易经简介-英文课件.pptx

1、+Amelia ZhangI Ching+introductionBasic meaningstructureTrigramshexagraminfluenceDifferent countrycomments+introduction+nThe I Ching,also known as the Classic of Changes,Book of Changs,Zhouyi and Yijing,is one of the oldest of the Chinese classic texts.nThe book contains a divination system comparabl

2、e to Western geomancy风水 system;in Western cultures and modern East Asia,it is still widely used foe this purpose.+?Do you think who was the author?+authorauthorFuFu X X i iMaybe.+n8 trigrams八卦-Traditionally it was believed that the principles of the I Ching originated with the mythical Fu Xi.In this

3、 respect he is seen as an early culture hero,one of the earliest legendary rulers of China.n64 hexagrams64卦-by the time of the legendary Yu,the trigrams had supposedly been developed into 64 hexagrams.begin with the hexagram Bound(艮）Not enough!+nGua Ci卦辞-at the time of Shangs last king,Zhou Wang,Kin

4、g Wen of Zhou is said to have deduced the hexagram and discovered that the hexagram beginning with Initiating乾revealed the rise of Zhou.He then gave each hexagram a description regarding its own nature.nYao Ci 爻辞-King Wu of Zhou,his brother is said to have created Yao Ci,to clarify the significance

5、of each horizontal line in each hexagram.Still not enough!+authornShi Yi/Yi Zhuan 易传-during the time of Spring and Autumn Period,Confucius is traditionally said to have written the Shi Yi,a group of commentaries of the I Ching.nTogether with the commentaries by Confucius,I Ching is also often referr

6、ed to as Zhou Yi.+structure+乾三连（天，金）坤六断（地，土）震仰盂（雷，木）艮覆碗（山，土）离中虚（火，火）坎中满（水，水）兑上缺（泽，金）巽下断（风，木）+trigramstrigrams+trigramstrigramsnYang 九九-the solid line represents Yang,the creative principle.nYin六六-the open line represents Yin,the receptive principle.nYin Yang theory-these principles are more commonly

7、 known in the west as the Yin-Yang diagram,expressing the idea of complementarity of change:when Yang is at stop,Yin is increasing,and vice versa.+hexagramhexagramnthe lower the lower trigramtrigram-The first 3 lines of the hexagram,called the lower trigram,are seen as the inner aspect of the change

8、 that is occurring.n The upper trigram The upper trigram is the outer aspect.nChange-Change-the dynamic of the inner(personal)aspect relating to the outer(external)situation.+hexagramhexagramn64 hexagrams-I Ching describes each of the 64 hexagrams,and later scholars added commentaries and analyses o

9、f each one.+examplesexamples+The creative-forceThe creative-forcePossessingPossessing CreativeCreative PowerPower&skill&skill+QianQianheavenheaven n 乾：元，亨，利，贞。乾：元，亨，利，贞。n初九：潜龙勿用。初九：潜龙勿用。n九二：见龙在田，利见大人。九二：见龙在田，利见大人。n九三：君子终日乾乾，夕惕若，厉无咎。九三：君子终日乾乾，夕惕若，厉无咎。n九四：或跃在渊，无咎。九四：或跃在渊，无咎。n九五：飞龙在天，利见大人。九五：飞龙在天，利见大人。

10、n上九：亢龙有悔。上九：亢龙有悔。n用九：见群龙无首，吉。用九：见群龙无首，吉。+TheThe receptive-fieldreceptive-fieldNeedingNeeding KnowledgeKnowledge&skill;skill;DoDo notnot forceforce mattersmatters andand gogo withwith thethe flow.flow.+KunKun-earth-earthn 坤：元，亨，利，牝马之贞。君子有攸往，坤：元，亨，利，牝马之贞。君子有攸往，先迷，后得主，利。西南得朋，东北丧朋，安先迷，后得主，利。西南得朋，东北丧朋，安贞

11、。吉。贞。吉。n初六：履霜坚冰至。初六：履霜坚冰至。n六二：直方大，不习，无不利。六二：直方大，不习，无不利。n六三：含章可贞，或从王事，无成有终。六三：含章可贞，或从王事，无成有终。n六四：括囊，无咎无誉。六四：括囊，无咎无誉。n六五：黄裳，元吉。六五：黄裳，元吉。n上六：龙战于野，其血玄黄。上六：龙战于野，其血玄黄。n用六：利永贞。用六：利永贞。+CommentComments sn11居下处始时，要善于做小事，防患于未然居下处始时，要善于做小事，防患于未然n22居下处事时，内方外园，张弛有度。居下处事时，内方外园，张弛有度。n3 3居下有为时，善世而不伐，功成而不有居下有为时，善世而不伐

12、，功成而不有。n44居下近尊时，韬光藏锐，清虚自守。居下近尊时，韬光藏锐，清虚自守。n55以下临尊时，仁善中正，宽厚容民。以下临尊时，仁善中正，宽厚容民。n66居下大成时，阴阳合和，返璞归真。居下大成时，阴阳合和，返璞归真。n77永远恪守的原则：坚守正道，持信永固永远恪守的原则：坚守正道，持信永固+nCosmology宇宙论/philosophy-During the Warring States Period,the text was reinterpreted as a system of cosmology and philosophy that subsequently became

13、intrinsic to Chinese culture.nBalance-It centered on the ideas of the dynamic balance of opposites,the evolution of events as a process,and acceptance of the inevitability of change.+YouYou cannotcannot imagine!imagine!influenceinfluence+Symbolism-KoreaSymbolism-Koreaheavenheavenearthearthwaterwater

14、firefire+Symbolism-VietnamSymbolism-VietnamEmpireEmpire ofof VietnamVietnamSouthSouth Vietnam/Vietnam/republicrepublic ofof VietnamVietnam+SymbolismJapanSymbolismJapan nPrior to the Tokugawa period德川幕府家族in Japan,the I Ching was little known and used mostly for divination until Buddhist monks popular

15、ized the Chinese classic for its philosophical,cultural and political merits in other literate groups such as the samurai武士阶级.+commentsnI Ching 易means“easy”or“simple”,whilst as a verb it indicates“change”or the exchange or substitution.Yin and yang,whilst common expressions associated with many scho

16、ols of classical Chinese culture,are especially associated with the Taoists.In imperial China the I Ching had two distinct fictions.The first was as a compendium and classic ancient cosmic principles.The second function was that of divination text.+commentscommentsnI Ching was lucky to survive after

17、 the Qin Empires Burning of books and burying of scholars because of the divination factors.Chinese civilization,as with early Western civilization,accepted various pre-scientific explanations of natural events,and the I Ching has been cited as an example of this.Thus it interpreted natural events through reading based on symbols expressed in the trigrams and hexagrams.+AmeliaAmelia ZhangZhang2014/4/172014/4/17ThatThat ss allall thanksthanks forfor listeninglistening !