高中英语2024届高考交通安全类阅读理解常考核心词汇详解（共32个）.doc

1、高考英语交通安全类阅读理解常考核心词汇详解1.Traffic拼写和音标 traffic /trfk/词性n.不可数名词中文释义交通例句 Heavy traffic during rush hour can cause delays and frustration.(上下班高峰期的交通拥堵会导致延误和沮丧。)同义词 transportation, congestion (拥堵)搭配 heavy traffic (交通繁忙), light traffic (交通畅通), traffic jam (交通堵塞), traffic flow (交通流量), traffic regulations (交通

2、法规), direct traffic (指挥交通)拓展词组traffic light (交通灯) 例句 Always stop at a red traffic light.(红灯亮时一定要停车。)traffic accident (交通事故) 例句 The police are investigating the cause of the traffic accident.(警方正在调查交通事故的原因。)易错点点拨traffic 为不可数名词，表示“交通”的总称，不可加 “-s”。近似单词辨析traffic： 指道路上的车辆和行人的总称。transportation： 指运输，包括各种运输

3、方式，如公路、铁路、航空等。帮助串记的例句 Traffic regulations are designed to ensure the safety of all road users, including drivers, passengers, and pedestrians.(交通法规旨在确保所有道路使用者，包括司机、乘客和行人的安全。)2.Safety拼写和音标 safety /sefti/词性n.不可数名词中文释义安全例句 Road safety is everyones responsibility.(道路安全是每个人的责任。)同义词 security, protection反义

4、词： danger, hazard, risk搭配 road safety (道路安全), public safety (公共安全), safety measures (安全措施), safety regulations (安全条例), ensure safety (确保安全), for safetys sake (为了安全起见)拓展词组safety belt (安全带) 例句 Fasten your safety belt before driving.(开车前系好安全带。)safety first (安全第一) 例句 Remember, safety first! Dont rush an

5、d drive carefully.(记住，安全第一！不要着急，小心驾驶。)易错点点拨“安全地”用 safely (adv.)，不要误用成 safe。近似单词辨析safety： 指免受危险或伤害的状态。security： 指采取措施防止危险或犯罪，例如保安措施。protection: 指采取措施防止损害或伤害，例如戴头盔保护头部。帮助串记的例句 The government is implementing new safety measures to reduce the number of traffic accidents.(政府正在实施新的安全措施，以减少交通事故的数量。)3.Accid

6、ent拼写和音标 accident /ksdnt/词性n.可数名词中文释义事故，意外例句 The accident occurred at a busy intersection.(事故发生在一个繁忙的十字路口。)同义词 crash, collision, incident (事件)搭配 traffic accident (交通事故), car accident (车祸), cause an accident (造成事故), prevent an accident (预防事故), be involved in an accident (卷入事故), report an accident (报告

7、事故)拓展词组by accident (偶然地) 例句 I met my old friend by accident at the supermarket.(我在超市偶然遇到了我的老朋友。)accident-prone (易发生事故的) 例句 That intersection is accident-prone due to poor visibility.(由于能见度差，那个十字路口容易发生事故。)易错点点拨“偶然地” 用 by accident，不要误用成 by the accident。近似单词辨析accident： 指意外发生的事件，特别是造成伤害或损失的事件。incident：

8、指发生的事情，可以是重要的，也可以是不重要的。帮助串记的例句 The driver was not paying attention and caused a serious accident.(司机注意力不集中，造成了一起严重的事故。)4.Injury拼写和音标 injury /ndri/词性n.可数名词/不可数名词中文释义伤害，损伤例句 The driver sustained minor injuries in the accident.(司机在事故中受了轻伤。)同义词 wound (伤口), harm, damage搭配 serious injury (重伤), minor injur

9、y (轻伤), head injury (头部受伤), internal injury (内伤), cause an injury (造成伤害), suffer an injury (受伤), recover from an injury (从伤势中恢复)拓展词组personal injury (人身伤害) 例句 The lawyer specializes in personal injury cases.(这位律师专门处理人身伤害案件。)injury time (伤停补时) 例句 The referee added five minutes of injury time.(裁判员增加了五分

10、钟的伤停补时。)易错点点拨injury 可数/不可数均可。表示具体的“一处伤”时可数， 表示“受伤”的状态时不可数。近似单词辨析injury： 指身体或精神上的伤害。wound: 指由武器或利器造成的伤口。harm： 指造成损害或伤害的行为。帮助串记的例句 Wearing a helmet can significantly reduce the risk of head injury in a motorcycle accident.(戴头盔可以显著降低摩托车事故中头部受伤的风险。)5.Vehicle拼写和音标 vehicle /vikl/词性n.可数名词中文释义车辆，交通工具例句 All

11、vehicles must be registered with the Department of Motor Vehicles.(所有车辆都必须在机动车管理部门登记。)同义词 car, automobile, truck, transportation搭配 motor vehicle (机动车), emergency vehicle (紧急车辆), commercial vehicle (商用车), park a vehicle (停车), drive a vehicle (驾驶车辆), a fleet of vehicles (车队)拓展词组vehicle registration (车

12、辆登记) 例句 You need to renew your vehicle registration every year.6.Driver拼写和音标 driver /drav(r)/词性n.可数名词中文释义司机，驾驶员例句 The driver of the car was responsible for the accident.(汽车司机对事故负有责任。)同义词 motorist (驾车者), operator (操作员)搭配 taxi driver (出租车司机), bus driver (公共汽车司机), truck driver (卡车司机), careful driver (谨

13、慎的司机), reckless driver (鲁莽的司机), licensed driver (持证司机), experienced driver (有经验的司机)拓展词组drivers license (驾驶执照) 例句 You need a valid drivers license to operate a motor vehicle.(你需要持有有效的驾驶执照才能驾驶机动车。)drivers education (驾驶员教育) 例句 Drivers education is essential for young people learning to drive.(驾驶员教育对于学习

14、驾驶的年轻人来说至关重要。)易错点点拨不要将 driver 和 diver (潜水员) 混淆.近似单词辨析driver: 指驾驶任何类型车辆的人。motorist： 特指驾驶汽车的人。operator： 指操作机器或设备的人。帮助串记的例句 Experienced drivers are more aware of potential hazards on the road and can react more quickly to avoid accidents.(有经验的司机更能意识到道路上的潜在危险，并能更快地做出反应以避免事故。)7.Passenger拼写和音标 passenger /

15、psnd(r)/词性n.可数名词中文释义乘客，旅客例句 The bus was full of passengers.(公共汽车上挤满了乘客。)搭配 airline passenger (飞机乘客), train passenger (火车乘客), bus passenger (公共汽车乘客), ferry passenger (渡轮乘客), fellow passenger (同行的乘客)拓展词组passenger seat (乘客座位) 例句 Always make sure your passengers are wearing their safety belts in the pas

16、senger seat.(始终确保你的乘客在乘客座位上系好安全带。)passenger ship (客船) 例句 The passenger ship carried over 2,000 people on its transatlantic voyage.(这艘客船在大西洋航行中载着2000多人。)近似单词辨析passenger： 指乘坐交通工具旅行的人。traveler/tourist: 指进行旅行的人，通常是为了休闲或观光目的。帮助串记的例句 Passengers should remain seated while the vehicle is in motion.(车辆行驶时，乘客

17、应保持坐姿。)8.Pedestrian拼写和音标 pedestrian /pdestrin/词性n.可数名词中文释义步行者，行人例句 Pedestrians should use the crosswalk to cross the street.(行人应该使用人行横道过马路。)搭配 pedestrian crossing (人行横道), pedestrian bridge (人行天桥), pedestrian zone (步行区), careful pedestrian (谨慎的行人), jaywalking pedestrian (乱穿马路的人)拓展词组pedestrian safety

18、(行人安全) 例句 Pedestrian safety is a major concern in urban areas with heavy traffic.(在交通繁忙的市区，行人安全是一个主要问题。)pedestrian-friendly (方便行人的) 例句 This city is known for its pedestrian-friendly streets and sidewalks.(这座城市以其方便行人的街道和人行道而闻名。)易错点点拨不要将 pedestrian 和 pediatrician (儿科医生) 混淆.帮助串记的例句 Drivers must yield t

19、o pedestrians at crosswalks.(司机必须在人行横道让行人。)9.Road拼写和音标 road /rd/词性n.可数名词中文释义公路，道路例句 The road was icy and dangerous.(道路结冰，十分危险。)同义词 street, highway, route (路线), path (小路)搭配 main road (主干道), country road (乡村道路), dirt road (土路), paved road (铺面道路), winding road (蜿蜒的道路), bumpy road (颠簸的道路), icy road (结冰的

20、道路), blocked road (堵塞的道路)拓展词组road trip (公路旅行) 例句 We took a road trip across the country last summer.(去年夏天我们进行了一次横跨全国的公路旅行。)on the road (在路上) 例句 Ill be on the road for the next few days, visiting clients in different cities.(接下来的几天我将在路上，拜访不同城市的客户。)易错点点拨road 指连接城镇的公路，通常供车辆行驶。 street 指城镇内的街道，通常两边有建筑物。近

21、似单词辨析road: 指连接城镇的公路，通常供车辆行驶。street： 指城镇内的街道，通常两边有建筑物。highway： 指主要公路，通常为高速公路。帮助串记的例句 The road conditions were poor, with potholes and cracks in the pavement.(道路状况很差，路面上有坑洞和裂缝。)10.Street拼写和音标 street /strit/词性n.可数名词中文释义街道例句 The children were playing in the street.(孩子们在街上玩耍。)同义词 road, avenue (大道)搭配 busy

22、 street (繁忙的街道), quiet street (安静的街道), residential street (住宅街道), one-way street (单行道), side street (小街), cross the street (过马路)拓展词组street sign (路牌) 例句 Pay attention to street signs to find your way around the city.(注意路牌，以便在城市中找到方向。)streetlight (路灯) 例句 The streetlights illuminate the road at night.(

23、路灯在夜间照亮道路。)易错点点拨road 指连接城镇的公路，通常供车辆行驶。 street 指城镇内的街道，通常两边有建筑物。近似单词辨析road: 指连接城镇的公路，通常供车辆行驶。street： 指城镇内的街道，通常两边有建筑物。avenue： 指宽阔的街道，通常两旁种有树木。帮助串记的例句 The accident happened on a busy street corner.(事故发生在一个繁忙的街角。)11.Highway拼写和音标 highway /hawe/词性n.可数名词中文释义公路，高速公路例句 The highway was congested with traffic

24、.(高速公路上交通拥挤。)同义词 road, expressway, freeway (高速公路)搭配 highway patrol (公路巡警), highway exit (公路出口), highway construction (公路建设), speed limit on the highway (公路限速)拓展词组highway safety (公路安全) 例句 Highway safety is a top priority for the Department of Transportation.(公路安全是交通部高度重视的问题。)highway code (公路法规) 例句 Al

25、l drivers should be familiar with the highway code.(所有司机都应该熟悉公路法规。)近似单词辨析highway： 指主要公路，通常为高速公路。road: 指连接城镇的公路，通常供车辆行驶。expressway: 指高速公路，通常有控制进出口。帮助串记的例句 We took the highway to get to our destination faster.(我们走高速公路，以便更快到达目的地。)12.Speed拼写和音标 speed /spid/词性n.不可数名词/可数名词中文释义速度例句 The car was traveling at

26、 a high speed.(这辆车高速行驶。)同义词 pace (步速), velocity (速度)反义词： slowness (缓慢)搭配 speed limit (限速), high speed (高速), low speed (低速), at a speed of (以.的速度), exceed the speed limit (超速), reduce speed (减速), increase speed (加速)拓展词组speed camera (测速摄像头) 例句 There are speed cameras on this road to deter speeding.(这条

27、路上有测速摄像头，以阻止超速。)speeding ticket (超速罚单) 例句 The driver received a speeding ticket for exceeding the speed limit.(司机因超速行驶而收到一张超速罚单。)易错点点拨speed 可以是可数名词，表示不同种类或程度的速度， 例如 “at different speeds”。近似单词辨析speed： 指物体运动的速率。velocity： 指物体运动的速度和方向。帮助串记的例句 The speed limit on this highway is 65 mph.(这条高速公路的限速为每小时65英里。

28、)13.Signal拼写和音标 signal /snl/词性n.可数名词中文释义信号例句 The driver failed to signal before turning.(司机转弯前没有打信号。)同义词 sign (标志), indication (指示), gesture (手势)搭配 traffic signal (交通信号), hand signal (手势信号), turn signal (转向灯), give a signal (发出信号), receive a signal (接收到信号), obey traffic signals (遵守交通信号)拓展词组signal li

29、ght (信号灯) 例句 The traffic signal light turned green, allowing cars to proceed.(交通信号灯变绿了，允许车辆通行。)signal failure (信号故障) 例句 The train was delayed due to a signal failure.(火车因信号故障而延误。)近似单词辨析signal: 指传递信息的信号，通常是视觉或听觉上的。sign： 指指示方向、警告或提供信息的标志。帮助串记的例句 Drivers should always signal their intentions to other r

30、oad users.(司机应该始终向其他道路使用者示意他们的意图。)14.Regulation拼写和音标 regulation /rejulen/词性n.可数名词/不可数名词中文释义规则，法规，条例例句 Traffic regulations are designed to prevent accidents and ensure the smooth flow of traffic.(交通法规旨在预防事故，确保交通畅通。)同义词 rule, law, ordinance (条例)搭配 safety regulations (安全条例), traffic regulations (交通规则),

31、 government regulations (政府法规), obey regulations (遵守规则), violate regulations (违反规则), enforce regulations (执行规则)拓展词组regulatory agency (监管机构) 例句 The Environmental Protection Agency is a regulatory agency responsible for protecting human health and the environment.(环境保护署是一个负责保护人类健康和环境的监管机构。)regulatory

32、framework (监管框架) 例句 The government is developing a new regulatory framework for the transportation industry.(政府正在为交通运输行业制定新的监管框架。)易错点点拨regulation 可数/不可数均可。表示总称时不可数，表示 具体规则时可数。近似单词辨析regulation: 指政府或其他权威机构制定的规则。rule: 指一般规则或原则。帮助串记的例句 All drivers must comply with traffic regulations.(所有驾驶员必须遵守交通规则。)15.

33、Collision拼写和音标 collision /kln/词性n.可数名词中文释义碰撞例句 The collision occurred when the driver ran a red light.(碰撞发生在司机闯红灯时。)同义词 crash, impact (撞击)搭配 head-on collision (正面碰撞), rear-end collision (追尾碰撞), avoid a collision (避免碰撞), cause a collision (造成碰撞), be involved in a collision (卷入碰撞)拓展词组collision course

34、(碰撞路线) 例句 The two vehicles were on a collision course, heading directly towards each other.(这两辆车在碰撞路线上，直接朝着对方驶去。)collision avoidance system (碰撞避免系统) 例句 Many modern cars are equipped with collision avoidance systems to help prevent accidents.(许多现代汽车都配备了碰撞避免系统，以帮助预防事故。)近似单词辨析collision: 指两个或多个物体猛烈撞击。cr

35、ash: 指突然而猛烈的碰撞，通常造成严重损坏。帮助串记的例句 The police are investigating the cause of the collision.(警方正在调查碰撞的原因。)16.Crash拼写和音标 crash /kr/词性n.可数名词/vi.碰撞，坠毁中文释义(汽车)撞车，(飞机)坠毁例句 The car crash left several people injured.(车祸造成多人受伤。)同义词 collision, wreck (失事), smash (撞碎)搭配 car crash (车祸), plane crash (空难), survive a

36、crash (在事故中幸存), investigate a crash (调查事故), cause a crash (造成事故)拓展词组crash landing (迫降) 例句 The pilot had to make a crash landing after the planes engine failed.(飞机引擎故障后，飞行员不得不进行迫降。)crash helmet (安全头盔) 例句 Cyclists should always wear a crash helmet for safety.(骑自行车的人应该始终戴着安全头盔以确保安全。)近似单词辨析crash： 指突然而猛烈

37、的碰撞，通常造成严重损坏。collision: 指两个或多个物体猛烈撞击。帮助串记的例句 The crash was so loud that it woke up the entire neighborhood.(撞击声如此之大，以至于惊醒了整个社区。)17.Overtake拼写和音标 overtake /vtek/词性vt.超越，超过中文释义超车例句 Its dangerous to overtake on a blind curve.(在视线盲区的弯道超车很危险。)同义词 pass (超过)搭配 overtake a vehicle (超车), overtake safely (安全超车

38、), illegal overtaking (非法超车)拓展词组overtaking lane (超车道) 例句 Use the overtaking lane to pass slower vehicles.(使用超车道超过速度较慢的车辆。)易错点点拨overtake 指车辆超越另一辆车辆。 pass 泛指超过某物或某人。近似单词辨析overtake： 指车辆超越另一辆车辆。pass: 泛指超过某物或某人。帮助串记的例句 The driver was fined for overtaking on a double yellow line.(司机因在双黄线上超车而被罚款。)18.Drunk

39、Driving拼写和音标 drunk driving /drk drav/词性n.不可数名词中文释义酒后驾驶例句 Drunk driving is a serious offense that can result in fines, license suspension, and even jail time.(酒后驾驶是一种严重的违法行为，可能会导致罚款、吊销驾照，甚至监禁。)同义词 driving under the influence (DUI), driving while intoxicated (DWI), impaired driving搭配 penalties for dru

40、nk driving (酒后驾驶的处罚), blood alcohol content (BAC) (血液酒精含量), breathalyzer test (酒精呼气测试), campaign against drunk driving (反对酒后驾驶的运动)易错点点拨“酒驾” 还可以说 DUI (Driving Under the Influence) 或 DWI (Driving While Intoxicated).帮助串记的例句 Never drink and drive.Its not worth risking your life or the lives of others.(切

41、勿酒后驾驶。不值得拿你的生命或他人的生命冒险。)19.Speeding拼写和音标 speeding /spid/词性n.不可数名词中文释义超速行驶例句 Speeding is a major factor in many traffic accidents.(超速行驶是许多交通事故的主要原因。)搭配 speeding ticket (超速罚单), speeding camera (测速摄像头), speeding fine (超速罚款), penalties for speeding (超速的处罚)拓展词组excessive speeding (严重超速) 例句 The driver was

42、charged with excessive speeding after being caught driving 100 mph in a 55 mph zone.(司机在限速55英里的区域内以每小时100英里的速度行驶被抓获后，被控严重超速。)帮助串记的例句 The police officer pulled the driver over for speeding.(警察拦下了超速行驶的司机。)20.Traffic Jam拼写和音标 traffic jam /trfk dm/词性n.可数名词中文释义交通堵塞例句 I was stuck in a traffic jam for an h

43、our on my way home.(我在回家的路上堵车堵了一个小时。)同义词 traffic congestion (交通拥堵), gridlock (交通瘫痪), bottleneck (瓶颈)搭配 cause a traffic jam (造成交通堵塞), avoid a traffic jam (避开交通堵塞), be stuck in a traffic jam (被困在交通堵塞中)拓展词组rush hour traffic jam (高峰期交通堵塞) 例句 Rush hour traffic jams are a common occurrence in major cities

44、.(高峰期交通堵塞是大城市常见的现象。)近似单词辨析traffic jam: 指道路上车辆拥堵，交通缓慢或停滞的情况。traffic congestion： 指道路上车辆过多，导致交通缓慢的情况。帮助串记的例句 The traffic jam was caused by an accident on the highway.(交通堵塞是由于高速公路上发生事故造成的。)21.Crossroads拼写和音标 crossroads /krsrdz/词性n.可数名词中文释义十字路口例句 Be careful when approaching a crossroads, as traffic can c

45、ome from multiple directions.(接近十字路口时要小心，因为车辆可能来自多个方向。)同义词 intersection, junction (交叉点)搭配 busy crossroads (繁忙的十字路口), dangerous crossroads (危险的十字路口), traffic lights at a crossroads (十字路口的交通灯)拓展词组crossroads of life (人生的十字路口) 例句 He was at a crossroads in his life, unsure of which path to choose.(他正处在人生

46、的十字路口，不知道该选择哪条路。)易错点点拨crossroads 单复数同形。近似单词辨析crossroads: 指两条或多条道路交叉的地方。intersection： 同义词，更常用。帮助串记的例句 The accident happened at the crossroads of Main Street and First Avenue.(事故发生在主街和第一大道的十字路口。)22.Lane拼写和音标 lane /len/词性n.可数名词中文释义车道例句 The car was driving in the wrong lane.(汽车在错误的车道上行驶。)搭配 fast lane (快车道), slow lane (慢车道), overtaking lane (超车道), bus