高中英语2024届高考复习语法知识讲解（宾语+表语）.doc

1、高考英语语法知识讲解一、宾语（一）分类1.名词宾语例句：我买了一本新书。English：I bought a new book.2.代词宾语例句：他看见了我。English：He saw me.3.动名词宾语例句：我喜欢做运动。English：I like doing exercise.4.不定式宾语例句：她学会了弹吉他。English：She learned to play the guitar.5.从句宾语例句：他相信他会成功。English：He believes that he will succeed.6.形容词宾语例句：我觉得这个问题很困难。English：I think this

2、 problem is difficult.7.副词宾语例句：她每天都在努力工作。English：She works hard every day.8.介词短语宾语例句：我们谈论了关于未来的计划。English：We talked about plans for the future.9.数词宾语例句：我数了一百只羊。English：I counted one hundred sheep.10.量词宾语例句：他买了一箱苹果。English：He bought a box of apples.11.时间状语宾语例句：他们在周末参观了博物馆。English：They visited the mus

3、eum on the weekend.12.地点状语宾语例句：我们在公园散步。English：We are walking in the park.13.方式状语宾语例句：他轻轻地敲门。English：He knocked on the door gently.14.目的状语宾语例句：我为了学习英语而努力。English：I study hard to learn English.15.条件状语宾语例句：如果你饿了，就吃些水果。English：If youre hungry, eat some fruit.这些都是常见的宾语类型，它们在句子中扮演着不同的角色，并且可以用来完善动词的意义。（二）

4、详解名词宾语1.他喜欢读书。He likes reading books.2.她吃了一块蛋糕。She ate a piece of cake.3.我们购买了一辆新车。We bought a new car.4.他们发现了一个宝藏。They found a treasure.5.她收到了一封信。She received a letter.6.我们去看了一场电影。We went to see a movie.7.我们计划举办一场派对。We plan to hold a party.8.他们订购了一份披萨。They ordered a pizza.9.学生们完成了一项科学实验。The student

5、s completed a science experiment.10.她送了一束花给妈妈。She gave a bouquet of flowers to her mother.代词宾语1.我见到了他。I saw him.2.她拥抱了我。She hugged me.3.你可以借给我吗？Can you lend me it?4.他们请了她。They invited her.5.我听到了它。I heard it.6.他看见了你。He saw you.7.我们支持他们。We support them.8.她理解了我。She understood me.9.你可以帮助我吗？Can you help

6、me?10.他们信任我们。They trust us.动名词宾语1.我喜欢做运动。I enjoy doing exercise.2.她开始学习绘画。She started learning painting.3.我们应该避免浪费时间。We should avoid wasting time.4.他爱上了唱歌。He fell in love with singing.5.我喜欢读书。I like reading books.6.她害怕做决定。She is afraid of making decisions.7.我们享受着观看电影的乐趣。We enjoy watching movies.8.他很

7、擅长弹钢琴。He is good at playing the piano.9.她停止了抱怨。She stopped complaining.10.我们讨论了改善环境的方法。We discussed methods of improving the environment.不定式宾语1.我喜欢阅读。I like to read.2.她学会了弹吉他。She learned to play the guitar.3.我想要去旅行。I want to travel.4.他准备好了离开。He is ready to leave.5.她决定去购物。She decided to go shopping.6

8、.我们计划明年结婚。We plan to get married next year.7.她开始学习法语。She started to learn French.8.他们打算在周末举办派对。They plan to have a party on the weekend.9.我们需要做出决定。We need to make a decision.10.她努力学习成为一名医生。She works hard to become a doctor.从句宾语1.我相信他会成功。I believe that he will succeed.2.她知道他为什么生气。She knows why he is

9、angry.3.他说他会来参加派对。He said that he would come to the party.4.我们听说他已经离开了。We heard that he has already left.5.她询问我是否需要帮助。She asked me if I needed help.6.我们决定等到天气好了再出发。We decided to wait until the weather improved before setting off.7.我不知道他在哪里。I dont know where he is.8.她告诉我她将在周末来拜访我们。She told me that sh

10、e would come to visit us on the weekend.9.我们期待着听到你的好消息。We look forward to hearing your good news.10.他承诺他会完成作业。He promised that he would finish the homework.二、表语（一）分类1.名词例My sister is a doctor.（我妹妹是一名医生。）2.形容词例She looks tired.（她看起来很疲倦。）3.代词例This is he.（这就是他。）4.数词例The answer is two.（答案是二。）5.副词例He seem

11、s fine.（他看起来很好。）6.名词性从句例The fact is that shes leaving.（事实是她要离开。）7.不定式例Her dream is to travel the world.（她的梦想是环游世界。）8.分词例The dog appeared excited.（这只狗看起来很兴奋。）9.介词短语例The situation is under control.（情况已经控制住了。）（二）详解1.名词（Nouns）作表语这本书是小说。(The book is a novel.)她是老师。(She is a teacher.)这个城市是纽约。(The city is N

12、ew York.)狗是人类的好朋友。(Dogs are humans best friends.)星期五是假日。(Friday is a holiday.)音乐是我的激情。(Music is my passion.)教育是未来的关键。(Education is the key to the future.)这个房子是我的家。(The house is my home.)2.形容词（Adjectives）作表语天气很热。(The weather is hot.)这个问题很复杂。(The problem is complicated.)这个电影是有趣的。(The movie is interest

13、ing.)这条路很长。(The road is long.)这个人很友好。(The person is friendly.)这张照片很美丽。(The picture is beautiful.)这本书是无聊的。(The book is boring.)这个城市很拥挤。(The city is crowded.)这个任务很困难。(The task is difficult.)这个问题很重要。(The issue is important.)3.代词（Pronouns）作表语这是他。(This is he.)那是她。(That is she.)这是我。(This is me.)这是我们。(This

14、 is us.)这是你。(This is you.)那是他们。(Those are they.)这是它。(This is it.)这是谁？(Who is this?)这是哪里？(Where is this?)这是什么？(What is this?)4.数词（Numerals）作表语答案是一。(The answer is one.)这有两个苹果。(There are two apples.)我们有三个项目。(We have three projects.)这是四。(This is four.)五只鸟飞过。(Five birds flew by.)六月是我的生日。(June is my birth

15、day month.)他是第七个。(He is the seventh.)这是第八个试验。(This is the eighth experiment.)我们有九个成员。(We have nine members.)星期日是十月二十四日。(Sunday is the twenty-fourth of October.)5.副词（Adverbs）作表语他跑得很快。(He runs very fast.)她做得很好。(She did very well.)我们吃得太多了。(We ate too much.)他们来得很迟。(They came very late.)我们走得很慢。(We walked

16、 very slowly.)她讲得很清楚。(She speaks very clearly.)他工作得很努力。(He works very hard.)她笑得很开心。(She laughs very happily.)他们走得很远。(They walked very far.)我们等待得很久。(We waited very long.)6.名词性从句（Noun Clauses）作表语他的梦想是他会成功。(His dream is that he will succeed.)我的希望是我会赢得比赛。(My hope is that I will win the game.)我的目标是我要成为一名

17、医生。(My goal is that I want to become a doctor.)他的愿望是他能去旅行。(His wish is that he can travel.)她的信念是她会取得进步。(Her belief is that she will make progress.)我的期待是我会得到奖学金。(My expectation is that I will get a scholarship.)我的决心是我要实现我的梦想。(My determination is that I will achieve my dream.)我的愿望是我要成为一名作家。(My desire

18、is that I want to become a writer.)我的信念是我会找到幸福。(My conviction is that I will find happiness.)他的梦想是他能够改变世界。(His dream is that he can change the world.)7.不定式（Infinitives）表语我的目标是学会弹钢琴。(My goal is to learn to play the piano.)我的梦想是成为一名画家。(My dream is to become a painter.)我的计划是去旅行。(My plan is to travel.)我

19、的愿望是学习一门新语言。(My wish is to learn a new language.)我的责任是照顾好家人。(My responsibility is to take care of my family.)我的决定是继续努力学习。(My decision is to keep studying hard.)我的愿望是做出贡献。(My aspiration is to make a contribution.)我的目标是取得成功。(My aim is to achieve success.)我的使命是帮助他人。(My mission is to help others.)我的梦想是环

20、游世界。(My dream is to travel around the world.)8.分词（Participles）作表语1.Exciting: The movie was exciting.（令人兴奋的）：这部电影很刺激。2.Frightened: She seemed frightened by the loud noise.（受到惊吓的）：她似乎被巨大的噪音吓到了。3.Amusing: The clowns performance was amusing.（有趣的）：小丑的表演很有趣。4.Confused: He appears confused about the instru

21、ctions.（困惑的）：他似乎对说明感到困惑。5.Fascinating: The documentary was fascinating.（迷人的）：这部纪录片令人着迷。6.Surprised: They were pleasantly surprised by the news.（惊讶的）：他们对这个消息感到愉快的惊讶。7.Exhausted: After the long hike, they were exhausted.（筋疲力尽的）：长途徒步之后，他们筋疲力尽。8.Satisfied: She felt satisfied with her performance in the

22、exam.（满意的）：她对自己在考试中的表现感到满意。9.Baffled: The complicated puzzle left him baffled.（困惑的）：这个复杂的谜题让他感到困惑。10.Disappointed: They were disappointed by the outcome of the game.（失望的）：他们对比赛结果感到失望。9.介词短语（Prepositional Phrases）作表语这种情况下控制着。(The situation is under control.)我的家乡在那个城市里。(My hometown is in that city.)我的

23、书包在桌子下面。(My backpack is under the table.)我的手机在床上。(My phone is on the bed.)我的朋友在操场上。(My friend is on the playground.)我的车停在车库里。(My car is in the garage.)我的笔记本在书包里。(My notebook is in the backpack.)我的房间里有一张桌子。(There is a table in my room.)我的钥匙在钥匙链上。(My keys are on the keychain.)我的猫在沙发上。(My cat is on the sofa.)6