湖南省岳阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题.docx

1、湖南省岳阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解Welcome to Podcasts! According to the survey: this weeks most popular books, we highly recommend four books to you.When She Was PrincessIn 1945, the woman who was to become Queen Elizabeth II (and recently celebrated 70 years on the British thr

2、one) was aged 19, keenly aware of the duties of the crown and already showing signs of a quiet determination to face the challenges that lay ahead.Parental As Anything, with Maggie DentParenting author Maggie Dent shares what to do if your kids are fighting over every little thing and other common p

3、arenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers on everything affecting children of all ages from shyness to screen time, avoiding homework to tantrums and more.Get Moving Keep MovingPassionate about psychology and exercise science, Dr Spence has combined the two in this book to explore why

4、exercise loses its lustre (光泽) as we age, and shows us how the challenge of returning to exercise can be overcome and the possibilities this create s for ageing well. Using personal stories, this easy-to-read guide empowers readers to take charge of their health, reconnect with their physical self,

5、and set themselves up for a longer, healthier life.The “Harry Potter” Series by J. K. Rowling on AudibleHarry Potter needs little introduction, but the audio books available on Audible (subscription) can be a great way to introduce kids to Hogwarts-and for those who have read the books, to revisit H

6、arry, Hermione and Ron.HOW TO GET PODCASTSTo listen on the web: In a search engine, look up The Commune, for example, and click on the play button.To download: Download an app such as Podcatchers or iTunes on your phone or tablet and simply search by title.1Which book talks about how to get along wi

7、th kids in their family?AWhen She Was PrincessBParental As AnythingCGet Moving Keep MovingDThe Harry Potter Series2What do we know from the text?AJ. K. Rowling introduces adults to Hogwarts.BMaggie Dent shares how to stick to exercise.CQueen Elizabeth II came into power when she was 19.DDr Spence us

8、es personal stories to lead readers to live a healthier life.3What column (专栏) in a magazine might the passage come from?ALiterature.BHealth.CSports.DScience.As an undergraduate in Mumbai, India, Saad Bhamla do something rewarding for his grandparents. The problem was, his grandparents suffered from

9、 age-related hearing loss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saads heart sank when he discovered that the prices were shockingly high and far beyond his means.Determined to find a solution, he devoted himself to his studies and research. Now, 15 years later, the professor has invented a device to

10、help the old across the globe: A cheap hearing aid. The practical device, described in a new study, could help restore hearing to millions suffering from age-related hearing loss for less than the price of a bottle of water.The device is the size of a matchbox and can be worn like a necklace. At bul

11、k (批量) rates, Bhamla says, it would cost just under $1 to make.In low and middle-income countries, only 3% of people with age-related hearing loss wear hearing aids, and in countries like the United States, the adoption rate hovers (徘徊) at about 20%, according to Bhamla. Aside from concerns about co

12、st, Bhamla says, “a lot of people dont realize they have hearing loss and then there is the social prejudice of wearing the aid. Those with the aids would be looked down upon.”Bhamla added “If these cost-effective devices were put into use, they could benefit many people. In theory, if hearing probl

13、ems are alleviated (缓解), peoples cognitive pathways will be changed, the risk of Alzheimers disease reduced.”Bhamla wants biomedical devices to be as cheap and accessible as consumer electronics. He still remembers the experience of learning that he couldnt afford to help his grandparents. “I though

14、t owning a laptop and a cellphone meant I had the means to purchase hearing aids, but then I realized how expensive they were,” he recalls. “So I understood the world more clearly.”4What does the underlined word “restore” in paragraph 2 probably mean?ADamage.BRecover.CRepeat.DRemember.5Which is NOT

15、the reason for a low percentage of hearing aids adoption around the world?ASome people are unaware of their hearing loss.BSome people are concerned about the high price.CSome people take no notice of social prejudice.DSome people are afraid of being looked down upon.6What can we learn from the last

16、paragraph?ABhamla wants to make a lot of money from his invention.BBhamla wants to make hearing aids affordable for people.CBhamla was unwilling to buy hearing aids for his grandparents.DBhamla started to understand the meaning of owning hearing aids.7What kind of person is Saad Bhamla?APersistent a

17、nd creative.BStubbor n and proud.CIndependent and easy-going.DIntelligent and honest.Researchers have extensively explored whether time of day affects exercise benefits and performance. Although morning workouts may be the greatest for circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), afternoon exercise tends to be slightl

18、y more efficient. Overall, given the benefits of exercise, the best time to work out for most people is whenever they can fit it into their schedules.A key part of starting to exercise is choosing when to work out. Morning, afternoon, or evening: Which time is best? Scientists have studied this dile

19、mma extensively.For fresh exercisers, morning workouts are often the most terrible. Trading a cozy bed for an unforgiving fitness center can be a rude awakening to say the least. But morning workouts have their advantages. Challenging the body produces endorphins (内啡肽), uplifting ones mood following

20、 effort. These chemicals, along with a few others, boost energy levels, alertness, and focus, which can make you more productive and attentive at work.But early exercisers may not be able to achieve peak performance. Stronger muscles, fewer stored energy reserves from overnight fasting (夜间禁食), and a

21、 slightly cooler body temperature in the morning add up to influence exercise output. Therefore, more anxious exercisers might prefer working out in the afternoon.Exercise itself may also be more efficient in the afternoon. For example, in one study, young men instructed to cycle to exhaustion at a

22、set difficulty were able to ride 20% longer in the afternoon compared to the morning. A review of studies also found that muscle strength, muscle power, and running abilities all peaked in the afternoon, topping morning performance by anywhere from 3% to 20%.Finally, some folks may decide to work ou

23、t later in the evening. Studies centered around this time of day tend to focus on whether or not nightly exercise negatively impacts sleep quality. Gathered research suggests it does not and, instead, actually improves sleep.So, taking everything into account, when is the best time to exercise? Ther

24、e actually is a straightforward answer! If youre not about to go to sleep, if youve got some free time on your hands, and if you havent already exercised today, the best time to exercise is now.8When is the best time for people to exercise according to the research?AIn the morning.BIn the afternoon.

25、CIn the evening.DWhenever they are available.9Which of the following is not the advantage of morning exercise?AImproving ones mood following effort.BProducing more chemicals in the body.CIncreasing energy level, alertness and focus.DMaking you more efficient and concentrated at work.10What can be in

26、ferred from the passage?AExercise efficiency increases in the morning.BNightly exercise seriously influences sleep quality.CMore anxious exercisers prefer exercising in the afternoon.DAfternoon exercise might have an advantage over morning exercise.11What is a suitable title for the text?AWhat can e

27、xercise bring to us?BAre you ready to exercise now?CWhen is the best time to exercise?DHow can you choose the best time to exercise?For the first time, researchers have successfully transplanted genetically modified (基因改良的) pig hearts into two dead humans who were on life support. The recipients (接受

28、者), whose families donated their bodies for the procedures, had been declared brain-dead.The two surgeries took place at NYU Langone Healths Tisch Hospital in New York City. The first recipient was Larry Kelly, a 73-year-old man who had had two open-heart surgeries before. Information on the second

29、recipient hasnt yet been shared. After the transplants, the two recipients were observed for 72 hours. There were no signs of rejection (排斥) and the hearts functioned normally.Xenotransplantation offers a possible solution to the shortage of donor organs. In the US alone, more than 105,000 people ar

30、e waiting for an organ transplant, and 17 die each day. But a major concern with using animal organs is transplant rejection when the immune system attacks the organ, eventually causing it to fail.To avoid this, Nader Moazami at NYU Langone Health and his colleagues used hearts from pigs with 10 gen

31、etic modifications. Four turned off genes known to increase the risk of transplant rejection and abnormal organ growth. The other six were inserted human genes that reduce incompatibilities (不相容性) between biological pathways in pigs and humans. Infection with animal viruses is another possible risk.

32、 While the virus cant infect human cells, it did infect the transplanted organ, potentially contributing to his death.For the two recent transplants, Montgomery at New York University Langone Health said they used specialized procedures that can detect low levels of the virus and screen for other pi

33、g diseases.“It was one of the most amazing things to see a pig heart beating inside the chest of a human being. It is a great honor to witness that in my lifetime,” said Montgomery. “This is a completely new field.”12What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?AThe methods of observation.BThe funct

34、ion of the two surgeries.CThe basic information about the two surgeries.DThe personal information of the two recipients.13Why did the author list these figures in paragraph 3?ATo reflect the shortage of donor organs.BTo introduce the idea of transplant rejection.CTo stress the potential importance o

35、f Xenotransplantation.DTo show concern for people waiting for an organ transplant.14What did the study led by Moazami focus on?AWays to deal with abnormal organ growth.BIncompatibilities between pigs and humans.CSpecialized process detecting levels of viruses.DGenetic modifications to reduce transpl

36、ant rejection.15What is Montgomerys attitude toward their studies?AUnclear.BNeutral.CDoubtful.DOptimistic.Beyond BurnoutThe world is seriously stressed out. We all get busy sometimes, but feeling constantly worried and overwhelmed can lead to burnout, which can have serious results. 16 .Look for mea

37、ning at workWe can tolerate stress longer if we believe were doing something purposeful and worthwhile. Were more likely to experience more stress when something seems out of our control, against our will or totally meaningless. Take stock of (仔细审视) whats on your plate. 17 . 18 Ignoring (忽视) your di

38、et or eating fast foods or comfort foods can become a way of dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary to bring energy. Many individuals are less active when under stress. 19 . While you dont have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light movement helps “complete” the

39、 stress cycle.Recognize when it has become too muchIts very common for superiors to continue to increase tasks over time. If we dont communicate our needs or limitations, they may be ignored. 20 . For nurse Wendy Reynolds, director of a hospital intensive care unit, stress had always been part of th

40、e job. She solved her burnout problem by starting a different role where she can manage her work-life balance while still having a satisfying career.If you do feel burnt out, therapy can help you process work-related stress and learn coping strategies, and it can teach you to communicate with your e

41、mployer and set healthy boundaries.AHave a health y dietBDont ignore yourselfCThis is particularly true in the hospitalDBut movement is the most natural response to our bodys stressEIf you dont expect things will improve, consider changing jobs or even careersFIf you can, cut one or two of those thi

42、ngs that dont personally give you meaningGBefore situation gets worse, there are several steps you can take to prevent burnout二、完形填空Peterson Simon and his wife Li Jing have traveled across the globe by the back paths, providing their sons Jimmy and Tommy a(n) 21 environment for personal growth.This

43、East-meets-West couple started 22 while their younger son was still a baby in 2003. Most of their trips are far from the hot 23 recommended by travel guidebooks. “Real travel may be hard, uncertain, 24 , but theres a feel-good factor when you pass a test of some kind,” Simon wrote in the familys new

44、ly published travel memoir (回忆录) Pages of Discovery.Simon attaches great importance to 25 out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, 26 that experience of the world outside, with different languages, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real 27 ground

45、.Children in this international family did not have the 28 to perform on school tests, but they had “ 29 ” on the road. Li asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, 30 maps and summarize travel tips. She says such habits, though they might not 31 improve test scores, will benefit them

46、 in later life.These experiences certainly shaped their sons characters and 32 their chosen study at university. One 33 world history, the other international relations. The two brothers also share a(n) 34 in historical monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are now planning to follow in

47、their fathers footsteps with a new 4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.“My parents view the world as a big 35 , and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries (受益人),” Jimmy says.21AgoodBuniqueCnormalDequal22AhikingBworkingCsufferingDtraveling23AparksBspotsCmountainsDcities24AchallengingBsimpleCnegativeDpleasant25AperformingBreadingClearningDexercising26AandBsoCbutDor27AtestingBstudyingCplayingDsleeping28AproblemsBpotentialCreasonDpressure29AhomeworkBoptionCjoyDadventure30AadmireBdrawCfindDignore31AslowlyBusuallyCcon