牛津译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit1 Wish You were Here单词讲义.docx

1、牛津译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit1 Wish You were Here单词讲义blooming词性：形容词中文意思：盛开的，繁茂的英文释义：growing in a healthy way, producing flowers or fruit词源：来自古英语bloma，意为“开花”例句：The garden is full of blooming flowers.固定搭配：blooming success（巨大的成功）近义词：flourishing, thrivingunfold词性：动词中文意思：展开，显露英文释义：to open something that ha

2、s been folded or closed, to become known or understood词源：来自古英语unfoldian，意为“展开”例句：She slowly unfolded the letter and began to read it.固定搭配：unfold ones plan（揭示某人的计划）近义词：unwrap, disclose, revealethnically词性：副词中文意思：种族上，民族上英文释义：relating to people of a particular race or ethnic group词源：来自ethnic，意为“种族的，民族的

3、”例句：The school has students from ethnically diverse backgrounds.固定搭配：ethnically diverse（种族多样的）近义词：racially, ethnically speakingdistinct词性：形容词中文意思：不同的，明显的英文释义：easily seen or heard, clearly different from others of its kind词源：来自拉丁语distinctus，意为“分开的，明显的”例句：There was a distinct smell of smoke in the roo

4、m.固定搭配：a distinct possibility（一个明显的可能性）近义词：obvious, clear, separateterritory词性：名词中文意思：领土，领域英文释义：an area of land that belongs to a particular country or organization词源：来自拉丁语territorium，意为“居住地，领土”例句：The company plans to expand its territory into Asia.固定搭配：territory control（领土控制）近义词：domain, region, are

5、avalley词性：名词中文意思：山谷，流域英文释义：a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it词源：来自古英语flla，意为“凹陷”或“沟壑”。例句：The village is nestled in a beautiful valley.固定搭配：valley floor（谷底），valley side（山谷边）近义词：vale, dale, glencarve词性：动词中文意思：雕刻，切开英文释义：to cut something into a particula

6、r shape or design using a knife, chisel, etc.词源：来自古英语carfan，意为“切割”。例句：He carved his name on the tree trunk.固定搭配：carve out（创造，开辟），carve up（分割，瓜分）近义词：cut, engrave, sculptglacier词性：名词中文意思：冰川英文释义：a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land, formed by compacted snow that has melted and refrozen many

7、times.词源：来自拉丁语glacies，意为“冰”。例句：The glacier covered the mountain tops with its icy mantle.固定搭配：glacier movement（冰川移动），glacier melt（冰川融化）近义词：ice sheet, ice field, ice capmighty词性：形容词中文意思：强大的，巨大的英文释义：very powerful or strong; very large or great.词源：来自古英语mg，意为“强大的”。例句：The mighty lion roared in the jungle

8、.固定搭配：mighty force（强大的力量），mighty power（巨大的权力）近义词：strong, powerful, immensesplendid词性：形容词中文意思：辉煌的，极好的英文释义：extremely impressive or beautiful; excellent.词源：来自拉丁语splendidus，意为“辉煌的”。例句：She wore a splendid dress to the party.固定搭配：splendid achievement（辉煌的成就），splendid view（壮丽的景色）近义词：magnificent, superb, won

9、derfulurban词性：形容词中文意思：城市的，都市的英文释义：of, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town词源：来自拉丁语urbanus，意为“城市的”例句：The urban population has been increasing rapidly in recent years.固定搭配：urban area（城市区域），urban planning（城市规划）近义词：metropolitan, municipal, townshipancestor词性：名词中文意思：祖先，先辈英文释义：a person from wh

10、om one is descended词源：来自拉丁语antecessor，意为“在前面的人”例句：My ancestors came from China.固定搭配：ancestor worship（祖先崇拜），ancestor tree（家谱树）近义词：forebear, progenitor, predecessorindigenous词性：形容词中文意思：本土的，土著的英文释义：belonging naturally to a particular place or environment词源：来自西班牙语indgeno，意为“本地的”例句：The indigenous people

11、have their own unique culture.固定搭配：indigenous species（原生物种），indigenous knowledge（本土知识）近义词：native, local, originalstrait词性：名词中文意思：海峡，水道英文释义：a narrow passage of water connecting two larger areas of water词源：来自古英语straet，意为“狭窄的水道”例句：The ship sailed through the Suez Canal, a narrow strait between Egypt an

12、d Saudi Arabia.固定搭配：persuade someone out of the straitjacket（说服某人摆脱束缚），strait-laced（拘谨的）近义词：channel, waterway, passageminority词性：名词中文意思：少数，少数民族英文释义：the smaller number or amount of something when compared with the rest; a group of people who are different from the majority in a society词源：来自拉丁语minor，意

13、为“较小的”例句：Women make up only a small minority of CEOs in major corporations.固定搭配：minority report（少数派报告，电影名），minority leader（少数党领袖）近义词：small number, lesser amount, underrepresented groupcuisine词性：名词中文意思：烹饪风格，菜肴英文释义：style of cooking or preparation of food词源：来自拉丁语 csina，意为“烹饪”或“食物”例句：The restaurants cui

14、sine is a fusion of Italian and French flavors.固定搭配：French cuisine, Chinese cuisine, Italian cuisine近义词：cuisine, cooking style, dishesdynamic词性：形容词中文意思：动态的，有活力的英文释义：having the power to develop or change easily词源：来自希腊语 dunamis，意为“力量”或“能力”例句：The company has a dynamic leadership team that is always loo

15、king for new opportunities.固定搭配：dynamic market, dynamic economy, dynamic personality近义词：energetic, lively, vibrantsample词性：名词/动词中文意思：样品，样本；尝试，品尝英文释义：a small part or amount of something that represents the whole; to try out or test something词源：来自中古英语 samplen，意为“取样”或“品尝”例句：I took a sample of the soup

16、to taste it before serving it to my guests.固定搭配：sample size, product sample, blood sample近义词：specimen, example, trialdepth词性：名词中文意思：深度，深奥英文释义：the distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something; the quality of being deep or profound词源：来自古英语 dep，意为“深”或“厚”例句：The pool was so deep that I cou

17、ldnt touch the bottom.固定搭配：depth perception, in-depth analysis, shallow depths近义词：profundity, intensity, seriousnesssuburb词性：名词中文意思：郊区，城郊地区英文释义：an area on the outskirts of a town or city where people live in houses rather than apartments词源：来自拉丁语 suburbium，意为“郊外”或“郊区”例句：We moved to the suburbs to hav

18、e more space and a quieter lifestyle.固定搭配：suburban area, suburban neighborhood, suburban life近义词：outskirts, exurb, peripherybotanical词性：形容词中文意思：植物学的，植物的英文释义：of or relating to plants or botany词源：来自拉丁语botanicus，意为“植物学家”例句：The botanical garden has a wide variety of plants from all over the world.固定搭配：b

19、otanical garden（植物园）近义词：plant-related, botanicblanket词性：名词、动词中文意思：毯子，覆盖物英文释义：a large rectangular covering for a bed; something that covers or envelops completely词源：来自古英语blankete，意为“毛毯”例句：She wrapped herself in a warm blanket.固定搭配：blanket coverage（全面覆盖），blanket statement（笼统的说法）近义词：covering, shroudhoc

20、key词性：名词中文意思：冰球，曲棍球英文释义：a game played on ice by two teams of skaters who use sticks to shoot a rubber puck into their opponents goal词源：来自北美洲印第安人的一种球类游戏，后来被英国殖民者引入欧洲并发展成为现代冰球运动。例句：He plays hockey every weekend with his friends.固定搭配：ice hockey（冰球），field hockey（曲棍球）近义词：ice ball, bandywelfare词性：名词、形容词中文

21、意思：福利，幸福，健康英文释义：the state of being happy, healthy, or well off; assistance provided to those in need词源：来自古英语weal + fare，意为“福祉，幸福”例句：The government provides welfare for the elderly and disabled.固定搭配：social welfare（社会福利），welfare system（福利制度）近义词：well-being, assistance, aidaccommodation词性：名词、动词中文意思：住宿，适

22、应，通融英文释义：a place to stay, especially when traveling; adjusting to new conditions or ideas; making an exception or allowance词源：来自拉丁语ad + accommodatio，意为“调整，适应”例句：We found comfortable accommodation at a local hotel.固定搭配：accommodation address（住宿地址），accommodate with（与相适应）surrounding词性：名词中文意思：周围的事物，环境英文释

23、义：the area that surrounds something or someone词源：来自古英语 surroundian，意为“环绕”例句：The surrounding landscape was breathtakingly beautiful.固定搭配：surrounding area, surrounding environment, surrounding community近义词：environment, encirclement, ambianceharmony词性：名词中文意思：和谐，协调英文释义：a pleasing combination of differen

24、t things词源：来自希腊语 harmonia，意为“和谐”例句：The colors in the painting create a sense of harmony.固定搭配：inner harmony, social harmony, musical harmony近义词：concord, agreement, accordsustain词性：动词中文意思：维持，支撑，持续英文释义：to keep something going or continue to exist词源：来自拉丁语 sustinere，意为“支撑”例句：The company needs to find new

25、 sources of income to sustain its growth.固定搭配：sustainable development, sustain injuries, sustain life近义词：maintain, support, upholdmanner词性：名词中文意思：方式，态度，礼貌英文释义：a particular way in which something is done or happens词源：来自古法语 maniere，意为“方式”例句：She spoke in a very friendly manner.固定搭配：good manners, bad ma

26、nners, in a manner of speaking近义词：way, style, approachmanners词性：名词复数形式中文意思：礼貌，规矩，风俗习惯英文释义：the polite and acceptable behavior expected in society词源：来自古法语 manieres，意为“方式”例句：Its important to have good manners when youre dining with others.固定搭配：common manners, table manners, basic manners近义词：etiquette,

27、civility, proprietyconsumption词性：名词中文意思：消费，消耗英文释义：the act of using up or the process of being used up词源：来自拉丁语的consumptio，意为“耗尽”例句：The consumption of energy is directly proportional to the work done.固定搭配：energy consumption（能源消耗）， food consumption（食物消耗）近义词：use, utilization, depletionelegant词性：形容词中文意思：

28、优雅的，优美的英文释义：having beauty of form, style, or movement词源：来自拉丁语的elegans，意为“优雅的”例句：She looked very elegant in her new dress.固定搭配：elegant design（优雅的设计）， elegant manners（优雅的举止）近义词：graceful, stylish, refinedstatue词性：名词中文意思：雕像，塑像英文释义：a three-dimensional figure of a person or animal made by shaping and join

29、ing materials such as stone, metal, wood, etc.词源：来自拉丁语的statua，意为“形象，形状”例句：The statue of liberty is a famous landmark in New York.固定搭配：statue of limitations（诉讼时效）， life-size statue（真人大小雕像）近义词：sculpture, figure, representationsouvenir词性：名词中文意思：纪念品，纪念物英文释义：an object that reminds you of a place or event

30、 that you have visited or experienced词源：来自法语的souvenir，意为“记忆”例句：I bought a souvenir from the beach as a memory of my vacation.固定搭配：souvenir shop（纪念品商店）， souvenir photo（纪念照片）近义词：memento, keepsake, reminderantique词性：形容词/名词中文意思：（作形容词时）古老的，古代的；（作名词时）古董，古玩英文释义：（作形容词时）made a long time ago；（作名词时）a valuable

31、object from the past that is not made now and is collected for its beauty and interest词源：来自希腊语的antik，意为“旧的”例句：（作形容词时）He collects antique furniture.（他收集古董家具。）（作名词时）This vase is an antique.（这个花瓶是一件古董。）vase (n.)中文意思：花瓶英文释义：a container, usually made of glass or ceramics, used for holding flowers词源：来自拉丁语

32、 vas，意为容器或器皿例句：She placed the bouquet in a vase on the table.固定搭配：a vase of flowers（一束花）近义词：container, vesselfurniture (n.)中文意思：家具英文释义：movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating, sleeping, and storing things词源：来自法语 faire venir，意为带来、产生例句：The living room was filled wi

33、th beautiful antique furniture.固定搭配：office furniture（办公家具）近义词：furnishings, household itemsgoat (n.)中文意思：山羊英文释义：a domesticated mammal with long horns, typically having a bearded face and either short or long hair, raised for meat, milk, and wool词源：来自古英语 gote，意为一种动物例句：The farmer keeps a herd of goats

34、for their milk and cheese.固定搭配：goat cheese（山羊奶酪）近义词：sheep, ibexresolution (n.)中文意思：决心；决议英文释义：a firm decision to do or not to do something; a formal expression of opinion by a group of people词源：来自拉丁语 resolvere，意为决定、解决例句：She made a resolution to exercise every day in the new year.固定搭配：New Years resolu

35、tion（新年决心）近义词：decision, determination, resolvegrain (n.)中文意思：谷物；颗粒英文释义：any of several types of cereal plants that are cultivated for food, such as wheat, rice, or oats; small particles of matter词源：来自古英语 graen，意为粮食、食物例句：The farmer harvested a large crop of grain this year.固定搭配：wheat grain（小麦粒）近义词：cer

36、eal, kernelcontrast词性：名词、动词中文意思：对比，对照英文释义：the comparison of dissimilar things; to compare in order to show differences词源：来自拉丁语的 contrastare，意为 相对照例句：The black and white dress provides a striking contrast to her red hair.（黑白相间的裙子与她的红发形成了鲜明的对比。）固定搭配：in contrast to/with（与.形成对比）；by contrast（相比之下）近义词：com

37、pare, differentiate, distinguishchew词性：动词中文意思：咀嚼，嚼碎英文释义：to crush food between the teeth and grind it with the tongue词源：来自古英语的 cwian，意为 咀嚼例句：Chew your food properly before you swallow it.（在你吞咽食物之前要充分咀嚼。）固定搭配：chew over（仔细考虑）；chew out（严厉斥责）；chew gum（嚼口香糖）近义词：masticate, grind, munchstarve词性：动词中文意思：挨饿，饿死

38、英文释义：to suffer or die from lack of food词源：来自古英语的 starfan，意为 挨饿例句：The poor family was starving due to the lack of food.（由于缺乏食物，这个贫穷的家庭正在挨饿。）固定搭配：starve for（渴望，需要）；starve sb. into submission（通过饥饿迫使某人屈服）；starve oneself（绝食）近义词：hunger, famished, malnourisheddeparture词性：名词中文意思：离开，出发英文释义：the act of leaving

39、 a place or starting a journey词源：来自拉丁语的 departere，意为 离开例句：Our departure time is at 6 am tomorrow morning.（我们明天早上6点出发。）固定搭配：departure lounge（候机室）；departure gate（登机口）；make a departure（离开）近义词：leave, go, start offborder词性：名词、动词中文意思：边界，接壤；接近，毗邻英文释义：a line that marks the edge of an area; to be next to or

40、adjoin something or someone词源：来自古英语的 bord，意为 边缘例句：The country borders France to the south.（这个国家南边与法国接壤。）parking词性：名词、动词中文意思：停车；停车场英文释义：a place where a car, bicycle, etc. can be left for a time词源：来自中古英语的parken，意为“停放”例句：I found a parking spot near the mall.固定搭配：parking lot/garage/meter近义词：parking spac

41、e, parking areabrick词性：名词、动词中文意思：砖块；用砖砌英文释义：a block of baked clay used in building walls, etc.词源：来自古英语的brycg，意为“烧制的泥土块”例句：The house was built with red bricks.固定搭配：brick wall/house/chimney近义词：block, mortarflap词性：名词、动词中文意思：拍打；垂下物；激动不安英文释义：a piece of material that hangs down loosely from something and

42、moves gently in the wind or when touched; to move up and down or from side to side quickly and repeatedly词源：来自中古英语的flappen，意为“拍打”例句：The birds wings made a flapping sound as it flew away.固定搭配：flap door/wing/mouth近义词：flutter, wavefetch词性：动词中文意思：取来；接人（狗）英文释义：to go and bring back something or someone; t

43、o take (someone) somewhere in a car, on foot, etc.词源：来自古英语的fetian，意为“取来”例句：Can you fetch me a glass of water?固定搭配：fetch up (phrase): to arrive at a particular place or state after a journey or series of events; fetch and carry: to do small jobs for someone else without much responsibility or authori

44、ty近义词：bring, get, retrievepossession词性：名词中文意思：拥有；财产；所有物英文释义：the state of having something; property; belongings; ownership词源：来自拉丁语的possidere，意为“占有”例句：He lost all his possessions in the fire.固定搭配：in possession of: having control or ownership of something; come into possession of: to obtain or acquire

45、 something; personal possessions: things that belong to an individual and are important to them近义词：ownership, property, belongingsintently词性：副词中文意思：专心地，专注地英文释义：in a way that shows great attention and care词源：来自拉丁语的intentus，意为目的或意图例句：She read the book intently, trying to understand every detail.固定搭配：l

46、ook at/listen to someone/something intently近义词：attentively, carefully, deeplyhike词性：动词中文意思：远足，徒步旅行英文释义：to go on a long walk, especially in the countryside or mountains词源：来自北美洲印第安人的语言，原意为长途步行例句：We went for a hike in the mountains yesterday.固定搭配：go on a hike, take a hike, hiking trail近义词：walk, trek, saunterawesome词性：形容词中文意思：令人敬畏的，极好的，棒极了的英文释义：extremely impressive or daunting; extremely good or enjoyable词源：来自英语，原意为可怕的，后来演变为令人敬畏的，再后来演变为极好的例句：The view from the top of