Unit 4 A glimpse of the future Using language Grammar（ppt课件）-2023新外研版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、B6U4Using languageObserve the rulesObserve the rulesLook at the sentences and answer the questions.Activity 1a.50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restuarants.b Every recommendation she gives me is greatc almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.d n

2、one of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.1 Why is 50 per cent singular in sentence(a)but plural in sentence(c)?2 What are the subjects in sentences(b)and(d)?Are they singular or plural?Observe the rulesObserve the rulesLook at the sentences and answer the questions.Activity 1a.50 per cent of m

3、y time was spent researching new restuarants.b Every recommendation she gives me is greatc almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.d none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.1 Why is 50 per cent singular in sentence(a)but plural in sentence(c)?Because in

4、 sentence(a),the part“50 per cent”is followed by the uncountable noun“time”,while in sentence(c),the part“50 per cent”is followed by the countable noun“job”in its plural form.Observe the rulesObserve the rulesLook at the sentences and answer the questions.Activity 1a.50 per cent of my time was spent

5、 researching new restuarants.b Every recommendation she gives me is greatc almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.d none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.2 What are the subjects in sentences(b)and(d)?Are they singular or plural?In sentence(b),“Every

6、recommendation”is the subject.In sentence(d),“none of us”is the subject.Both are singular.Subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement 定义：主语和谓语在人称和数人称和数等方面的一致 当主语是当主语是不定代词不定代词或含有或含有修饰语修饰语时，谓语动词的形式要依据时，谓语动词的形式要依据主语主语所表达的单、复数概念所表达的单、复数概念而定，而不仅仅是取决于简单的外而定，而不仅仅是取决于简单的外在形式。在形式。Subject-verb agreement Sub

7、ject-verb agreement 定义：主语和谓语在人称和数人称和数等方面的一致 当主语是当主语是不定代词不定代词或含有或含有修饰语修饰语时，谓语动词的形式要依据时，谓语动词的形式要依据主语主语所表达的单、复数概念所表达的单、复数概念而定，而不仅仅是取决于简单的外而定，而不仅仅是取决于简单的外在形式。在形式。Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 1:当主语被分数（百分数）、表示量的词汇等修饰时，谓语动词的形式要依据主语本身进行判断，具体如下：b)b)如果如果主语是可数名词复数，主语是可数名词复数，或或主语加上修饰语后整体

8、表达的是复数概念，主语加上修饰语后整体表达的是复数概念，那么谓语动词要用复数形式。那么谓语动词要用复数形式。a)a)如果如果主语本身是可数名词单数主语本身是可数名词单数或者或者不可数名词，则谓语动词要用单数形式；不可数名词，则谓语动词要用单数形式；图书馆里大约三分之一的书都是由这所学校的毕业生捐赠的。About one-third of the books in the library are donated by students who graduated from the school.每年大约有10%的森林被毁。Around 10 per cent of the forest is d

9、estroyed each year.1)Fifty percent of the students in our school _ girls.2)Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea.3)Over sixty percent of the city _ destroyed in the war.are iswasPracticePracticeSubject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 2：常用的表示常用的表示“量量”的短语后面接名词的谓语情况。的短语后面接名词的谓语情况

10、。1)a number of/a variety of/varieties of+可数名词复数可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词作主语时，谓语动词用用复数复数形式。形式。2)a large amount of+不可数名词不可数名词，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单数单数；large amounts of+不可数名词不可数名词，谓语动词用谓语动词用复数。复数。A number of new houses have been built there.A variety of products are on sale now.A large amount of money was spent on the br

11、idge.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 3：当主语被当主语被不定代词修饰不定代词修饰或或主语本身是不定代词主语本身是不定代词时，谓语动词的时，谓语动词的形式需要根据主语加上修饰语后整体表达的意义来进行判断形式需要根据主语加上修饰语后整体表达的意义来进行判断。所有方法都试过了，却没有什么效果。Every means has been tried out without much result.Subject-verb agre

12、ementSubject-verb agreement1)Each boy _ a prize.2)Many of us _ gone through regular training.3)Every possible approach _ been tried,but in vain.4)Both of the instruments _ not precise ones.5)Something _ going to happen,and nobody can stop it from happening.have has aregetsis用法归纳用法归纳 4：all 作主语表示作主语表示

13、人人时，谓语动词用时，谓语动词用复数复数；表示；表示物物时，谓语动词时，谓语动词用用单数单数.结果好一切都好。All is well that ends well.大家都急于达成一项协议。All are eager to reach an agreement.Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 5：none 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，这要取决于作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，这要取决于说话人的看法，如：说话人的看法，如：似乎我们全都没有想到这一点。None of us seem to have thou

14、ght of it.我们都没有照相机。None of us has got a camera.(none=not a single one)Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement Nobody _(have)got a ticket.Nothing _(be)available.None of the pizza _(be)left.None of the passengers _(be)aware of the danger.When you use n

15、one of with a plural noun or pronoun,or a singular noun referring to a group of people or things,you can use either a singular or a plural verb.For example,None of the trains is/are going to London.None of her family has/have been to college.hasis/wasis/waswas/were用法归纳用法归纳 6：当主语被否定词修饰或主语本身是否定词时，谓语动词

16、一般用当主语被否定词修饰或主语本身是否定词时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：单数形式。如：用法归纳用法归纳 7：句中有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词应和离它最近的主句中有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词应和离它最近的主语保持人称和数的一致，这就是就近一致原则。语保持人称和数的一致，这就是就近一致原则。（1）连词连接的并列主语当or,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but(also).,not.but.等链接并列的主语时，谓语动词的单复数与邻近的主语一致。要么是他要么是你要对这场事故负责。Either he or you are responsible for

17、the accident.不仅是你的父母，我也对你的借口感到恶心。Not only your parents but also I am sick of your excuse.不是职员而是经理抱怨顾客的流失。Not the staff but the manager complains about the loss of customers.Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 7：句中有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词应和离它最近的主句中有两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词应和离它最近的主语保持人称和数的一致，这就是就近一致

18、原则。语保持人称和数的一致，这就是就近一致原则。（2）here/there引起的倒装句的主语谓语动词的人称和数根据主语的人称和数来确定早班车来了。Here comes the early bus.有两条狗和一只猫与老妇人住在农舍里。There are two dogs and a cat living in the farmhouse with the old woman.（3）“more than one+单数名词”与”many a+单数名词”做主语，谓语动词用单数许多目击者都举报了他的罪行。More than one witness has reported his crime.许多朋友都

19、帮助过我。Many a friend has offered me a hand.Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement用法归纳用法归纳 8：主语后带介词短语或其他插入语。如：主语后带介词短语或其他插入语。如：as well as（和）（和）,no less than（多达）（多达）,along with（和（和.一起）一起）,with（和（和.一起）一起）,like（诸如）（诸如）,rather than(而不是而不是),together with（连同）（连同）,but（除（除.之外）之外）,except（除（除.之之外）外）,beside

20、s（除（除.之外）之外）,including（包括）（包括）,in addition to（除（除.之外）之外）,instead of(而不是而不是)等等，谓语动词根据主语的人称和数来确定，谓语动词根据主语的人称和数来确定Subject-verb agreementSubject-verb agreement 地球和其他七大行星围绕太阳转。The earth,as well as seven other planets,orbits the sun.除了你的父母和老师，没有人会无条件支持你。No one but your parents and teachers is always on yo

21、ur side on any account.Subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement Nowadays,some companies offer genetic testing for childrens talents.A large number of clients have/has been attracted to it.They are parents,eager to know what talents their children may have in the future.The process is simple.Eve

22、ry child provide/provides a small sample of blood or body tissue.This is/These are analysed.Each of the children is/are given a report showing their possible talents.A recent example cited on the website is that one of the testing companies compare/compares the talents of twins Bobby and Benny.Bobby

23、 was assessed and his talents was/were revealed to be mostly scientific:a 66%chance of success in chemistry and 54%in physics was/were shown.Meanwhile,Bennys highest score was/were shown to be in an arts subject:the test gave him 68%for literary studies.Is genetic testing reliable?Some scientists sa

24、y that more evidence is/are needed.Activity 2Subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement Complete the description according to the charts,paying attention to subject-verb agreement.Three quarters of the surface is made up of land,Activity 3Subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement Three quarte

25、rs of the surface is made up of land,while the rest is sea,covering 25%of the surface.Half of the land is covered with trees.Residential area and arable land both account for the same proportion,20%of the total land.The rest is desert,covering 10%of the total land.There are three kinds of people.Fifty per cent of the people are original residents,30%are from Earth and 20%are from other planets.Activity 3