初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit4知识点.doc

1、八年级英语下册Unit4知识点一、重点短语1.have free time有空闲时间2.allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事3.hang out with sb.与某人闲逛4.after-school classes课外活动课5.get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架6.until midnight直到半夜7.talk to sb.与某人交谈8.too many太多9.study too much学得过多10.get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11.write sb.a letter给某人写信12.call sb.up打电话给某人13.su

2、rprise sb.令某人惊讶14.look through翻看15.be angry with sb.生某人的气16.a big deal重要的事17.work out成功地发展;解决18.get on with与和睦相处;关系良:19.fight a lot经常吵架/打架20.hang over笼罩21.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事22.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事23.so that以便24.mind sb.doing sth.介意某人做某事25.all the time一直26.in future今后27.make sb.angry使某人生气28.wo

3、rry about sth.担心某事29.copy one s homework抄袭某人的作业30.be oneself做自己31.family members32.spend time alone独自消磨时光33.give sb.pressure给某人施压34.have a fight with sb.与某人吵架pete with sb.与某人竞争36.free time activities业余活动37.get better grades取得更好的成绩38.give one s opinion提出某人的观点39.learn exam skills学习应试技巧40.practice spor

4、ts体育训练41.cause stress造成压力42.cut out删除二、重点句型1.I studied until mid night last night so I did nt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2.Why don t you forge t about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢?3.Although shes wrong , it s not a big deal.虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。4.He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便

5、他能说声对不起。5.Maybe you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。6.I guess I could, but I dont want to surprise him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。三、词句精讲1.allowallow作动词，意为“允许”。用法如下：（1）allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”。例如：I cant allow such a thing.我不允许发生这样的事。（2）allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。例如：We dont allow eating in the classrooms.我们不允许在教室吃饭。

6、We dont allow smoking here.我们不允许在此抽烟。（3）allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。例如：Her father would not allow her to eat sweets.她父亲不允许她吃糖果。They dont allow students to smoke in the classroom.他们不允许学生在教室抽烟。（4）allow sb.sth.意为“给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间)；让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。例如：He allows his son too much money.他给他儿子的钱太多。Well allow

7、you time to answer.我们将给你回答的时间。2.get on withget on意为“相处，进展”，也可用get along，其后接介词with。get on with sb.意为“与某人和睦相处/关系良好”；get on well/badly with sth.意为“某事进展顺利/不好”。例如：He gets on (well) with his classmates.他和同学们相处融洽。How do you get on with your studies? 你的学业进展如何？【拓展】get on 还有“上车”的意思，后面常接bus; train等表示交通工具的词；反义词

8、为get off。例如：The old man got on/ off the bus slowly.那位老人慢慢地上/下了公共汽车。3.argueargue作动词，意为“争论，争吵”。常用短语为：argue with sb.与某人争吵argue about/on sth.争辩某事argue for/against sth.为赞成/反对某事而辩论例如：Mrs.Brown argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.布朗夫人因为那顿饭的价格跟服务员争吵。Next class were arguing about family activi

9、ties.下节课我们辩论家庭活动。argue对应的名词为argument，常用词组为：have an argument with sb.about/ on sth.因某事与某人争论。例如：I had an argument with my best friend last week.上星期我与我最好的朋友吵了一架。【拓展】argue与discuss的辨析：（1）argue着重于自己的看法、立场，提出论据，以理说服他人。例如：There is no need arguing about the matter.不必就此事辩论了。（2）discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有说服对方的成分。例如

10、：Were going to discuss the question.我们打算讨论这个问题。4.insteadinstead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。例如：He is tired.Let me go instead.他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies.Instead, she plays tennis all day.她从不学习，而是整天打网球。【拓展】instead与instead of的辨析：（1）instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He did

11、nt go to school.Instead, he went to the cinema.他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。（2）instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如：He went to the cinema instead of going to school.他去了电影院而不是学校。5.offer（1）offer 作动词，意为“给予；提供；提出”。例如：He offered me 300 dollars for that old car.他出300美元向我买那辆旧车。Offer some c

12、offee to the guests.给客人端些咖啡来。He offered me a cup of tea.他给了我一杯茶。（2）offer to do sth.表示“愿意做某事；主动提出做某事”。例如：I offered to help my mother do housework.我主动提出帮助妈妈做家务。She offered to drive me to the station.她表示愿意开车送我去车站。6.explainexplain是动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：（1）explain sth.to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。例如：Please explain that rule to me.请把这条规则给我讲一讲。（2）“explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句”意为“向某人解释”。例如：Please explain to me what this means.请向我解释这是什么意思。（3）“explain + that从句” 意为“解释”。例如：He explained that we could no longer stay.他解释说我们不能再待下去了。【注意】explain后面不能接双宾语，在接间接宾语sb.时，前面应加介词to，即explain sth.to sb.4