of each other，”Ro says.“The town square was totall

35、y _15_I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3，500 residents cannot all _16_ the sunshine at the same time._17_， the new light feels like more than enough for the towns _18_ residents. “Its not very _19_，”she says，“but it is enough when we are _20_” 【语篇解读】 主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：运用高科技“

36、引进”阳光。本文 是一篇说明文。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种情况通 过运用高科技设备得以改善。 1A.only Bobviously Cnearly Dprecisely 答案 C 根据空前所述(从九月底到三月中旬)可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时 间。 2A.fear Bbelieve Chear Dnotice 答案 D 由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射， 再根据下文引 号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照耀的时候注意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。 3A.empty Bblue Chigh Dwide 答案 B 显然，该引号

37、中的话为当地人注意到的情况我们看到天空是蓝色的 (blue)，但山谷里较暗。 4A.cloudy Bnormal Cdifferent Dwarm 答案 A 山谷里较暗，就像阴天(a cloudy day)一样。 5A.helped Bchanged Chappened Dmattered 答案 B 但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况改变(change)了。 6A.computers Btelescopes Cmirrors Dcameras 答案 C 由下文中的“The mirrors are controlled.”可知该空填 mirrors(镜子)。 7A.remembere

38、d Bforecasted Creceived Dimagined 答案 C 由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬 日阳光的第一束光。 8A.repair Brisk Crest Duse 答案 D 由该句前的冒号可知， 此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的附近山坡 上的一排反射板投入使用。put to use“投入使用”，符合语境。 9A.forbids Bdirects Cpredicts Dfollows 答案 B 这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风 的天气里关闭。direct“管理，指挥”，符合语境。 10A.day Bn

39、ight Cmonth Dyear 答案 A 因为是要反射光源，肯定是在白天时间。throughout the day“整个白天”， 符合语境。 11A.library Bhall Csquare Dstreet 答案 C 由下一段中的“The town square was totally.”可知，此空填 square。 12A.appeared Breturned Cfaded Dstopped 答案 A 当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。 13A.driving Bhiding Ccamping Dsitting 答案 D 与空后的 standing 对应的是 sit

40、ting，指人们或坐或站，故选 D 项。 14A.pictures Bnotes Ccare Dhold 答案 A 人们或坐或站，互相拍照。take pictures of“给拍照”，符合语境。 15A.new Bfull Cflat Dsilent 答案 B 由空后的“我觉得几乎镇上所有人都在那里了”可知城镇广场完全满了 (full)。 16A.block Bavoid Cenjoy Dstore 答案 C 3 500 个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。 17A.Instead BHowever CGradually DSimilarly 答案 B 空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，空后说，

41、新光线对小镇居民而言感觉绰 绰有余，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填 however(然而)。 18A.natureloving Benergysaving Cweatherbeaten Dsunstarved 答案 D 尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光， 所以说他们是渴望阳光 的(sunstarved)居民。natureloving 热爱自然的；energysaving 节约能源的；weather beaten 饱经风霜的。 19A.big Bclear Ccold Deasy 答案 A 由上文 Ro 的叙述以及 more than enough 等字眼可知，对于渴望阳光的尤 坎

42、居民而言，新光线让他们心满意足。故此处语境为“它不是很大(big)，但当我们分享 (share)的时候就足够了”。 20A.trying Bwaiting Cwatching Dsharing 答案 D 当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了。 D (2018 全国卷)During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a“free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I _1_ the id

43、ea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to _2_ a few dollars? More than that, Id always wanted to learn chess.And，even if I werent _3_ enough about free credits, news about our _4_ was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster, which _5_ I would be learning from o

44、ne of the games _6_I could hardly wait to _7_ him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this _8_ was no game for him; he meant business.In his introduction, he made it _9_ that our credits would be hardearned.In order to _10_ the class，among other criteria, we

45、 had to write a paper on how we plan to _11_ what we would learn in class to our future professions and， _12_， to our lives.I managed to get an A in that _13_ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the _14_ Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he

46、 _15_ me: “The absolute most important _16_ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good _17_ On every single move you have to _18_ a situation， process what your opponent (对 手) is doing and _19_ the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my _20_ as a

47、journalist. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了我在大学时所选的课程对自己以后的 职业和生活起到了很重要的作用。 1A.put forward Bjumped at Ctried out Dturned down 答案 B 我迫不及待地接受(jumped at)了参加这个课程学习的想法。put forward“提出”；try out“试验”；turn down“关小，拒绝”。 2A.waste Bearn Csave Dpay 答案 C 毕竟，谁不想节省(save)一些钱呢？waste“浪费，花费”；earn“挣，赚 得”；pay“付款”。 3A.excited Bworri

48、ed Cmoved Dtired 答案 A 即使我对免费学分不太激动(excited)。worried“担心的”；moved“感动 的”；tired“劳累的”。 4A.title Bcompetitor Ctextbook Dinstructor 答案 D 关于我们的讲师(instructor)的消息足够吸引我。title“标题，题目”； competitor“竞争者”；textbook“课本”。 5A.urged Bdemanded Cheld Dmeant 答案 D 他是一位国际象棋大师， 这意味(meant)着我能向象棋界最优秀的人之一学 习。urge“敦促”；demand“要求”；hold“举行”。 6A.fastest Beasiest Cbest Drarest 答案 C 参见上题解析