人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8单元语法知识点总结.docx

1、人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8单元语法知识点总结本单元重点短语的具体用法1. on page 25：用于表示在特定页面上，例如：The important information is on page 25.（重要的信息在第 25 页。）2. the back of the book：指书的背面或后面，例如：There is an interesting note at the back of the book.（书的背面有一个有趣的注释。）3. hurry up：催促某人加快速度，例如：Hurry up, or well be late.（赶快，否则我们要迟到了。）4. in two we

2、eks：表示在两周内或两周后的时间，例如：The project will be finished in two weeks.（这个项目将在两周内完成。）5. go out to sea：指出海，例如：The captain decided to go out to sea the next day.（船长决定第二天出海。）6. an island full of treasures：形容一个充满宝藏的岛屿，例如：They discovered an island full of treasures in the adventure.（他们在冒险中发现了一个满是宝藏的岛屿。）7. write

3、about：写作关于某事的内容，例如：She likes to write about her experiences.（她喜欢写关于她的经历。）8. finish doing sth.：完成做某事，例如：I need to finish writing the report today.（我今天需要完成报告的写作。）9. wait for another ship：等待另一艘船，例如：They had to wait for another ship to come and rescue them.（他们不得不等待另一艘船来营救他们。）10. learn to do sth.：学习做某事，例

4、如：He is learning to play the piano.（他正在学习弹钢琴。）11. grow fruits and vegetables：种植水果和蔬菜，例如：They grow their own fruits and vegetables in the garden.（他们在花园里自己种植水果和蔬菜。）12. a few weeks ago：表示几周前的时间，例如：I saw him a few weeks ago.（我几周前见过他。）13. the marks of another mans feet：另一个人的脚印的痕迹，例如：They found the marks

5、of another mans feet on the beach.（他们在海滩上发现了另一个人的脚印。）14. not long after that：在那之后不久，例如：Not long after that, they received good news.（在那之后不久，他们收到了好消息。）15. run towards sp.：朝着某个地方跑，例如：The children ran towards the playground.（孩子们朝着操场跑去。）16. use. to do sth.：用来做某事，例如：We use wood to make furniture.（我们用木头来制

6、作家具。）17. signs left behind by someone：某人留下的标记或迹象，例如：They followed the signs left behind by the hikers.（他们沿着徒步者留下的标记前进。）18. read the newspaper：看报纸，例如：My grandfather likes to read the newspaper in the morning.（我爷爷喜欢早上看报纸。）19. science fiction：科幻小说，例如：I enjoy reading science fiction.（我喜欢读科幻小说。）20. cant

7、wait to do sth.：迫不及待地做某事，例如：I cant wait to see my friends.（我迫不及待地想见我的朋友们。）21. a good way to wake up：醒来的一个好办法，例如：Listening to music is a good way to wake up in the morning.（听音乐是早上醒来的一个好办法。）22. number of people：人数，例如：The number of people at the party was about fifty.（派对上的人数大约是五十。）23. used to do sth.：过

8、去常常做某事，例如：He used to smoke, but now he has quit.（他过去常常吸烟，但现在已经戒了。）24. study abroad：在国外学习，例如：She plans to study abroad next year.（她计划明年去国外学习。）25. make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事，例如：The music made her dance.（音乐使她跳起舞来。）26. come to realize：开始意识到，例如：I came to realize the importance of health.（我开始意识到健康的重要性。）27. e

9、ver since then：自从那时起，例如：Ever since then, we have been good friends.（自从那时起，我们一直是好朋友。）28. the southern states of America：美国的南部地区，例如：The climate in the southern states of America is usually warm.（美国南部地区的气候通常很温暖。）29. belong to：属于，例如：This book belongs to me.（这本书属于我。）30. be kind to each other：善待彼此，例如：We s

10、hould be kind to each other and help one another.（我们应该善待彼此，互相帮助。）31. trust one another：互相信任，例如：Good friends trust one another.（好朋友之间互相信任。）32. the beauty of nature：大自然的美，例如：We should appreciate the beauty of nature.（我们应该欣赏大自然的美。）33. have been to sp.：去过某地，例如：I have been to Beijing many times.（我去过北京很多次

11、。）34. do some research on sth.：对某事进行一些研究，例如：They are doing some research on the new technology.（他们正在对新技术进行一些研究。）35. hope to do sth.：希望做某事，例如：I hope to pass the exam.（我希望通过考试。）36. see sb. do sth.：看到某人做某事，例如：I saw him cross the street.（我看到他过了马路。）37. the first line in the song：歌曲的第一行，例如：The first line

12、in the song is very catchy.（歌曲的第一行很引人注目。）38. enjoy success in：在方面享受成功，例如：She enjoys success in her business.（她在事业上享受成功。）本单元重点句子1.-Where are the pay phones? 付费电话在什么地方？-Theyre between the post office and the library.在邮局与图书馆之间。2.How can I help you? 需要我帮忙吗？3.Im new in town. 我新来此镇。4.To get there, I usual

13、ly walk outand turn right on Bridge Road.赛去那儿的话，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐。5.The best things in life are free! 生活中最美好的东西是免费的呀！6. It is very quiet and I enjoyreading there. 图书馆很安静，我喜欢在那儿看书。7.Turn right at the first crossingand the restaurant on your left.在第一个十字路口向右拐，饭馆就在你左边。8.Thank you very much. 非常感谢。9.Youre w

14、elcome. 不客气。本单元重点语法讲解1.现在完成时1)定义：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例：Have you had breakfast yet? 你吃过早饭了吗？Yes, I have. Ive had it.是的，我吃过了(现在我不饿了)Ive already read the book. 我已经读过这本书了(了解了书的内容)2)结构：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词3)句型：肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他.例：I have found my pen.我找到我的钢笔了。否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他。例：I havent fou

15、nd my pen.我还没有找到我的钢笔。一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？例：Have you found your pen?你找到你的钢笔了吗？肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/has.否定回答：No, 主语+havent/hasnt.4)动词过去分词的变化规则一般动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成相同。不规则动词的过去分词136页特殊记忆。5)常用标志词语：already(已经)，never(从未)，ever(曾经)，just(刚刚)，before(以前)，so far(到目前为止)，yet(还，已经)等。just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后He has

16、just come .never表示否定,放在have / has后He has never visited the Great Wall.ever用于疑问句中，用于询问某人过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm？before用于句末The woman has never heard of that before.yet疑问句或否定句句尾.Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.already用于肯定句, have / has之后或句末.We have already finished it.so far用于句首或句末.S

17、o far, we have visited the moon.6)already与yet的用法：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句中，放在助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前；yet常用于疑问句中，并用于句末。例：Ive already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影。Have you seen the film yet?你已经看过这部电影了吗？yet用于否定句中，意为“还(没)；尚(未)”，通常位于句末。例：I havent seen the film yet. 我还未看过这部电影。already与yet的转换：现在完成时中，含有al

18、ready的陈述句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already改为yet，并放于句末。例：I have already finished reading the book.我已经读完这本书了。变为否定句：I havent finished reading the book yet . 我还没有读完这本书。变成疑问句：Have you finished reading the book yet? 你已经读完这本书了吗？7)since与for的用法(How long提问)since+过去一个时间点，如具体的年月、星期、小时。eg：1990、last night、half past six例： I ha

19、ve been here since 1990. 我自1990年以来一直在这里since+一段时间+ago，表示“自时间前开始至今”例：He has been here since five years ago. 他在这儿已经有5年了since+一般过去时从句例：Many things have changed since you left.自从你走后许多事情发生了变化It is +时间段+since+一般过去时从句例：It is ten years since he studied English.for+时间段例：I have been in the new school for a we

20、ek.8)延续性动词和非延续性动词转换：l fall asleep have(has) been asleepl go to sleep have(has) been asleepl become have(has) beenl leave have(has) been away (from)l get married/marry have(has) been marriedl join have(has) been a member ofl have(has) been inl catch a cold have(has) had a coldl move/come/go to /reach

21、/get to/arrive have(has) been in/atl return/go back/come back have(has) been backl borrow/lend have(has) keptl buy have(has) had/ownedl die have(has) been deadl begin/start have(has) been onl finish/end have(has) been overl open have(has) been openl close have(has) been closed注意：how long, since,for与

22、现在完成时连用时动词要用延续性动词9)have been to/gone to/been in的区别have been to强调“曾经去过”现已不在那里，已经回来了，后面可接表示“次数”的状语have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，可能在去的途中，或在去的目的地。have been in“在某地待了多久”作文训练请你根据下表中所提供的信息以“Learn to express thanks”为题，用英语写一篇演讲稿。背 景1.认为上中学时吃好穿好是应该的;2.走向社会后没有感恩意识。学会感恩1.感谢社会提供良好的教育机会;2.感谢父母供养自己上学;3.感谢老师传授知识;4.感谢朋友的鼓励与

23、帮助。参考词汇：enter society 进入社会， sense of thanks 感恩意识， behavior 行为要求：1.短文应包括所提供的所有内容，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译;2.演讲稿中不得出现真实的人名、地名及能够透露你个人身份的信息;3.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考范文：Good morning, boys and girls! The topic of my speech today is “Learn to express thanks”. We find some students want to eat well and wear fashi

24、onable clothes at school. When they leave school and enter society, they dont know how to show any sense of thanks. I think this behavior is not correct. As students, we should learn to express thanks. The society offers us a chance to receive good education. And our parents also support us to go to

25、 school. Our teachers teach us much knowledge, so we should thank them. We should also thank our friends because they can always give us courage and help. In the future, we should never forget our society, parents, teachers and friends. At present, we should study harder to make our world more beautiful. Thank you for your listening!第 11 页 共 11 页